“CSU FREE WIFI; ITS AFFECT THE

ACADEMIC PERFORMACE”

SUBJECT: METHOD OF RESEARCH

SUBMITTED BY: ROMMEL C. ANNATU

DYLAN JOE T. ZAMORA
ANGEL GREGG D. ALVAREZ

SUBMITTED TO: Sr. KHELVIN CARINO

CHAPTER
1
 INTRODUCTION

Technology can be defines as applications, instruments, or processes that enhance or simplify the
aspects of everyday life. The vehicle you use to drive to work is an example of technology that
simplifies life. The internet as a whole, can be seen as technology that has greatly enhanced our
lives.

While the introduction of the internet led to many benefits, unfortunately, it also came with its own
set of problems. Most significantly, these problems can negatively impact your security and
privacy.

Let address some advantages and disadvantages of the internet, and what you can do to keep your
security and privacy intact. One of the advantages of Wi-Fi convenient location within their
primary networking environment (a home or office), with the increasing saturation of laptop-style
computers, this is particularly relevant.

One of the advantages of free Wi-Fi is that students and some workers use this to open some sites
that are prohibited and they are abusing the freeness of Wi-Fi or internet connection.

Having a free Wi-Fi for students in some school has a good benefits for them but sometimes this
also causes the bad behavior and attitudes of student.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. Profile Variable
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Grades in accounting
d. Time spend in using Wi-Fi

2. What are the effects of using Wi-Fi to the student based on the following criteria:
a. Grades in accounting subject
b. Learning style
c. Learning behavior

3. What is the academic performance in accounting?

4. Is there a significant relationship between student’s ways in using free Wi-Fi and their
academic performance?
 HYPOTHESIS

1. There is no significant relationship between the use of a free Wi-Fi and the grades in
accounting subject.

2. There is no significant relationship between the use of a free Wi-Fi and the learning style
of the CBEA students.

3. There is no significant relationship between the use of a free Wi-Fi and the learning
behavior of the CBEA students.

4. There is no significant relationship between students ways in using free Wi-Fi and their
academic performance.
 RESEARCH AND PARADIGM

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

1. Profile Variable Student

a. Age Academic
b. Sex Performance
c. Grade in accounting
subject
d. Time spend in using
free Wi-Fi

Figure 1: Relationship of the independent variable and dependent variable.

 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

Learning is the aspects of development that can notes modification of behavior, skills and
knowledge that result from practice and experience which sought for quality education.

The generation of this present study could be a great contribution to vast knowledge in relation to
student’s achievement. Vital result of this investigation about highly significant specially to the
following:

Students. They are considered the main concern in the educational practices. The findings of
research will inspire, enlightened and become beneficial to the student of Cagayan State
University-Aparri

Teachers. This refers to professional teachers who took the four years course program of Bachelor
of Tertiary Education. In this study, they are the instruments in the materialization of the
government educational program.

School Administration. Will be gratify insights as to what measure appropriate to help the
teachers orient both student and teacher regarding using free Wi-Fi in the campus.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Anti- Wi-Fi advocates suggest that wired connections are suitable alternatives for internet access.
The reality is that devices with network ports are becoming increasingly hard to find on
contemporary laptops. But it is not just computer. Entire new line of devices such as tablets, c-
readers, and smart phones, have no physical network connections. Restricting Wi-Fi means an
entire generation of technology that is often easier of younger students to use than a traditional.

Wi-Fi is a radio based wireless network. Wi-Fi is often called WLAN (wireless LAN), Wi-Fi,
“Wireless Network” or just simply wireless.

A wireless LAN need an access point that computers, phones, and other devices can connect to.
Those devices that connected to the wireless network, the router usually fulfills the role of the
access point. Since most home routers have one built in, but you can connect to your network in
case your router does not have built in wireless LAN or if you want to upgrade your wireless
network.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are defines in the context there is being use in the study:

Internet: The intern is a global network connecting millions of computers.

Performance: An action in which excellence or superiority defends primarily or abstract mental

ability, any action requiring the manipulation of any sort.

Social network: A network of social interaction and personal relationships.

Website: A location connected to the internet that maintains one or more web pages.

