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version be amplified to approximately

6dBm, plenty to drive a thermal power meter.
This amplifier was developed to amplify the output
froma 10GHz receiver with a 144MHzi toalevel The output modamp was chosen to have a high
F 1 *

capable of driving a Hewlett Packard power meter w iF

(HP432). It has many applications, from noise

occurs at about 7dBm output for a cw signal. For
*

noise measurements it is normal practice to expect

figure measurement/comparison in conjunction I J

with a calibrated noise source to sun/moon noise

measurements of EME equipment. Its main use to
cw vaiue, so it is recommended for highest accu
racy not to exceed about -3dBm noise output

using moon noise. For accurate noise measure power. This should give sufficient range to meas

ments
B

two ure say at least power 17dB oi sun noise, as the

main advantages over audio type power meters - it

meter would be measuring about -20dBm on cold
* F 4 I

sky, which is within the capability o an HP432

type power meter it the meter is zeroed frequently
amplifier) and the noise level does not iluctuate to
any noticeable extent. Audio measurements suffer to take account of any zero drift

from receiver age action, unknown detector char

acteristics etc which can ofter cause several dB
4 I V

error in , c> The construction of the amplifier is straightfor

tracking an accurate power meter is not required
ward. The component layout on the peb is shown
of course: I use a simple diode detector/op amp in Fig. 2. The peb is housed in a homemade box
B ¥

ii.
d of about 3dB *
w

material. The prototype used double-sided, with

The circuit diagram of the amplifier is shown in a
*

Fig 1. The amplifier consists of a BFR91 tuned

ing figures should explain the construction. The
input stage for low noise figure, driving a cascade
location of thepeb in the box is shown in Fig 3
of 4 modamps with stages coupled through 2
and Fig 6 shows how the connectors are fitted, by
chamber TOKO helical filters, which define the slots in the peb to accept the connector
bandwidth of the amplifier. The bias to the first
flange *

stage is adjustable to allow the desired output level

to be set for a wide range of input levels. The Details of the input coil are given in Fig 5. The bias
amplifier gain can be varied from 33 to 75dB. At inductors 0.3mm enamelled Lb are 15 turns of
the highest gain setting the noise output from a copper wire internal diameter 3mm, while the FB
typical converter (eg 3dB noise figure, 30dB con inductors were 1 turn of 0.3mm wire on a small

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