SAP Etabs Safe Course 475 (R) DR KHOLEY

SAP - Etabs
Structural Analysis Program

Extended 3D Analysis of Buildings Systems
By: DR. Ahmed M. EL-Kholy
oh ly
- K
EL
.
Lecturer
Department of Civil Eng..
e d M
hm
Fayoum U
. A
R
D
Ahmed M. EL-Kholy
Copyright
Edition 3 - 2015
1- Scheduleholy
- K
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2- SAP ???edOr Etabs ???
m
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D3- Examples
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Ahmed M ELKholy 2
Important Brief
Introduction ly
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to L-K
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Finite Element e d M Method
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“FEM”
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Finite Element Analysis
“FEA” 3
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Ahmed M ELKholy 44
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oh ly
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m e d right click at any joint in SAP or ETABS
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SAP
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hAnalysis Program
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Structural
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Important Brief oh ly
Introduction - K
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Area Sections
..Define… Section Properties…Area Sections…
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Design
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Sign Convention
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Accessing the Help
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Ahmed M ELKholy 21
Frame Sign Convention
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Positive Axial Force & Torque
Parallel to axis 1 at face+1

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Positive M3 & V2
Compresses face+2 Parallel to axis 2 at face+1

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Positive M2 & V3
Compresses face+3 Parallel to axis 3 at face+1

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Shell Sign Convention
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Forces are per unit
length
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Positive Stresses and In-Plane Forces
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Shell Sign Convention
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Moments are per
unit length
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R Positive M11 & Positive M22
D Compress face+3
Positive Bending Moments

26
Default Colors of faces +3 & -3
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face 6 = face+3 = Red
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D face 5 = face-3 = Pink
Positive Bending Moments

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Degrees ofM Freedom.
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..Analyze… Set
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Ahmed M ELKholy 28
Degrees of Freedom
..Analyze… Set Analysis Options
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Any space joint has 6 DOF
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Ux
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Uy Uz Rx Ry Rz
2D Frame XZ Plane
e
√
d ---- √ ---- √ ----
hm
2D Frame XY Plane √ √ ---- ---- ---- √
A
3D Frame √ √ √ √ √ √
3D Truss
R. √
√
√ √
√
---- ---- ----
D
2D Truss XZ Plane ---- ---- ---- ----
XY Slab (Vertical Loads) ---- ---- √ √ √ ----
XY Slab (Vertical & Horizontal Loads) √ √ √ √ √ √
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Load Patterns, Load Cases,
ho l y
Load Combinations
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e
..Define… mLoad d Patterns…
h
. A
..Define… Load Cases…
R
D Load Combinations…
..Define…
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Ahmed M ELKholy 30
?Load Patterns, Load Cases, Load Combinations
..Define… Load Patterns…, Load Cases…, Load Combinations
y Pattern
oh lLoad
2 3 1
Load Case Load Combination

- KA Load Pattern must
E L
Static Load Cases
OW Dead=OW+Flooring+Wall Weight
.
Liner or Non-Linear
be created for every

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Flooring Work=Dead+Live
e d Static Load Case
hmin ECP-RC
Wall Weight Ult=1.4Dead+1.6Live
to enter
A …….
Live Follow Chapter 3
.
the patterns
R
Wind
(values & shapes) of
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EQ-Static
Temperature
…….
…….
applied loads
in the case
……
EQ-Dynamic
…....
Buckling …... 31
Moving Load 31
?Load Patterns, Load Cases, Load Combinations
..Define… Load Patterns…
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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations
..Define… Load Cases…
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33
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..Define… Load Cases… Flooring (modify/show case)
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..EQ Modeling…………
EQ Modeling oh ly
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Response SpectrumL Time History Analysis
Static
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Equivalent Static
Se
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(8-3)
(8-12)
Sd=Se/R
Load Method
A
(8-4)
F = [ S (T) λ / g ] W .
(8-2)
t
R
(8-11)
b d
D
(8-13) (8-5)
(8-14)
F = [ hi/Σh ] F
i b T
TB TC TD
EQX - EQY SPECX - SPECY
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..Define… Load Cases… Modal (modify/show case)
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EL
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hm ≥3√n
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R ≥ 90%
D ECL 2012
item: 8-4-2-6
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..Define… Functions… Response Specturm…
oh ly 1
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2
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3 37
4
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..Define… Load Cases… Add New Load Case… Response Spec..
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UBC: 9.81/R
D
..Define…
Functions…
Response Spectrum…
38
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..Define… Load Cases… Add New Load Case… Response Spec..
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..Define…
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Functions…
Response Spectrum…
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Load Patterns, Load Cases, ?Load Combinations
..Define… Load Combinations…
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..Define… Load Combinations…
Envelope
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Dead + Live “envelope” Dead
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Live
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Ahmed M ELKholy 41
..Define… Load Combinations… Absolute
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Dead
E
Absolute (Dead)
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Absolute (Dead) + Dead “Linear”
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42
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Steps. ofE L
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Buildinghma SAP Model
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Ahmed M ELKholy 43
Steps of Building a SAP Model
1 Units Bottom Right Screen
2 New Model
3 Available DOF Slide 29
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Slide 31~42
4
- K
Define… Materials, Sections, Functions, L Patterns, L Cases, L Combinations
5 Draw the Structure & Assign Sections
E L
6
M .
Assign Joint.. Restraints, Constraints, Springs
7
e d
Assign Frame.. Releases, End Offset, Intersection Points, Output Stations
8 Assign Area.. Springs
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9 Assign Joint Loads & Frame Loads & Area Loads
Alternative 2
11 Run D
10 Display.. Show Loads & Misc Assignments
4* Draw the Structure

