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1.0 FOREWORD:
The following pages of the report presents the details of sub-soil investigation carried out in connection with
design and construction of Type-III for ITBP, Basar, Arunachal Pradesh. The investigation was carried out
upto the terminating depth i.e. when SPT value exceeds 50 for 30 cm penetration. Summary of the units for
which sub soil investigation carried out are as follows:

Name of Unit No of Bore Holes Depth of Bore Holes

Type- III Quarters 2nos 6.00m

The test consists of conducting Standard Penetration Tests (SPT), collection of disturbed and undisturbed
soil samples and conducting required laboratory testing of soil samples to determine the physical and
engineering properties of sub soil. The field and laboratory tests were carried out during the month of
December, 2017. All the field and laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant IS code given norms and
specifications.

In order to make the report in all respect workable and handy the report has been compiled in the following
chapters
Chapter I : Foreword, Methodology of Investigation, Bore Hole Location etc.
Chapter I : Type- III Quarters
Geo Formation, Discussion, Conclusion & Recommendation, Bore Hole Log, Laboratory
Test Results, Bearing Capacity etc
Chapter III :Graphs & Curves
Mohr’ Circle, Bore Hole Location Plan

2.0 METHODOLOGY OF INVESTIGATION:

2.1 FIELD INVESTIGATION
 AIM OF INVESTIGATION: The investigation was planned to obtain the subsurface stratification in
the proposed project area and collect soil samples for laboratory testing of the same to obtain the
physical and engineering properties to arrive at the foundation design parameters.

 METHODOLOGY: For Geotechnical investigation work, boring and sampling work, auger and shell
with tripod and all boring accessories, boring was advanced according to the specifications
mentioned in the scope of work. The rig deployed is suitable for and has arrangement for driving as
well as extracting casing, boring, conducting Standard Penetration Test (SPT), collection of
Disturbed Soil Samples (DS) and Undisturbed Soil Samples (UDS). The boring rig is installed in the

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specified bore hole locations. Stability of rig has to be ensured by making the ground level. Boring is
done as per relevant IS code IS: 2132-1972 or according to the site condition.

 STANDARD PENETRATION TESTS: Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) are conducted in bore
holes to obtain the ‘N’ values i.e no of blows of 63.5 kg hammer falling freely from 75 cm height
required to penetrate 30 cm of SPT split spoon. This test is conducted as per IS-2131. The ‘N’
values are indicative of the relative density of cohesionless soil and consistency of cohesive soils.

 COLLECTION OF SAMPLES: Sampling in the bore hole is carried out generally as per the
guidelines given in the relevant IS code IS: 2132-1972. The samples collected in the split spoon
sampler during SPT are treated as disturbed samples. Undisturbed samples are also taken at 1.50
m interval upto where is required. All the samples are marked with identification numbers indicating
depth, number and type of samples etc. duly packed and preserved for laboratory tests.

 WATER TABLE: Natural water table depth below existing ground level are recorded after 24 hours
of boring.

2.2 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION

For proper identification and classification of the sub soil deposits and for deriving adequate
information regarding its relevant physical and engineering properties, the following laboratory tests
were conducted on the soil samples. The laboratory testing was done following the testing
procedures given in the relevant parts of IS - 2720.
 Grain size analysis: The sieve analysis were done from disturbed soil samples as per code IS:2720
(part iv)-1975 to determine the various constituents in order to classify the different soil samples.
 Natural Moisture Content: Natural Moisture Contents of the soil samples from the bore holes at
different depths were measured in the laboratory and the values are indicated in the report in tabular
form. These tests were done from undisturbed soil samples.
 Bulk density and Dry density: Bulk density of the soil samples from the bore holes at different
depths were measured in the laboratory and the values are indicated in the report in tabular form.
Dry density is calculated from the values of Bulk density and Natural Moisture Content by using
simple formula. These tests were done from undisturbed soil samples.
 Liquid limit and Plastic limit (AtterburgLimis): The Liquid limit and Plastic limit of the fine grained
soils were determined from disturbed soil samples as per code IS:2720 (part iii)-1970 in order to
classify and to obtain the plasticity of the soil samples.
 Specific Gravity: The specific gravity of the soil samples were found by pychnometer procedure
from disturbed soil samples and the results are indicated in the report in tabular form.
 Shear Tests (Tri Axial): Shear tests were done from undisturbed soil samples to determine the
shear properties of soil samples by using tri axial apparatus in case of cohesive soil and from
disturbed / remoulded sample by direct shear test in case of cohesionless soil.