Age: The length of time that a person has lived or thing has existed.

Sex: Either of two main categories (male and female) into which humans and many other living
things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions.

Accounting: Is the systematic and comprehensive recording of financial transactions pertaining

to a business, and it also refers to the process of summarizing, analyzing, and reporting transaction
to over sights agencies and tax collection entities.

Learning style: Is an individual’s unique approach to learning based on strengths, weakness, and
preference.

Learning behavior: Is response to a stimulus.

 SCOPE AND DELIMINATION OF THE STUDY

This study compile with the researchers started from August 21 up to December 12, 2017

Out of 1,000 students of CBEA students, 25 students were used as a sample in conducting the
survey.

This study limits its coverage on the student of Cagayan State University- Aparri. Its main purpose
is to identify if using a free Wi-Fi is affects the academic performance of the CBEA students.

This study considered every aspects of student’s personal information that has impact on their
academic performance such as their parents educational background, their parent’s income, their
gender, age and location. Each of the respondents are given same questionnaires to answer and
this study focuses on the CBEA students.
CHAPTER
2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Impact of the Internet on Academic Performance of the students
The literature review will highlight academic, social and recreational oriented internet utilization,
their respective impacts on academic performance, gender differences with regard to the internet
utilization, investment made on Information Communication Technology (ICT) by the
Universities around the world and ICT associated problems.

Academic oriented internet utilization

The academic oriented internet utilization is confined to the specific use of the internet for
academic purposes; using the internet to do research, assignments, classroom tasks, home works
and class presentations. Researchers and Academicians have been debating about the students’
academic performance being influenced both positively and negatively with the increasing internet
usage (Englander, Terregrossa & Wang, 2010). Present scenario shows that the number of students
accessing internet multiplies every year. Hence if the students access the internet for academic
purposes student’s academic performance will be enhanced (Brown, Ellore & Niranjan, 2014). A
non-profit organization- EDUCAUSE (located in Colorado, USA) conducted a survey in 2011
gathering 3000 college undergraduate students from 1179 US colleges and universities. The survey
showed that students used the internet for personal use and academic discourse while students also
felt that cyber classrooms empowered students to learn more compared to the conventional
classroom methods (Dahlstrom, Boor, Grunwald &Vockley, 2011). Young (2006) conducted a
research on the ‘Effect of the Internet and Social capital on Academic performance in Korea.’ The
result showed that only the students with better academic grades spent more time on the Internet
than others. Also more than a half of the survey respondents considered the Internet the most
important information source for widespread knowledge, wisdom, and entertainment. Suhail and
Bargees (2006) indicated that academic oriented internet usage impacts education in a positive
way by increasing communication with classmates and professors, providing easy access to
libraries and educational databases, and improving study hours and study habits. so, the internet is
an essential part of learning for almost every college student in United States. They are benefited
by internet specifically while conducting research, seeking new ideas and communicating with
their resource guides and friends (Jones, Johnson-Yale, Perez & Schuler, 2007). Matthews and
Schrum (2003) conducted a survey at a large public university in southeast of United States, study
showed a significant positive correlation between grade performance and perception of the Internet
as a useful academic tool. Cheng and Huang (2005), conducted a survey at a major University,
they found that using the Internet significantly correlates with the students insight of learning as
well as their job prospects. According to Cameroon researcher Mbah (2010) students from the
University of Buea are of the view that ICTs have a positive impact on their study habits, although
90% of male students support this view withregard to 73% of female students. Data reveals that
University students daily use ICTs to support their studies. As such study habits are basically
improving because ofwide use of the internet, hypertext, and multimedia resources (Mbah, 2010).
In the context of developing countries, Okello-Obura and Magara (2008) investigated electronic
information access and utilization at the East African School of Library and Information Science,
Makerere University, Uganda. Out of 250 targeted students, 190 responded, giving a response rate
of 76%. The study revealed that users derived a lot of benefits from academic oriented internet
usage (electronic resources) gaining access to a wider range of information and enhanced academic
performance as a result of access to quality information.Some authors have suggested that the
Internet has positive effects on academic achievement through the use of educational software, and
the provision of useful information (Borzekowski & Robinson, 2005; Jackson, von Eye, Biocca,
Barbatsis, Zhao, & Fitzgerald, 2006).