12 Check Warnings & Errors in the Log File
5* Define………….
13 Display… Show Deformed Shape Slide 8
5\* Assign Sections
44
14 Read Deflections, Forces, Moments…. 44
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Step. 2E L
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NewhmModel …
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Ahmed M ELKholy 45
Step 3. New Model
..File… New Model…
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Cartesian & Cylindrical
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46
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Step 4*L-K
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Draw theed MModel …
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Drawing Tools
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Ahmed M ELKholy 47
Step 4*. Drawing the Model
Drawing / Selection / View Tools
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48
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49
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..View… Set 3D View...
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View Direction Angle options: Set these three angles to determine the
- K
orientation of the view. These angles can be thought of as describing the
E L
location of your eye, looking toward the origin
M .
d
Plan angle: Your location in the X-Y plane, where zero is on the positive X
hm e
axis, and 90 is on the positive Y axis
. A
Elevation angle: Your location above or below the X-Y plane, where zero is
R
on the X-Y plane, and 90 is on the positive Z axis
D
Aperture angle: A measure of how strong the perspective effect is, or how
far away you are from the origin. Zero indicates that you are infinitely far
away, and all receding lines are parallel (no perspective). A value between
30 and 60 is usually adequate
51
51
Training Example
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M .E 3m
hmed
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Z
Y X
52
4m 4m 52
Using Excel
Drawing a Joint oh ly
Type Name X Y Z USER
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POINT 1 2 3 1 Y
E L
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Drawing a Frame
e d
Name XI YI ZI mXJ YJ
Type
h
3 5 A0 7 5
ZJ
LINE 1
R. 0
Drawing anD
Area
Type Name NumPoints X1 Y1 Z1 X2 Y2 Z2 X3 Y3 Z3 X4 Y4 Z4
AREA 1 4 3 5 0 5 5 0 4.6 8.9 0 1.1 7.2 0
53
Ahmed M ELKholy 53
Using Excel :: Training Example
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3 4 4
3
2
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EL
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d
9m
hm e
7m
1 2
. A Z
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1 X 5
7m 2.5 m
54
54
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Joint Constraints
L E
M .
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..Define… Joint
. AJoint Constraints…
R
..Assign…
D
55
Ahmed M ELKholy 55
Joint Constraints
..Define/Assign… Joint Constraints..
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A Body Constraint causes all of its constrained joints
Body
- K
to move together as a three-dimensional rigid body.
L
If a large number of these constraints must be created,
. E
consider using the weld constraint instead.
e d M
A Diaphragm Constraint causes all of its constrained joints
hm
to move together as a planar diaphragm that is rigid against
A
Diaphragm membrane (in-plane) deformation.
.
R
This constraint can be used to model concrete floors .
Weld if the Z axis is chosen, this constraint is equivalent to
Plate D
a body constraint in the same coordinate system with
translations X and Y and rotation Z chosen.
Rod
Equal
Column cross section – Roller support
56
Lateral load at slab CG – Hidden beams
56
Joint Constraints
..Define/Assign… Joint Constraints..
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Weld Constraint for lowering
bathroom floor
57
57
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Definition E of L
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Non Prismatic Section
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Ahmed M ELKholy 58
Nonprismatic Section
..Define..Section Properties..Frame..Add New..Other..Nonprismatic
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Nonprismatic Section
..Define..Section Properties..Frame..Add New..Other..Nonprismatic
A linear variation in t2 for the rectangular shapeoh ly

would require eivar33=1 - K
E L
.
A linear variation in t3 for the rectangular shape
M
would require eivar33=3
e d
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A
A linear variation in t3 for the I- shape would re
.
quire eivar33=2 R
D
The interpolation of the bending stiffness in the 1-
2 plane, i22 × e1, is defined in the same manner
by the parameter eivar22 60
60
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Frame Intersection E Point
M .
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Cardinal Point
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62
Intersection Point
..Assign..Frame..Intersection Point
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63
Intersection Point
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Intersection Point
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Intersection Point
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Cardinal Point
hm e
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65
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Frame End
ed Offset
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Ahmed M ELKholy 66
End Offset
..Assign..Frame..End Offset
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D
This is a factor used to define the percentage of
the zone specified through end offsets to be
taken as fully rigid. 00 means no rigid zone and 1
means that the entire zone is taken as rigid.
67
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Examples
ed
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R Excel files to Lab PC(s)
D
Copy
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Ahmed M ELKholy 68
Example 1
Truss-Frame
PD=2 t Release/Partial Fixity
PW=0.3 t PL=1 t
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Output Stations
T2
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1.5 1.0
L
T1
D1 V2
. E
B1 B2 B3
e d M
m
0.24 t/m
0.15 t/m
Steel 37
A
6m
.
All truss members are 2Ls 80x80x8
Z
R
All frame members are HEA 360
D DL, LL, WLL, WLR

