DEEP EXCAVATION

DIAPHRAGM WALL

ITALTHAI TREVI CO.,LTD

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Type of Rigid & Flexible wall
Type of Rigid & Flexible wall for Deep
Excavation work
 Sheet pile
 Steel Sheet Pile
 Concrete Sheet Pile
 Pile wall
 Tangent Pile
 Secant Pile
 Diaphragm Wall
Sheet Pile Work (Flexible Wall)
 What’s Pile Wall ?

- In-situ casting
concrete Bored Pile
- Continuous
Bored Pile (wall
behavior)
Plan View
Tangent Pile Wall

Pile wall used as permanent

retaining wall by capping
beam at the top
Secant Pile
A. Primary Pile (Female Pile)
The female pile will be constructed as
the primary piles for the secant pile
wall. The primary pile will be filled
with the specified strength of mass
concrete without any steel
reinforcement.
B. Secondary Pile (Male Pile)
The secondary pile will be constructed
in between the primary piles and
overlap with the primary piles with
the specified strength of concrete
after the reinforcement cages are
lowered into the bored hole. The
secondary pile formed by cutting into
the primary piles to form the
interlocking joint by using the
specified coring tools. The boring
process for the secondary pile shall
only commence upon initial set of the
primary piles.
Secant Pile
Diaphragm Wall Work (Rigid Wall)
 Comparison of wall (1)
Sheet Pile Pile Wall Diaphragm wall
Cost Low (35% cheaper High (20% cheaper than Highest
than DW) DW)

Waterproof Moderate Moderate (Good for clay Good

layer)
Construction Soft soil (not into Every type of soil Every type of soil
condition stiff clay, sand &
rock)
Ground movement High Low Lowest

Construction Time Longest (withdraw Moderate (permanent Short (permanent wall

sheet pile & need to wall but need to built and some built inner
built retaining wall) double wall) wall)
 Comparison of wall (2)
Sheet Pile Pile Wall Diaphragm wall

Construction area Smaller area Large area Large area

Depth of Shallow (Limited by Deep (Limited by sand Deepest

excavation area) layer in tangent wall)

Lateral load Lowest High Highest

resistant

Vibration& Noise Highest High Moderate

 Method and Type of Construction

Open excavation
Bottom-up excavation (Central Embassy)
Top-down excavation (MRT Blue Line – Wat Mangkon Station)

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 Central Embassy
• Central retail
• Area 12 rai
• 144,000 m2
• 40 Storey
• Shopping mall and hotel
• Bottom-up construction

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Working Area

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 SITE PLAN

Bentonite plant

Gate 1
Office
containers
Meeting room
Concrete plant
Storage area

Polymer plant
 Layout Plan
1 Vibration monitoring (Every day)
2 Sound monitoring (Every day) British Embassy
3 Ground settlement monitoring
4 Total suspended particulate DW 1.00 m. Barr. 1.20 m., 65.00 m. depth
SCC

DW 0.80 m. 15
 Central Embassy
Bored pile
• 0.80 m., 21.00 m. depth 71 No.
• 0.80 m., 56.00 m. depth 89 No.
• 1.00 m., 56.00 m. depth 130 No.
• 1.35 m., 56.00 m. depth 85 No.
• 1.50 m., 65.00 m. depth 53 No.
• 1.00 m., 65.00 m. depth (pile leg) 9 No.

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 Central Embassy
Barrette Pile & Diaphragm Wall
• 1.20 x 3.00 m., 65.00 m. depth 23 No.
• 1.00 x 2.70 m., 60.00 m. depth 27 No.
• 1.00 x 3.00 m., 60.00 m. depth 15 No.
• DW1.00 m. thickness, 25-30 m. depth 7,150 m2
DW0.80 m. thickness, 25-30 m. depth 4,510 m2

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Soil profile DW.

-24.00 m.
Clay layer 47 m. thickness

-30.00 m.

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 Prevention of Nuisance Pollution
• Temporary fence
• Inclinometer
• Compliance with EIA Requirements
 1 Vibration monitoring
 2 Sound monitoring
 3 Ground settlement monitoring
 4 Total suspended particulate

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Environment Parameter Measured by
Measurement
Frequency Standard*
index
Air Quality Total High volume Project life <= 0.33
Suspended air sampler time mg./m^3
Particulate
Matter
Sound 24 hours A Sound level Project life Avg. 24 hrs.
weighted meter time <= 70
Equivalent dB(A)
Continuous
Sound Level
Vibration Vibration Vibration Piling work life 1. f < 10 Hz
meter time 2. v <= 5
mm./sec

* Conform to the EIA report

Noise and Vibration

Measuring station
Noise
Noise
Vibration
Dust
CCTV Positions
 Bracing Section
SCC
Sheet Pile

20 m. 24 m.

DW DW

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Diaphragm Wall

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 Diaphragm Wall

Leakage

-20.00 m.

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 Water Leakage
Criteria
 Water leakage rate > 5 ml./m2/hr. (MRT)
Materials
 Polyurethane injection resin
 Waterplug
 Admixture (if required)
Equipment
 Mixture
 Manual driven pump
 Injection packer 30
Water Leakage Repairing

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MRT Blue Line (Wat Mang Kon Station)

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 Project Layout
 Diaphragm wall 1.20 x 40 m. depth
 Barrette Pile 1.20 x 65 m. depth with stanchion
 Soil Cement Column for diaphragm wall protection
 Existing pile extraction
 Top-down construction

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 Project Layout
Diaphragm wall 1.20 x 40 m. 17,700 m2
Diaphragm wall 0.80 x 25 m. 1,540 m2
Barrette pile 1.20 x 65 m. 17 No.
Barrette pile 0.80 x 40 m. 1 No.
Barrette pile 0.80 x 45 m. 1 No.
Stanchion 17 No.
Soil cement column 0.60 x 10 m. 197 No.

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Layout Plan

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Diaphragm Wall Panal

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 Old space Working area 7.543
m

Working area 9.543 More 0.80 m for

ITT Request m enough working area

Space
Section Plan

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Soil Cement Column

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Soil Cement Column

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Soil Cement Column

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 + 101.40 Stanchion
+ 96.00

+ 90.50

27.30 m.
+ 83.40

+ 74.10 3.325 m.

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Stop End

Total 20 tons

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Stop End

Total 20 tons

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Stop End

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Stop End Installation

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Procedure
Water stop & Stop end installation

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Chisel

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Dummy Hole

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The First Stanchion Fabrication in Dummy Hole

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Verticality Control

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 Drilling Monitoring Result

X-X Y-Y

Diameter Depth

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ตรวจสอบความเอียงหลุมเจาะ
Talalog

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ตรวจสอบความเอียงหลุมเจาะ
Talalog

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Steel Cage with The First Stanchion Installation
Steel Cage 25 ton

Steel Cage with Stanchion 30 ton

Service Crane#1 100 ton

Service Crane#2 70 ton

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Install 2 trimmie pipes with funnels connected with located frame

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Pouring concrete to its final level

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 Diaphragm Wall

+90.50

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Diaphragm Wall

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 Diaphragm Wall

+83.40

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 Diaphragm Wall

+74.10

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 Diaphragm Wall

+74.10

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 Diaphragm Wall

+101.40

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 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

บริษัท อิตัลไทย เทรวี่ จากัด

2035/55-56 อาคารอิตัลไทยทาวเวอร์ ถนน
เพชรบุรต
ี ัดใหม่ แขวงบางกะปิ เขตห ้วยขวาง
กรุงเทพฯ 10320 Tel. 0-27160074-6
E-mail trevthai@issp.co.th
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