Social oriented internet utilization

Socialoriented internet utilizationis restricted to use of the internet for social communication and
interaction such as various social networking sites. The Internet addiction is defined as, “an
individual’s inability to control his or her use of the internet, which eventually causes
psychological, social, school, and/or work difficulties in a person’s life” (Chao and Hsiao, 2000).
Addiction to social oriented internet use can affect a student’s academic performance negatively
(Brown, Ellore & Niranjan, 2014). Akhter (2013) found that academic problems caused by the
internet addiction include decline in study habits, drastic drop in grades, missing classes and poor
integration in extracurricular activities. Moreover some college students seem to have impacted
adversely on their academic performance by social oriented internet utilization. Research findings
have shown that excessive use of the Internet or Internet addiction adversely affects one's physical
health, family wellbeing and academic performance (Akhter, 2013). One of the most commonly
used purposes of the Internet is social oriented such as facebook, Twitter, MySpace, and LinkedIn
etc. Other uses of the Internet like online streaming media usage will potentially influence
student’s academic performance (Coyne, Padilla-Walker & Howard, 2013). A survey conducted
by Englander, Terregrossa & Wang (2010) showed a negative relation between the amount of time
spent on the Internet per week and students exam performance in a micro-economic class. Social
use of the internet such as online social media has become prominent in student community. Thus
academic institutions and faculty are concerned about its impact on academic performance.
According to Paul, Baker and Cochran (2012) the time spends on online social networks pose
significant negativity on academic performance of the students. This view was further supported
by Kirschner and Karpinski (2010) saying that excess involvement or obsession with social
networking by students can have negatively impact academic performance. Researchers have
hypothesized that college students are at particularly high risk for developing internet addiction
(Akhter, 2013). The possible reasons could be available free time, no monitoring because of being
away from parents and sometimes to get away from tough University routine (Kandell, 1998). On
the basis of the existing literature it was theorized that internet addiction would have negative
impact on academic performance of the University students. However, some researchers have
suggested negative impacts of the Internet use on academic outcomes (Choi, 2007; Sirgy, Lee,
&Bae, 2006) as cited in (Kim, 2011). Excessive Internet use has been associated with problems
withperforming daily routines, academic performance, and family relationships (Rickert, 2001).
Also studies have shown that social and recreational use of the Internet was associated with lower
academic achievement (Kim, 2011).

Recreational oriented internet utilization

Recreational use of the Internet will be defined as using the Internet for recreational and
entertaining purpose such as online gaming, watching online movies and listening to online music.
The proportion of time a college student will spend on recreational oriented purposes: online
movies, music, gaming etc. and for academic purpose could significantly determine the success of
a student (Brown, Ellore & Niranjan, 2014). The primary reason for internet use by adolescents in
South Korea are for entertainment or recreation followed by information seeking, stress reduction
and socialization (Kim, 2011). Majority of the parents expect their children to use internet for
educational purposes (Lenhart, Raine & Lewis 2001), as cited in (Kim, 2011) while teens prefer
to use the internet for socializing and entertainment (Lenhart, Msdden & Hitlin 2005) as cited in
(Kim, 2011). Internet use differs among the South Korean girls and boys. It was found that boys
tend to use internet for playing online games whereas girls are more likely to use internet for
watching online classes and blog more frequently and longer than boys.