X Special Names for chord, vertical & diagonal members
10x2.00=20.00 m
Ahmed M ELKholy 69
Example 2
RC-Beam
DL 1.00 t/m DL 1.25 t/m
LL 0.50 t/m oh ly
DL 3.0 t
-K
LL 0.40 t/m
Z LL 1.2 t 25 cm
E L 2
.
DL 3 t/m, LL 0.4 t/m
60 cm
3
X
e d
hm
2.5 1.0 1.0 2.5 1.0
1 4
. A 3.5 4.5
R Fcu=250 Kg/cm
D
Concrete
E=14000 √Fcu= 221359.4362 Kg/cm
2
DL, LL, Work, Ultimate Alive Model &

Output Stations 70
Ahmed M ELKholy
Modifiers
Example 3 Using Two different alternatives
Frame Verification
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D
Ahmed M ELKholy 71
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EL
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EL
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Ahmed M ELKholy
Z
Example 4 B
X
Beam under Temperature
Z 2”
2 ly
oh Mater1
K
A
X 3
L- α=0.0000065 /F
E=29000 k/in 2
3” . E
10 inch
e d M
Load Case 1: Increase 20 F
hm
A
60 F
.
2
R
Load Case 2: Increase 2 F/inch along X-axis
D Increase 60 F on the top fiber

Load Case 3: Linear
Case1: Temperature=+20 (+ increase)

