RESEARCH OF TRAFFIC SIGNAL LIGHT INTELLIGENT CONTROL

SYSTEM BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER

ABSTRACT

Now a day's every system is automated in order to face new challenges. In

the present days automated systems have less manual operations, flexibility,
reliability and accurate. Due to this demand every field prefers automated control
systems. The monitoring and control of city traffic is becoming a major problem in
many countries. With the ever increasing number of vehicles on the road, the
Traffic Monitoring Authority has to find new methods of overcoming such a
problem. The main aim of this research is to design an intelligent traffic light
controller using embedded system. This research also aims to design a safe and
efficient traffic flow, to assign the right way and minimizes the delay or waiting
time at road.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

TRAFFIC SIGNAL
LIGHTS

MICRO
IR SENSOR’S
CONTROLLER
ZIGBEE

POWER SUPPLY
UNIT
MONITORING AND CONTROLLING SECTION

ZIGBEE
OBJECTIVE

Traditional traffic light control systems cause congestions and considerable

time losses. In addition, there is a need to a automatic traffic light control system
that is adaptive to the high dynamics in traffic networks.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 PIC MICRO CONTROLLER

 IR SENSOR’S
 LED LIGHTS
 ZIGBEE MODULE
 POWER SUPLLY UNIT

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

 PIC CCS
 EMBEDDED C
ARCHITECURE DIAGRAM
LITERATURE REVIEW

TOPIC : Intelligent Traffic Light Control System

AUTHOR’S : Nipun Sharm , Palkin Sharma

YEAR : 2016

DESCRIPTION :

As in day to day life while travelling one must have faced the problem of
traffic congestion.It is severe problem and is increasing rapidly in cities because
the count of vehicles is increasing on roads. This project proposed new solution to
traffic control. The main design concept of this project is to control the traffic
automatically and also incorporating intelligence to that automatic controller. In
this project we are going to use IR communication to analyze traffic density. IR
signals from IR receiver are given to microcontroller and microcontroller gives
appropriate result according to traffic. For better result we are going to use some
array of IR transmitters and IR receivers in all directions. When there is a more
traffic in one side more no. of IR receivers will not get the signals and gives delay
of more green light to that side having heavy traffic. In prototype prepared for
controlling of traffic we are using red, green and yellow color LED’s.When there is
a more traffic microcontroller gives more delay of green light to that side so that
more and more vehicles pass from that. So by using this project we can control the
traffic automatically
TOPIC: Automatic Intelligent Traffic Control System

AUTHOR’S : Linganagouda R , Pyinti Raju , Anusuya Patil

YEAR : 2016

DESCRIPTION :

Traffic congestion is the biggest problem faced by densely populated

countries like India, China etc. So, our project focuses on three areas-Ambulance,
Priority vehicles (like VIP cars, police jeeps) and Traffic density control. The
project is a replica of a four way lane crossing of real time scenario. In the first
part, concentrated on problems faced by Ambulances, RFID concept is used to
make the Ambulance’s lane Green and thus providing a stoppage free way for the
Ambulance. In the second part, concentrated on problems faced by Priority
vehicles, IR transmitter and receiver are used to make the vehicles’ lane Green and
thus preventing traffic congestion. In the third part, concentrated on Traffic density
control, IR transmitter and receiver are used to provide dynamic traffic control and
thus increasing the duration of the Green light of the lane in which traffic density is
high and hence, regulating traffic
TOPIC: Density Based Traffic Control System

AUTHOR’S : K.Vidhya, A.Bazila Banu

YEAR : 2014

DESCRIPTION :

The project is designed to develop a density based dynamic traffic signal system.
The signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the
junction. Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many major cities across the
world and it has become a nightmare for the commuters in these cities.
Conventional traffic light system is based on fixed time concept allotted to each
side of the junction which cannot be varied as per varying traffic density [1].
Junction timings allotted are fixed. Sometimes higher traffic density at one side of
the junction demands longer green time as compared to standard allotted time. The
image captured in the traffic signal is processed and converted into grayscale
image then its threshold is calculated based on which the contour has been drawn
in order to calculate the number of vehicles present in the image. After calculating
the number of vehicles we will came to know in which side the density is high
based on which signals will be allotted for a particular side. Raspberry pi is used as
a microcontroller which provides the signal timing based on the traffic density.
TOPIC : Simulation of modern Traffic Lights Control Systems using the open
source Traffic Simulation SUMO

AUTHOR’S : Daniel Krajzewicz, Elmar Brockfeld, Jürgen Mikat, Julia Ringel,

Christian Rössel, Wolfram Tuchscheerer

YEAR : 2015

DESCRIPTION :

Within the project “OIS” (optical information systems) new traffic control
mechanisms had to be invented and tested. One of the most important topics was to
optimize the flow over a junction using information from the OIS sensors which
can not be measured using normal sensors such as induct loops. For this purpose,
an “agentbased” traffic lights logic algorithm was used, which uses the length of a
jam in front of a traffic light as input. As we had no possibility to test the traffic
lights control within the reality, the improvement of the flow throughput of such
junctions was shown using the open source traffic Simulation “SUMO”
(Simulation of Urban MObility)
TOPIC : Real Time Traffic Light Control System

AUTHOR’S : Payal Gupta, Dhananjay V. Gadre , Tarun Kumar Rawat

YEAR : 2014

DESCRIPTION :

Road traffic congestion is a recurring problem worldwide. This is primarily

because infrastructure growth is slow compared to growth in number of vehicles,
due to space and cost constraints. This paper proposes a new vehicle density
measurement method using camera sensor and computational technology. The
striking feature of the proposed system is that it is fully implemented on an
embedded platform. We use a commercially available single board computer based
on the Broadcom BCM2835 SOC, which includes an ARM1176JZF-S core as the
computational unit. The embedded software acquires traffic image from an on-
system camera, detects and counts moving vehicles, estimates the traffic density
and controls the traffic signals according to processed results. The simulation
results show that the proposed system is effective and intelligent for traffic control
in a real road intersection.
MODULES

 HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS
 SENSOR NODES
 SERIAL WIRELESS TRANMISSION

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS

A microcontroller (or MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a

single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is similar to, but less
sophisticated than, a system on a chip or SoC; an SoC may include a
microcontroller as one of its components. A microcontroller contains one or
more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and
programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form
of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as
well as a small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed
for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal
computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete
chips.

SENSOR NODES

A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the
physical environment. The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture,
pressure, or any one of a great number of other environmental phenomena.
SERIAL WIRELESS TRANSMISSION

In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process

of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication
channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where
several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels.
REFERENCE

 SJA1000 CAN Controller[S].Product Specification. Philips

Semiconductors,2000.
 PCA82C250 CAN Controller Interface. Product Specification[S].Philips
Semiconductors,2000.

 Digital Logic Pocket Data Book[S] .Texas Instruments，2003：512.

 MAX232.Multichannel RS232 Drivers and Receivers. Maxim Integrated

Products[S].1997.
 Hu Guangyong, Design and Implementation of CAN Bus Node Circuit[J],
Control & Automation, 2006(22): 1-2.
 Rao Yuntao,Zhou Jijun,Zheng Yongyun,FieldbusCAN Principle and
Applied Technology[M].Beijing:Beijing aerospace University
Press,2003.6,154-155.
 Rao Yuntao,Zhou Jijun,Zheng Yongyun,FieldbusCAN Principle and
Applied Technology[M].Beijing:Beijing aerospace University
Press,2003.6,154-155. Power driven Monitoring circuit Hand-reset SCM
Control 303