Gender difference and the internet usage

Numerous previous studies have documented that boys uses the Internet more frequently, for
longer and for a wider variety of uses than girls do (Gross, 2004; Haythronthwaite & Wellman,
2002). They tend to spend more time alone online than girls engaged in gaming (Subrahmanyam,
Kraut, Greenfield & Gross, 2001). Weiser (2000) reported significant gender difference in the
internet usage. He reported that males tend to be more familiar with the computers and the internet
as compared to females. Similar results were reported by Morahan-Martin and Schumacher (2000)
that males were morelikely to be pathological internet users than females. Also Akhter (2013) that
male students spent more time on the Internet than do their female counterparts and male gender
is a significant predictor of the internet addiction. Gender differences in adolescent Internet use
have also been reported across countries. For instance, males have been found to have a greater
amount of frequency and motivation of the Internet use with Romanian and Dutch children
(Durndell & Haag, 2002; Valkenburg & Soeters, 2001), American college students (Schumacher
& Morahan-Martin, 2001), English secondary school students (Madell & Muncer, 2004), Israeli
school students (Nachmias, Mioduster, & Shelma, 2000), North Cyprus adolescents (Bayraktar &
Gun, 2007), Greek adolescent students (Siomos, Dafouli, Braimiotis, Mouzas, & Angelopoulos,
2008), and Hong Kong adolescents (Ho, & Lee, 2001), as well as Korean adult users (Rhee &
Kim, 2004). Scherer 1997 as cited in Akhter, 2013 suggested that proportion of man using the
internet is large as compared to woman. The only reason was females often receive more family
supervision than man in eastern cultures (Tsai. Et al., 2009) as cited in (Akhter, 2013)

Investment on ICT
The Internet delivers multi opportunities for academia and has relatively heightened the scope of
the academic learning. The method of educating through text book oriented learning in a class
room has been partly replaced by the internet (Njoku, 2015). Generally many countries see ICT
(internet) as a gateway for the raising of educational standard (Noor-UI-Amin, 2013) as cited in
(Albugami & Ahmed, 2015). US spend more than $10 billion annually in educational technology
in public schools (Brunk, 2008), while Australia spends approximately AUD$ 8 billion (Lane,
2012). In 2007, Saudi government invested almost £ 2 billion in reforming and improving
education using modern technology. The heavy investment was made to introduce training and
developmental programs for educators to ensure sufficient use of ICT in education and to facilitate
learning for students (Tatweer, 2015) as cited in (Albugami & Ahmed 2015). As per the Education
ICT Master plan of Bhutan, the overall proposed budget for school IT in the 11th five year plan
was roughly estimated at Nu.127.97 million for recurring budget andNu.780.2 million for capital
budget. The rationale behind huge investment on ICT education was to augment the education
quality and to strengthen the institutional capacity of the education system ( Department of
Information Technology and Telecome, 2014). These figures of public expenditure on ICT
development shows that ICT gained priorityin academic space. However, other studies have found
no significant evidence of computer technology use and positive school outcomes (Malamud &
Pop-Eleches, 2008; Shapley, Sheehan, Maloney & Caranikas- Walker, 2008) as cited in (Kim,
2011). A recent study based on a survey given to one million children by Vigdor and Colleagues
(Clotfelter, Ladd & Vigdor, 2008) has revealed that high speed internet availability is associated
with less educational use of computers and lower math and reading test scores.