Case2: Define/Assign (Joint Patterns) Temperature=2X+10
Case3: Gradient22=+60/3=+20 (+ increase with local 2)
Ahmed M ELKholy 75
Example 4
Beam under Temperature
Z
oh ly
Z
K
A B
X
L - X
. E
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Case A Case B
Load Case
. AUx=0.0013
U F
1 R Fx=-22.62
D2 Ux=0.00065 Fx=-11.31
3 Uz=-0.0065 Fz=2.545
76
Example 5 DL
Frame under different loads and temperature LL
+Settlement + Inclined Support WL
Utemp
oh ly
NUTemp
- K
Sec. 3
L30 cm Sec. 3
.E DL 3.0 t
3m
30 cm
M
2
Sec. 2
30 cm
ed
2 LL 1.2 t
2
hm
125 cm
90 cm
60 cm
A
3 3 3
.
RSec. 1
D
Sec. 2
4m
Sec. 2
Sec. 3
Concrete Fcu=350 Kg/cm2
1m 3m 3m 3m 3m 2m
77
Example 5
Frame under different loads and temperature
+Settlement + Inclined Support
1-DL Case
oh ly
2-LL Case
- K
3-WL Case
EL
.
4-Utemp Case :: Uniform Increase 20 C
25 cmM
m e d 25 cm
2 30 C
h
25 cm 2 30 C
A
2 30 C
.
125 cm
90 cm
R
60 cm
3 3 3
D
5-NUTemp Case:: Increase 30 C outside the frame
6-Settel Case:: Downward settlement of 1 cm at hinged support
78
Example 5
Frame under different loads and temperature
+Settlement + Inclined Support
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79
Cartesian 2-2-1-20-8-…
Example 6 Cylindrical 2-41-1-14.5-4.5-… & Origin=P
Replicate Radial
Arch 3 t/m
oh ly
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4m
4
E L 10
M .
e d
hm R2=102+(R-4)2
. A R-4
R
8m
D Y
X
20.00 m
P=(0,-2.5,0) 80
Example 6
Arch
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Horizontal Projection Load
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EL
M .
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D
81
Example 6
Arch
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EL
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D
82
Example 7
Prestress Beam – Using Tendon Element
oh ly
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E L
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Uz=0.165 inch & M=2004 Kip
Ahmed M ELKholy 83
oh ly
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EL
M .
e d
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R
D
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Flat Slab E L
M .
e d
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Example
. A
R
D
85
Ahmed M ELKholy 85
Flat Slab Example
Flat Slab Modeling ::: 3 Alternatives
oh ly
K
H/2
L -
E
H
.
H/2
e d M
hm
. A
R
H
D
86
Flat Slab Example
Minimum Dimensions
1. ts=15 cm. oh ly
- K
2. ts=L/32 for edge spans.
EL
3. ts=L/36 for internal spans.
M .
e d
hm
4. bc=1/20 span.
5. bc=30 cm.
. A
6. R
bc=1/15 floor height.
7. D
Edge beam depth ≥ 3ts
87
Flat Slab Example
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Ahmed M ELKholy 88
Flat Slab Example
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89
Flat Slab Example
AutoCAD DXF
1. Choose carefully & fix (0,0) point in CAD & SAP
2. Mesh 0.25x0.25 ~ 1.0x1.0 m2 oh ly
- K
L
3. Align the mesh at the beams lines, building edges
E
.
and lines separating different loads areas.
M
e d
4. A t least one joint must exist in the column C.G.
hm
5. Large columns may be represented by more joints.
. A
R
6. Avoid triangle and irregular elements shapes as
D
much as possible
7. Delete the openings.
8. Apply the rules given in slides 4~6 and 19~20.
9. Draw Slabs in CAD & (Col, beams, SW) in SAP 90
Flat Slab Example
Input
oh ly
1. Fcu=300 Kg/cm2
- K
2.
EL
Slab 22 cm “Isotropic == Material angle=0”
3. Beam B25X70
M .
e d
hm
4. Patterns: OW, Flooring, Wall& LL
5.
. A
Cases: Patterns
R
6.
7.
D
Combinations: DL & Work & Ultimate
Flooring=200 Kg/m2 & Walls=350 Kg/m2
91
Flat Slab Example
Material Angle
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
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hm
A
Isotropic
R.
D
92
Flat Slab Example
Input
Grid 9,10,1
oh ly
- K
L
X Spacing
.
1.82,3.87,2.87,1.63,1.63,2.87,3.87,1.82
E
e d M
hm
. A
R
D
Y Spacing
3.38,2.74,1.5,1.31,2.25,1.31,1.5,2.68,3.44
Ahmed M ELKholy 93
Flat Slab Example
Reactions
Display… Show Forces… Joints
Display … Show Tables..
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94
Flat Slab Example
RFT
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EL
M .
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R
D
95
Flat Slab Example
RFT
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EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
96
Flat Slab Example
RFT Details
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E L
M .
e d
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R
D
Ahmed M ELKholy 97
Flat Slab Example
RFT Details
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EL
M .
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D
98
Flat Slab Example
Development Length & Embedment Length
1. Item 4-2-5-1 ECP RC Structures
oh ly
- K
2. Ld ≥ Ld+0.3d from critical section (Column Face
E
for –M and mid span for +M) L
M
3. Le ≥ d & Le ≥ 0.3d+10Φ .
e d
Check Punchinghm
. A
R ≤ Eq. (4-32-a & 4-32-b & 4-33)
1. q=Qβ/b d (6-25)
D internal columns
0
2. β=1.15 for
3. β=1.30 for edge columns
4. β=1.50 for corner columns
99
Flat Slab Example
Check Deflection – item 4-3-1-1
1. ΔD+L+Creep ≤ L/250
oh ly
2. ΔD+L+Creep ≤ L/480
- K
“non structural elements likely to be
damaged by large deflection”
E L
3. ΔL ≤ L/360
M .
e d
hm
4. L?
5.
. A
Δ : from SAP or ∫MM/EI
6. R
Ie must be used for estimating Δ
7. D
Ie= (Mcr/Ma)3Ig+(1-(Mcr/Ma)3)Ic
8. SAP modifier= Ie/Ig
100
Project No. Date
DESIGN CALCULATION
Flat Slab Example SHEET Sheet No.
of --
Computed by
Batool
Subject
Checked by Approved by
_ _
oh ly
Building
Calculation of Deflection According to ACI 318M-05
- K
Concrete Compressive Strength (f'c) = 300.00 Kg/cm2 = 30.00 MPa
Concrete Modulus of Rupture (fr) = 3.40 MPa (Eq. 9-9)
Concrete Modulus of Elasticity (Ec) = 2.6E+04 MPa
E L (Clause 8.5.1)
.
n (Es/Ec) = 7.77 (Clause 8.5.2)
Section Properties
Thickness of Section (t)
Breadth of Section (b)
=
=
32.00 cm
e d
100.00 cm
M Depth of Ten. Reinforcement (d)
Depth of Comp. Reinforcement (d')
=
=
32.00 cm
3.00 cm
hm
Tension Reinforcement (As) = 14.00 cm2 Compression Reinforcement (As') = 8.00 cm2
Span (l) = 10.00 m
A
Nutral Axis Depth (z) = 7.06 cm
.
Gross Moment of Inertia (Ig) = 273066.67 cm4 = 2.73E+09 mm
4
R
Cracked Moment of Inertial (Icr) = 80276.33 cm4 = 8.03E+08 mm
4
D
Cracking Moment (Mcr) = 5.80E+07 N mm = 5.80 m. t (Eq. 9-8)
Service Straining Actions
Bending Moment Due to Dead Load only (Md) = 5.40 m.t = 5.4E+07 N. mm
Bending Moment Due to Live Load only (Ml) = 2.66 m.t = 2.7E+07 N. mm
% of Sustained Load from the Live Load = 50%
% of Gross Inertia Used in Calculation = 100%
Bending Moment Due to Sustained Load (Msus) = 6.73 m.t = 6.7E+07 N. mm
Calculated Short Time Deflection (Calculated by total or percentage of gross moment of inertia)
Deflection due to Dead Load (Δi)d = 0.3000 cm = 3.000 mm
Deflection due to Live Load (Δi)l = 0.1700 cm = 1.700 mm 101
Flat Slab Example
oh ly
Efffective Moment of Inertia (Eq. 9-7)
Under Dead Load Only (Ie)d = 273066.67 cm 4 = 2.73E+09 mm 4
Under Sustained Load (Ie)sus = 203400.45 cm4 = 2.03E+09 mm4
- K
Under Dead + Live Load (Ie)d+l = 151953.891 cm4 = 1.52E+09 mm4
Modified Short time Deflection
L
Deflection due to Dead Load (Δi)d = 0.3000 cm
. E
Deflection due to Sustained Load (Δi)sus = 0.5169 cm
Deflection due to Dead + Live Load (Δi)d+l = 0.8446 cm
M
Deflection due to Live Load (Δi)l = 0.5446 cm
Additional Long Term Deflection
e d (Clause 9.5.2.5)
hm
For 5 years or more (Δlong) = 0.91887 cm For 12 months (Δlong) = 0.64321 cm
For 6 months (Δlong) = 0.55132 cm For 3 months (Δlong) = 0.45944 cm
Results
. A
R
-- Flat roofs not supporting and not attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large defelections:
D
(Δi)l = 0.5446 cm < l/180 = 5.5556 cm
-- Floors not supporting and not attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections:
(Δi)l = 0.5446 cm < l/360 = 2.7778 cm
-- Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by
large deflections:
(Δlong) + (Δi)l = 1.4635 cm < l/480 = 2.08333 cm
-- Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements not likely to be damaged by
large deflections:
(Δlong) + (Δi)l = 1.4635 cm < l/240 = 4.1667 cm
102
Flat Slab Example
Reactions Slide 88 & Constraint Column Joints
oh ly
With Constraint
Without Constraint
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Change Label of
the master joint 103
Flat Slab Example
Advanced Import
1
Layer: SAP-Slab y S22
oh lSection:
2
- K
L
E
Layer: SAP-Slab-b Section: S22-b
3
M .
d
Layer: SAP-Slab-C Section: S22-C
4 e
m SAP-Col
hLayer:
A
Restraint
R.
D
104
Flat Slab Example
Stairs & Bathrooms
oh ly
- K
E L
Two alternatives
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
105
Flat Assignment Due
o l y
Raft AssignmentKhDue
L -
E Sep
Thursday .03
ed M
hm
. A
R Assignment Due
First Etabs
D
Thursday 10 Sep
106
106
Complex Model ho l y
- K
E L
M .
e d
m Model
Add hto
. A
R
from Template
D
107
107
Complex Examples
…Edit.. Add to Model from Template…
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
108
Define, S-Doom
Complex Examples R 2.5, Z divisions 6
Origin 10.181, 12.586
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
109
Complex Examples
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
110
R 2.5, Z divisions 6
Complex Examples Origin 10.215, 7.527
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Complex Examples
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
Slab edge must be aligned with
. A doom bottom edge
R at their intersection
D in DXF stage
112
oh ly
- K
E L
M .
Tanks
m e d
h
. A
R
D
113
Ahmed M ELKholy 113