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
 Consolidation Tests: Consolidation tests were done (where required) from undisturbed soil
samples to determine the consolidation properties of soil samples.

3.0 BORE HOLE LOCATION:

The bore holes at the proposed site have been fixed according to the site condition and in consultation with
the client. The bore hole locations are presented in the annexure.

4.0 CORRECTION OF STANDARD PENETRATION TEST

In fine sand and silt below water table the observed SPT value is corrected as follows:

a) Overburden pressure Correction:

As per Peck et al (1974), the N/ value obtained in the field should also be corrected for overburden pressure
by the following equation:
N = 0.77 N/ log10 (2000 / p0/)

Where
N = adjusted standard penetration test value,
N/ = standard penetration resistance as actually recorded
p0/ = effective overburden pressure in kPa

b) Dilatancy Correction:

N = 15 + ½ ( N/ - 15 )
Where
N = adjusted standard penetration test value, and
N/ = penetration resistance as actually recorded or as corrected in above
Note: The sub soil is not saturated and hence no SPT correction is needed in any one of the
locations. .

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5.0 BEARING CAPACITY:

Bearing capacity is calculated for shallow foundation using IS code method (IS 6403 : 1981) for Isolated
square footing.. The following formula is used for the purpose.
From clause 5.1.2 of IS 6403 : 1981
The ultimate net bearing capacity
(a) In case of general shear failure, when Φ > 360
qd = C Nc Sc dc ic + q (Nq –1) Sq dq iq + 0.5 B  N S di w/
(b) In case of local shear failure, Φ < 280
qd = 2/3 C Nc/Sc dc ic + q (Nq/ –1) Sq dq iq + 0.5 B  N/ S di w/

where, C = cohesion
Nc,Nq, N, Nc/, Nq/ ,N/ = Bearing capacity factors obtained from Table 1, Clause 5.1.1
dc, dq, d = Depth factors obtained from Clause 5.1.2.2
Here dc = 1 + 0.2 Df/B tan (45 + Φ /2)
Where Df = Depth of foundation
B = Breadth of footing
Φ = Angle of shearing resistance
dq, d = 1 + 0.1 Df/B tan ( 45 + Ǿ/2) when Φ > 100
anddq, d = 1.0 when Φ < 100
Sc, Sq, S = Shape factors obtained from Table 2, Clause 5.1.2.1
Here, for square footing Sc = 1.3, Sq = 1.2,S = 0.8
ic, iq, i = Inclination factors = 1.0, since the load is vertical
w/ = Water table correction factor = 0.5
q = Over burden pressure = sub x Df
Using a factor of safety of 3.0 for both square and strip footing we get
Net safe bearing capacity qns= qd/3.0
Safe bearing capacity qs = qns + q

Bearing capacity is calculated for each unit at different depths. The bearing capacity values along
with one sample calculation is shown in respective chapters.

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Recommendations:
The following recommendations are made for design and analysis of footing for proposed structures

Type of Footing Recommended Depth Net Safe Bearing

Recommended of Footing (m) Capacity (t/m2)

Isolated / Combined 2.00m from existing

11.02 t/m2 at 2.00 m
Open Footing Ground Level

Note: The above are our considered opinion only. If the designer after proper calculation of loads
and moments wants to place the footing at depth other than recommended above, then the
respective bearing capacity can be taken from the Bearing Capacity Table given below in the report.

Recommended Lowest Bearing Capacity Values at Different Depth

Cohesion
Depth of Footing below Angle of Internal Net Safe Bearing Safe Bearing
‘C’
Existing Ground Level (m) Friction (degree) Capacity (t/m2) Capacity (t/m2)
(kg/cm2)

1.50 0.22 8.5 9.86 11.36

2.00 11.02 12.72
2.50 12.29 14.79
3.00 0.18 25.0 18.57 21.57

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6.0 REFERENCES:
1. IS : 1498 – 1970
2. IS : 2131 – 1981, IS : 2132
3. IS : 2720 – 1970
4. IS : 6403 – 1981
5. IS : PART-III, 1973
6. PunmiaB.C
7. Murthy, V.N.S
8. Terzaghi and Peck R.B
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: Classification and identification of soil for General Engineering
Purposes
: Method of Standard Penetration Tests
: IS code for laboratory tests
: Bearing capacity of shallow foundation
: Code for Pile Foundation
: “Soil Mechanics and Foundation”
: “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”
: “Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice”
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