Potential problems related to the Internet

Universities around the world are investing hugely in information technology (IT), specifically for
the internet, and are actively encouraging and promoting the internet use (Awais Bilal, Usman,
Waqas & Sehrish, n.d). From a student’s perspective, learning using online tool is
multidimensional. It may entail a multitude of variables such as prior student knowledge of IT,
experience in its usage, perceptions of IT usage, computer competencies, and background
demographics (Awais, Bilal,Usman, Sehrish & Waqas, n.d.). From the perspective of Saudi ICT
directors, head teachers, teachers and students ICT was perceived as an important tool in
improving performance, collaborations and learning experience and learning outcomes. However
some challenges that affect the application of ICT in Saudi schools are lack of space, resources,
maintenance, lack of ICT skills among schools along with a lack of ICT trainings and a lack of
ICT polices (Marshall & Taylor, 2015). Regional Study Center Logs indicated that many
Bhutanese students use the internet for surfing resources for assignments, presentations and
discussions (Jamtsho & Bullen, 2007). Their research also showed that ICT (internet) based
learning adds value to learning and improve the quality of the learning experience in Bhutan.
However, seeking full integration of ICT into educational arena has become difficult for
developing country like Bhutan owing to the technical difficulties, lack of internet access, low
bandwidth and relatively low ICT background. The Internet use for education is receiving
recognition in Nigeria because of the need for most institutions to operate distance-learning
programs and the need to connect academic faculties to global resources for improved teaching
and research (Osunade, 2003). So the internet has become essential to learning mode for those
aspiring to learn through distance-learning. The Internet can be a great tool for students of all ages
in regard to school chores, particularly those in belonging to rural or small town areas. From long-
distance learning opportunities, to online tutoring, to access to academic journals from the various
part of the globe, the Internet can provide students a wealth of assistance. According to the 2013
Digital Future Report (August 28, 2013), 40 percent of parents surveyed reported that their
children had experienced an increase in grades through the use of the Internet. Similarly for
Bhutan, a conference proceeding for the Dzongkhag Education Officers in 2013 revealed that
introduction of ICT has been the major breakthrough to improving the quality of education through
innovation and provision of pedagogy materials and skills among students (Ministry of Education,
2014). Moreover, the number of students exceeding 176,647 studying in 553 schools and 109
Extended Classrooms (ECRs) taught by more than 7,932 teachers, the integration of ICT (internet)
in education has become paramount (Ministry of Education, 2012). However, there is no study
done on the impact of the internet on academic performance of the Bhutanese students. It’s still
not known whether the impact is adverse or positive. Though the engagement of Bhutanese
students in non-academic oriented internet usage is seeable, it’s difficult to apply the western views
of impact of the internet on academic performance to Bhutanese students owing to the poor quality
ICT infrastructures in Bhutan.
CHAPTER
3
 RESEARCH DESIGN

Educational research is the application of the scientific and disciplined inquiry, approach to the
study of educational problems and the primary goal of educational research is to explain and help
understand educational issues, question, and processes. Secondary goals of educational research
are to help others understand, predict future outcomes, improve future research and practice, and
raise new question to research.

Scientific and disciplined inquiry approach is distinguished by four crucial steps. These are:
recognize and identify a question or a problem to be studied, Described and execute procedure to
collect information about the question and problems being studied, Analyze the collected
information, and state the results or implication based on the analysis of the information.

Based research is conducted to develop or refine theory, not to solve immediate practical. Applied
research is conducted to find.
 LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The school we have chosen is the school where the researchers are assigned in their field study
research subject. This school is now having the name as Cagayan State University situated at
Barangay Maura, Aparri, Cagayan. It is headed by the said school is a small only and as perceived
in the school. It has only small population to accommodate.

LOCATION MAP
 RESPONDENTS
AND
SAMPLING PROCEDURE

The study will use of 25 respondents of CBEA students from Cagayan State University-Aparri.
The respondents are those who are officially enrolled in Cagayan State University-Aparri. Those
respondents were selected on the judgement of who has best qualify in answering the specific
question of the research. Best qualifier were respondents who actually often experience the
despoiled of the said factors affecting their study.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The questionnaires will be the major instrument used in this study so that we are secure
despondence to certain question. The question that we used in this study we designated to the effect
of a free Wi-Fi in academic performance of the students.

Open minded questions will be used to give the respondents the opportunity to give their response
and suggestions.

The questionnaires will prepare by the researcher was develop by reading reference materials and
related about the effects of a free Wi-Fi in academic performance of the students..
 DATA GATHERING
The researchers will provide the questionnaires to students who are enrolled in Cagayan State
University-Aparri because of their involvement in this study.

The handling of questionnaires will be done personally by the researchers and facilitated by the
retrieval of responses. The procedure also enabled the researcher to conduct interview at the same
time consecutively. The researchers collected the answered questionnaires.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT
The respondents made by students describing their socio-demographic profile, preference of
choosing their career, and anticipated problem were presented. For instance, sex, age, grades in
accounting, time spend in using Wi-Fi. This was also applied for top three career choice and
student preference in making his career choice. In providing overall picture of the socio-
demographic profile and career preference. As well as anticipated problem is pursuing their studies
and its effect on student summary presentation will also presented.
Sex
1. Male
2. Female
Age
1. 14-15
2. 16-17
3. 18 and above
Grades in accounting
1. 65-70
2. 71-75
3. 76-85
4. 86-99
Time spend in using Wi-Fi
1. 1hr
2. 2-3hrs
3. 4-7hrs
4. 8-12hrs