Tanks
…Problem
oh ly
Bearing
Capacity
- K
=1.0 Kg/cm2
EL
=10.0 ton/m2
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Y Z
X
114
Tanks
…Model
oh ly
Grid
Quick Area
K
2
2
L -
2
. E
6 5 Areas
e d M
4
hm
3
. A
R
D
Assign… Area .. Reverse local 3
+3 face out
115
Tanks
…Model 0.5x0.5 m2
Edit… Edit Areas… oh ly

- K
L
Divide Areas …
(0.5x0.5 m2)
. E
e d M
hm
. A
R
D
116
Tanks
Define..J Patterns, ..Assign…Joint Patterns
oh ly
- K
Define
EL
Joint Patterns
M .
e d
Assign hm
Joint Patterns
. A
R
D
Water Pressure=3-(1)Z
117
Tanks
Assign… Area Loads… Surface Pressure
oh ly
- K
E L
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Ahmed M ELKholy 118

Tanks
Display… Show Loads…Area…Contours
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
119
Tanks
Assign…Joints OR Area … Springs
Alternative 1:: Area Springs
oh ly
- K
L
100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2)
E
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
120
2
Edge Joints
Tanks
Assign…Joints OR Area … Springs
oh ly
100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0. 5X0.25
Alternative 2:: Joint Springs
- K
1
E L 3
M .
e d
hm 100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0.25X0.25
. A
R
100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0.5X0.5
All Base Joints Corner Joints 121

Tanks
Run….Unstable!!
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Four corner points to get
symmetric deformed shape 122
Tanks
Deformed Shape
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d Uz
hm
Uy . A
R
D
Ux 123
Tanks
Spring Forces
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
124
Tanks
Moments & RFT
oh ly
Base RFT, M11 & M22
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
125
M11 Horizontal RFT M22 Vertical RFT
Tanks
Check Bearing Capcity
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
126
oh ly
- K
E L
M .
RAFT
m e d
h
. A
R
D
127
Ahmed M ELKholy 127

Ultimate Change DL+LL Column Loads are given in blue
RAFT
…Problem EQ Core Moments are given in Red
70 t 160 t
Patterns
oh ly
160 t
SDL 230 t 480 t
160 t
-K
300 t
SEX 130 t
L
360 ton 290 t 110 t
70 t
SEY
E
410 t
.
Mx=My=1100 mt 400 t 60 t
M
Cases 110 t 290 t 410 ton
Patterns+
e d Mx=My=1100 mt 140 t
hm
190 t
140 t
SEXN 140 t
SEYN
. A 200 t 240 t
R
100 t 200 t 280 t
Bearing D 60 t 180 t
Capacity 130 t
85 t
=2.0 Kg/cm2 t=110 cm
=20.0 ton/m2 Fcu=300 Kg/cm2 128
Change to
RAFT Ultimate
…Patterns, Cases, Combinations, Design M
oh ly
Patterns
SDL
SEX
- K
SEY
EL
Design
Cases
M .
SDL
d
SDLEX
Patterns+
hm e SDLEXN
A
SEXN SDLEY
SEYN
R. SDLEYN
Combinations
SDLEX
D
SDLEXN
SDLEY
SDLEYN 129
Patterns
RAFT SDL
…Loads SEX
SEY
oh ly
SEX
- K
EL
M . Load SEX & SEY will be
ed
explained in the lecture
hm
. A
R
D
SDL
Change to
Ultimate
Complete Raft in the two
SEY
center openings 130
Flat Assignment Due
Monday 08 Sep
oh ly
- K
L E
Raft Assignment
M . Due
e d
hm
Wednesday 10 Sep
. A
R
D
Etabs Assignment Due
Wednesday 17 Sep 131
131
oh ly
Brief Introduction L - K
. E
eto
d M
hm
.
ECL A 2012
R
D
Ahmed M ELKholy 132

