Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 • 2010
LNG energy 5
Dr Welding
The importance of tack welding 8
Welding News 1 • 2010 2
Highly appreciated
Indian fair
Avesta Welding took part in the popular
Essen Welding India 2010 fair in Mumbai,
10 – 12 February.
Fredrik Hägg Essen Welding India 2010 was part of the fourth interna-
tional Joining, Cutting, Surfacing trade fair. At the same
time, the Tube India International and the Metallurgy
India shows were hosted at the Bombay Exhibition
Positive start to 2010! Centre. The three events attracted 284 exhibitors and
around 6,000 visitors.
Böhler Welding Group had the largest stand at Essen
The year has started positively and it is very Welding India 2010. All the group’s six brands, Avesta
pleasing to see that more and more of our Welding included therein, were represented.
Abby K Joseph, MD of Bohler Welding Group India,
customers have projects under way and a lot
believes that Essen Welding India is a good platform
to do! for meeting existing customers and discussing wishes
for the future. “BWG’s display generated great interest;
Those who like to be upbeat might say that the past year from new customers and sales personnel too,” he com-
was “exciting”. The crisis affecting most markets and ments.
industries is not a purely negative phenomenon. It is In connection with the fair, BWG India also organised
part of the productivity adjusting and reshaping that is a seminar at Hotel Leela in Mumbai exclusively for its
always necessary if companies are to develop and con- customers and distributors. A number of technical pres-
tribute to a general raising of standards. entations of new products and developments were given
From its solid base with a strong brand in the weld- at the four-hour seminar. Fredrik Hägg and Anders
ing of stainless steel, Avesta Welding is maintaining Bornmyr of Avesta Welding presented the company’s
the initiatives to raise its market profile. This push will welding and post-treatment products.
be evident in various ways over the year. Participation “The presentations were highly appreciated by par-
in fairs, the holding of customer days, high visibility ticipants from the broad spectrum of industries repre-
advertising, etc. are all continuing. We are very keen to sented in the audience,” states Abby K Joseph.
always be the preferred partner for the welding of stain-
less steel. To achieve this goal, it is very important that
we build upon, and expand, the close collaborations we
already enjoy with our customers. Together, we can con-
tinue to develop products that provide the basis for the
highest quality and most productive solutions in stain-
less steel welding! Once again, this edition of Welding
News presents a number of innovations in our already
extensive product programme.
Fredrik Hägg
Brand marketing manager
At its factory in Eskilstuna, Alfa and separators. Its products are used joining Alfa Laval, he worked many
Laval Tumba manufactures stainless in countless applications. Industry, years for Outokumpu.
steel separators for a wide range of the energy sector, waste water plants, OME’s welders have several excit-
applications. Jarmo Meriläinen is breweries, foodstuffs preparation ing projects at the moment. One of
the welding engineer of Operations and the merchant marine all provide these is a distributor in super duplex
Manufacturing Eskilstuna (OME). customers. 2507, the weldability of which is
He feels that, as his company buys Welding Competence Network, a markedly different from that of 2205.
filler metals for welding duplex global internet community promot- With the spotlight on quality and
steels from Avesta Welding, it is only ing exchanges of know-how between lead times, this area requires extra
natural to use the same expertise for welding units within Alfa Laval, effort being put into the identifica-
welding training. was started around half a year ago. tion of optimum methods. Increasing
“Welding duplex stainless steels is “Focused on the sharing of tech- competence via, for example, train-
a rather exclusive niche and demands nology and experience, it aims to ing courses is thus an important part
special techniques. We find it diffi- facilitate the lifting of welding levels of this work.
cult to recruit new welders with the to a global Alfa Laval standard. No “Most often, we weld rather thick
necessary skills. Thus, welders have matter where in the world we weld, materials. In this connection, we use
to undertake additional training. We we must offer the same standard. The covered electrodes for duplex steels.
are extremely pleased with Avesta network is still relatively new, but Above all else, we use filler metals
Welding’s courses. It has given our I think it will be immensely worth- such as Avesta 2205-PW and Avesta
welders good and useful know- while,” explains Jarmo Meriläinen, 2507/P100 Rutile” reveals Jarmo
how,” he explains. who has himself been involved with Meriläinen.
Alfa Laval Tumba AB OME has welding for over 20 years. Before
around 200 employees, 12 of these
being welders. Three of them have
just been to Avesta for a welding
course organised by Avesta Weld-
ing. Last autumn, welders Fredrik
Johansson and Patrik Sundkvist at-
tended a basic course in the welding
and post-treatment of austenitic and
duplex stainless steels. In February,
joined by colleague Veli-Pekka
Turunen, they went to a more in-
depth course on the TIG and MMA
welding of the same steels.
The separators made in Eskilstuna
are used in all imaginable sectors of
industry – biotech, off-shore and, not
least, dairy. Jarmo Meriläinen esti-
mates that around 90 percent of the
unit’s welding is done at the factory.
Most of this is machine top parts for
separators and distributors, the latter
being primarily made in duplex steel.
The Alfa Laval group has opera-
tions in almost one hundred countries
and is a world-leading manufacturer Welded distributor in duplex stainless steel 2205. Jarmo Meriläinen welding engineer,
of pumps, valves, heat exchangers with Fredrik Johansson, welder.
Welding News 1 • 2010 4
In brief was made by Gustaf de Laval in 1877 the highest density collect in the outer
and enabled cream to be easily separa- section of the separator bowl. Alfa Laval
In 1883, Gustaf de Laval and his busi- ted from milk. Laval’s milk separator was has unsurpassed understanding of the
ness partner, Oscar Lamm Jr, set up AB a great industrial success in Sweden. design of separator disc stacks. These
Separator, the forerunner of today’s Alfa Separators can also be used to clean oil are the heart of a separator and the key
Laval. (by removing undesired particles). to good results.