Code ECL 2012
oh ly
.. L-K
. E
…
e d M
hm
. A …..
R
D
…….
133
oh ly
- K
E L
.
Etabs
.A
hm e dM
R
D
134
134
Ahmed M ELKholy
Etabs
DXF
1. Prepare DXF for different floors in Autocad as
oh ly
shown in the given practice in lecture.
1. -
Try to avoid triangle and irregularKelements shapes
E L
.
as much as possible
Choose carefully & fix M
d applicable for continuity of
2. (0,0) point in Cad & Etabs
3. The mesh should mbe
h e
.
the columns andA shear walls in all floors
R mesh in Cad many times before
workingD
4. Check your
on Etabs
5. Delete any thing on layer 0
6. Draw Slabs in Cad & (Col, beams, SW) in Etabs
135
Etabs
DXF
7. Large Columns supporting spaced parallel beams
oh ly
may be modeled using area elements.
- K
8. Two alternatives to model the retaining wall.
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
136
2-Units
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Ton-m
137
Grid 9,10
X Spacing
3- New,… edb 1.82,3.87,2.87,1.63,1.63,2.87,3.87,1.82
Y Spacing
oh ly
- K
3.38,2.74,1.5,1.31,2.25,1.31,1.5,2.68,3.44
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
4- Grid, Axes,R
D
Story data according your project
Master story & similar stories (F2 is master)
138
138
5- Etabs Commands & Icons
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
5- Options-Window-Change the windows number if
you want
. A
R
D One story
Similar stories
All
139
139
5- Etabs Commands & Icons
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
140
140
7- Define Design Data and Material (Slab,
Columns, Core..)
7- Design data (Options-Preferences-Concrete Frame
oh ly
Design/Shear Wall Design) ACI318-02 – Cm2 -
Cm2/m
- K
L
8- Material properties (Define-Material Properties-
E
.
Concrete 350) according the considered code
M
e d
hm
. A
R
D
141
9- Define Wall, Column, Beam, Slab
Sections
9- beams…. Define-Frame oh ly
sections (Add
- K
Rectangular) .. Make C30x100, C40x90, B25x60,
B12x60
E L
M .
m e d
h
9- slabs…. Define-Wall/Slab/..sections (Add slab, add
. A
wall) Make W30, W40, Slb20, Slb22 according the
considered R
D
code
142
9- Define Wall, Column, Beam, Slab
Sections
Columns Modifier Ieff=0.7Ig

oh ly
- K
Shear Walls Ieff=(0.70) or 0.50Ig (2008) 0.35Ig(2012)
EL
Beams
.
Ieff=0.5Ig (0.35Ig ACI)
M
d
Slabs Ieff=0.25Ig
hm e
Chapter 6 in Egyptian RC Code– Ch 8 Egy Code loads
. A
These modifier R
D
for M1,M2,M12
143
10- Import your DXF floors
File-Import-DXF floor plan
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
144
‫قطاعات مبدئية غيرھا بعد سحب المودل بالقطاعات الفعلية‬
‫امسح اي شىء على ‪layer 0‬‬
‫حدد نقطة صفر واحدة في ‪Cad & Etabs‬‬
‫‪oh ly‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬
‫‪M‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪hm‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬
‫‪R‬‬
‫‪D‬‬
‫‪145‬‬
‫المودل بعد سحبه و تغير قطاع البالطة بالقطاع الفعلى‬
oh ly
- K
E L
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
11-Select slabs then, Assign-Shell/Area-Wall/Slab
Section-Slb22 146
12- Draw Beams, Col, Shear walls
Draw beams, columns, shear walls with exact cross
sections in Etabs
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
147
sections in Etabs
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
148
sections in Etabs
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
149
13- Fix the base points
Select the base points and then, Assign-joints-
restraints and choose fixed
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
150
14- Define Diaphragms for floors
Menu: Define-diaphragm-D1,D2,D3,D4…..D10
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
151
151
14- Assign Diaphragms for floors
Menu: Select-by story- strory2
Assign-Shell-D2
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
152
After assigning all diaphrams
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
153
15- Mesh Shear Wall Areas D, L, Equivalent Static EQ
16- Define Static Load Cases ,…Temp, H, Wind, Snow
17-Define Response Spectrum Functions Only for

Spectra Method
oh ly
18-Define Response Spectrum Cases
-
19-Define Load Combinations ??Spectra or not?
K
20-Assign Loads …D, L, …
EL Retaining Wall !!..
21- P-delta Effect/Dynamic Analysis

M . Scale level
e d
hm
22- Define Mass source Scale 26- If Spectra Method is utilized,
the Base Shear of Spectra Method
23- Assign Piers
. A to the 0.85 Base Shear of Equivalent Static.
R …ECL2012 P141
D
24- Check model 27- Re-Run & Check Log File…
25- Run Analysis & Check Log File
26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
28- Checks: Mass Ratio, Drift, Overturning & Sliding
29- Read Straining Actions
15-Mesh (Vertically) Shear Wall Areas
..Two Alternatives 1- Bad Alternative
Edit… Mesh Areas ….
oh ly
2-Better Alternative
- K
Assign…Shell/Area…
E L
Area Object Mesh Options
M .
d
meshed
Correct
hm e
. A
Not
R
meshed
Wrong D meshed
Correct
meshed
Correct
155
16-Static Load Cases
..Define..Static Load Cases
Auto Lateral
Load Type SWM Comment
Loads
1 OW Dead 1
oh ly
Own Wight
2 SID Dead 0
- K
Flooring+Walls+….
L
3 LN Live 0
M .E ψ=0.25, Table 8-7
4 LG Live 0
hmed ψ=0.5, Table 8-7
5 LGT
.
Live
A 0 ψ=1.0, Table 8-7
R
D
6 EXA Quake 0 User Loads +X dir & Ecc=+0.05
7 EXB Quake 0 User Loads +X dir & Ecc=-0.05
8 EYA Quake 0 User Loads +Y dir & Ecc=+0.05
9 EYB Quake 0 User Loads +Y dir & Ecc=-0.05

156
17-Response Spectra Functions
..Define..Response Spectra Functions
1
oh ly
- K
2
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
4
3 157
18-Response Spectra Cases
..Define..Response Spectra Cases
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
158
19-Load Combinations..Define..Load Combinations
Combination Equation Comment Equ
1 SD OW+SID Service Dead (Deflection)
2 SL LN+LG+LGT Serivce Live (Deflection)
Static Load Combinations

oh ly
3 SDL OW+SID+LN+LG+LGT Serivce Dead+Live
4 UD 0.9OW+0.9SID Ultimated Dead
5 UDL 1.4(OW+SID)+1.6(LN+LG+LGT) Ultimated Dead+Live
6 UDLEXA 1.12SD+α SL+EXA
- K Ultimate Dead+Live+EX+ECC
7 UDLEXAN 1.12SD+α SL-EXA
E L Ultimate Dead+Live-EX+ECC
(3-5)
.
8 UDLEXB 1.12SD+α SL+EXB Ultimate Dead+Live+EX-ECC
M
9 UDLEXBN 1.12SD+α SL-EXB Ultimate Dead+Live-EX-ECC
10 UDLEYA 1.12SD+α SL+EYA
e d Ultimate Dead+Live+EY+ECC
hm
11 UDLEYAN 1.12SD+α SL-EYA Ultimate Dead+Live-EY+ECC
(3-5)
A
12 UDLEYB 1.12SD+α SL+EYB Ultimate Dead+Live+EY-ECC
13
14
UDLEYBN
UDEXA
R.
1.12SD+α SL-EYB
0.9SD+EXA
Ultimate Dead+Live-EY-ECC
Ultimate Dead+EX+ECC
15
16
UDEXAN
UDEXB D
0.9SD-EXA
0.9SD+EXB
Ultimate Dead-EX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+EX-ECC
(3-9)
17 UDEXBN 0.9SD-EXB Ultimate Dead-EX-ECC

18 UDEYA 0.9SD+EYA Ultimate Dead+EY+ECC
19 UDEYAN 0.9SD-EYA Ultimate Dead-EY+ECC
(3-9)
20 UDEYB 0.9SD+EYB Ultimate Dead+EY-ECC
21 UDEYBN 0.9SD-EYB Ahmed M ELKholy Ultimate Dead-EY-ECC 159
19-Load Combinations
…Define..Load Combinations
Combination Equation
oh ly
Comment Equ
- K
22 UDLSpecX 1.12SD+α SL+SpecX Ultimate Dead+Live+SpecX+ECC (3-5)
L
23 UDLSpecY 1.12SD+α SL+SpecY Ultimate Dead+Live+SpecY+ECC (3-5)
E
24 UDSpecX 0.9SD+SpecYX Ultimate Dead+SpecX+ECC (3-9)
25 UDSpecY 0.9SD+SpecY
M . Ultimate Dead+SpecY+ECC (3-9)
e d
hm
Dynamic Load Combinations
. A
R
D
160
20-Assign Loads
…Assign..Area Loads… Uniform
o l y
h cases
- K
Assign the loads for the slabs in the
SID, LN, LG & LGT
E L
M .
e d
m selecting the walls
Be careful and havoid
. Aassigning loads.
Assign R
when
DODNOT Assign loads to walls.

the loads to ONLY the slabs.
161
21- Dynamic & P-Δ Parameters
…Analyze..Set Analysis Options..
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
162
22- Mass Source
…Define..Mass Source..
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
163
24- Check Model
…Analyze..Check Model..
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
164
25- Run …Check log file
…Analyze.. Run..//// …File..Last Analysis log File
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
165
26- Scale the Base Shear for Spectra
Method
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Vdynamic
166
Method
oh ly
- K
E L
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
Vstatic
D
Must be equal to Base
Shear estimated manually
Ahmed M ELKholy 167
Method
oh ly
Item 8-7-3-3-1-8
ECL 2012
- K
E L
M .
Scale Factor SpecX= Scale Factor SpecX
e d
hm 0.85 Vstatic X
. A *
R Vdynamic X
D
Ahmed M ELKholy 168