A separator is a piece of equipment for High-speed separators are primarily used
separating, for example, two liquids that for separating liquids and particles from
do not mix. This can be a question of Source: www.alfalaval.se
liquids and each other.
separating liquids of different densi-
ties (e.g. oil and water) or liquids from Subjected to the centrifugal forces in
“sludged” particles. The first separator a separator, the liquids/particles with
King opens
Igelsta CHP plant
On the 17th of March, King Carl XVI Gustaf
opened Sweden’s largest bio-fuelled combi-
ned heat and power plant in Södertalje (see
report in previous issue of Welding News).
Avesta Welding supplied the welding con-
sumables for what is Huddinge’s, Botkyrka’s
and Södertälje’s largest environmental
investment ever.
LNG in brief
Liquefied natural gas (LNG)
is becoming increasingly
important on the world’s fuel
market. Consequently, the
number of LNG process and
terminal installations is
increasing every year. The
same is true of LNG carriers.
(GTAW), MIG/MAG (GMAW), problems satisfying requirements in pansion is the most commonly speci-
MMA (SMAW), FCAW and SAW – respect of impact strength and lateral fied requirement. Lateral expansion
are used in the manufacture of stor- expansion at low temperatures. To is an indication of toughness. Simply
age tanks and piping systems. obtain an austenitic stainless steel put, it measures a material’s plastic
weld metal, 308L/MVR and/or deformation during impact testing.
Filler metals 316L/SKR are very popular. As The most common requirement
To achieve the desired toughness at intimated above, Avesta P10 gives a (0.38 mm) can be found in ASME
low temperatures, filler metals that nickel base weld metal. (e.g. ASME B31.3 for process piping),
give an austenitic stainless steel or The slag forming MMA, FCAW but is also popular for structures that
nickel base weld metal must be used. and SAW processes most often do are not built to ASME specifications.
For welding 5 – 9% Ni steel, cov- not give a weld metal that is as For certain European projects, TÜV
ered electrodes or flux cored wires metallurgically clean. Thus, it can has had a minimum impact strength
of a nickel base type (ERNiCr-2/3) sometimes be more difficult to satisfy requirement of 32 J at −196°C. There
are the most widely used. Examples requirements. This is especially the is generally a natural connection
here include Avesta P10, Avesta P13 case with austenitic flux cored wires. between impact strength and lateral
and the extremely user-friendly flux Impact strength testing is usually expansion.
cored wire, Avesta FCW P12-PW. Charpy V at −196°C. Because the Product sheets for all the above
Avesta Welding’s solid wires for sample cools quickly and easily in Avesta products are available under
the gas-shielded TIG and MIG/MAG liquid nitrogen, testing presents no the Products heading of our website,
processes give a metallurgically clean problems. Apart from minimum www.avestawelding.com.
weld metal that generally has no impact strength at −196°C, lateral ex-
Chemical composition,
typical values. % 308L/MVR-NF 308L/MVR Cryo 316L/SKR-NF 316L/SKR Cryo
C 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02
Si 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3
Mn 1.9 1.7 2.3 1.2
Cr 19.4 19.0 17.5 17.2
Ni 12.9 10.3 13.8 11.9
Mo - - 2.5 2.7
Ferrite WRC-92, FN 0 4 0 4
Mechanical properties,
308L/MVR-NF 308L/MVR Cryo 316L/SKR-NF 316L/SKR Cryo
typical values
Rp0.2, N/mm2 400 450 430 450
Rm, N/mm2 520 570 560 570
A5, % 40 43 37 35
Impact strength, J
Charpy V at −196°C 37 35 42 42
Lateral expansion, mm 0.60 0.55 0.60 0.70
Welding News 1 • 2010 7
One of the two stainless steel structures over the skating rink in Robson Square, Vancouver. Photo: Ziggy Welsch.
It was not only Sweden’s gold and silver medals that shone
during the Winter Olympics in Vancouver! The stainless steel
structure over the skating rink in Robson square had been
pickled to a high shine using products from Avesta Finishing
Chemicals.
Throughout the 2010 Winter Games, Canadian architecture. Its features in- rink’s ice were all part of the work.
Robson Square partnered being a clude the provincial law courts, a city The steel structures were designed
landmark and administrative centre offshoot of the University of British and made by George Third and Son
in the heart of Vancouver with also Columbia, government offices and a Ltd., a company specialising in steel
being a meeting point that offered popular, public skating rink. fabrications. Using products from
family activities, free live perform- After a comprehensive million- Avesta Finishing Chemicals, they
ances, exhibitions and the chance to dollar renovation, Robson Square were pickled to a high finish by Epic
meet the Olympic mascots. reopened in 2009. Rink expansion, Metals.
Designed in the 1970s by Arthur new lighting and two large, glazed,
Erickson, Robson Square is an icon of stainless steel cupolas that protect the
Welding News 1 • 2010 8
Dr. Welding
The importance of
tack welding
In many welding projects, tack welding is a necessary
preliminary step. To achieve optimal results from the
final weld and to minimise defects, it must be per-
formed correctly.
Tack welds are often short and made Tack welding sequences
in the same way as the final weld. Plate- Spacing, Tack
Alt. 1: From the middle
Deposited at some distance from
thickness, mm length,
each other, they can be used to hold 8 6 4 2 1 3 5 7 9