Method
oh ly
Scale Factor SpecY= Scale Factor SpecY
0.85 Vstatic YL - K
* Vdynamic . E
e d M
Item 8-7-3-3-1-8
h m Y
ECL 2012
. A
RRe-Run
D
!!!
Check Log File
Check Base Shear
169
28- Check Mass Participating Ratios
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
Item 8-7-3-3-1-5
ECL 2012
≥ 90%
170
UDLSpecX Item 8-8-3-1-a
28- Check Drifts UDLSpecY ECL 2012
≤ 0.005
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
171
28- Check Sliding, Overturning
oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
172
23 & 29- Assign Piers, Read Results
oh ly
Select Every Column and Assign…Frame….Pier Label
- K
E L
Select Every Wall and Assign…Area….Pier Label
M .
e d
hm
. A
R
D
173
Read Results of Columns
Read Results of Shear
ly Walls
ho
Exporting Results toLExcel-K & CSI
. E
Pier Local
e d M Axes
hm
Design. A of Columns
R
D
Design of Shear Walls
Using Etabs (ACI 318)
Ahmed M ELKholy 174
oh ly
SAFEL-K
. E
Introduction
e d M
hm
. A Raft
R
D
Ahmed M ELKholy 175

Export Base Level to SAFE, New Safe File,
Import F2K file into SAFE 2
1 oh ly
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
3
. A
R
D
176
Check Columns Loads, Export to ACAD,
Adjust Point Style, Draw Raft boundaries, DXF..
5
oh ly
4
- K
EL
M .
e d
hm
A
6
R.
D
8
7 Then, save as DXF

& Exit ACAD otherwise
SAFE will not import DXF
177
Import DXF to SAFE, Define Material; Raft Section
&Soil Prop., Assign Section & Support Data ..
11
oh ly
9 10
- K
E L 12
M .
13
e d
hm
Columns & Walls Sections may be Deleted
A
to Provide Conservative Solution for the Raft
R.
D 14
15
178
Define Load Patterns, Load Cases, Mass Source,
Load Combinations (Working & Ult.), Auto Mesh …
18
oh ly
16
Delete Mass Source
K
17
L -
. E
Delete Dynamic Load Patterns
e d M
hm
Delete Dynamic Load Cases
. A
R
Make Service Load Combs
to check Bearing Capacity
D
19
D + αL/1.2 + E/1.4 (3-13-C ECP)
0.9D + E/1.4 (3-14-b) 20
Complete Load Combs

similar to Etabs File 179
Run, Check Bearing Capacity, Design the Raft and
find RFT meshes form M11 & M22, Punching..
oh ly
- K
E L
Service Dead+Live “Vertical Loads ONLY”
M . Ultimate Dead + Live to check
d
To check B.C. under Vertical Loads RFT under vertical loads
hm e
. A
R
D
Ultimate Envelope to check
Service Envelope to check RFT under Earthquake & Vertical Loads
B.C. under Earthquake & Vertical Loads 180

SAP Etabs Safe Course 475 (R) DR KHOLEY

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SAP Etabs Safe Course 475 (R) DR KHOLEY

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SAP - Etabs

Structural Analysis Program

Parallel to axis 1 at face+1

Compresses face+2 Parallel to axis 2 at face+1

Compresses face+3 Parallel to axis 3 at face+1

Positive Bending Moments

Positive Bending Moments

Load Case Load Combination

be created for every

e d Static Load Case

4* Draw the Structure

A linear variation in t2 for the rectangular shapeoh ly

D DL, LL, WLL, WLR

DL, LL, Work, Ultimate Alive Model &

D Increase 60 F on the top fiber

Case1: Temperature=+20 (+ increase)

Calculation of Deflection According to ACI 318M-05

Under Sustained Load (Ie)sus = 203400.45 cm4 = 2.03E+09 mm4

…Edit.. Add to Model from Template…

. A doom bottom edge

Ahmed M ELKholy 113

Edit… Edit Areas… oh ly

Ahmed M ELKholy 118

All Base Joints Corner Joints 121

Ahmed M ELKholy 127

Ahmed M ELKholy 132

Master story & similar stories (F2 is master)

Columns Modifier Ieff=0.7Ig

17-Define Response Spectrum Functions Only for

21- P-delta Effect/Dynamic Analysis

M .E ψ=0.25, Table 8-7

hmed ψ=0.5, Table 8-7

7 EXB Quake 0 User Loads +X dir & Ecc=-0.05

8 EYA Quake 0 User Loads +Y dir & Ecc=+0.05

9 EYB Quake 0 User Loads +Y dir & Ecc=-0.05

Static Load Combinations

17 UDEXBN 0.9SD-EXB Ultimate Dead-EX-ECC

M . Ultimate Dead+SpecY+ECC (3-9)

DODNOT Assign loads to walls.

Ahmed M ELKholy 168

Ahmed M ELKholy 175

7 Then, save as DXF

Delete Mass Source

Complete Load Combs

M . Ultimate Dead + Live to check

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