Legal Research & Dissertation

ON

EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE : HOW BANGALDESH CAN

RECOVER IT.

Course Title- Legal Research & Dissertation

Course Code- LLBH4228

Submitted To-

Syed Robayet Ferdous

Assistant Professor, Southeast University

Submitted By-

Md Sahidul Islam Howlader

ID No- 2011120300062
Semester- Fall 2014
Department of Law & Justice
Southeast University

Date of Submission: 26-Dec- 2014

 Acknowledgements

In the very beginning I want to thank my Almighty 'Allah' for giving me the strength to collect
the information about the "Effect of climate change : How bangladesh cen recover it ".

I would like to take the opportunity to thank many wonderful people specially Al-amin and Billal
have assisted me through this journey.

I would like to thank my parents, rest of my family and friends for the constant support and
encouragement they have given me through the year. Their level of support was truly amazing
and for that I am forever grateful to them.

I would like to thank in particular, Syed Robayet Ferdous Department of Law & Justice,
Southeast University who gave me valuable guidance and consultation to make my report more
effective. It was a great pleasure to have his as my supervisor.

I would also like to thank all academicians and teachers who provided the initial opportunity for
my participation on the LL.B (Hon’s) course and which eventually allowed me to this program.

Finally, I would like to thank the librarians of SEU who helped me to use the library resources.
Their participation was an integral part in the study and completion of my research &
dissertation.

With thanks.

...................................
Md Sahidul Islam Howlader
ID No-20111120300062
Semester- Fall 2014
Department of Law & Justice
Southeast University
 Declaration

I am, Md Sahidul Islam Howlader, ID No. 2011120300062, a regular student of Bachelor of Law
program under the Department of Law, SEU; do, hereby, declare that the work presented in this
research is the outcome of the investigation, performed by me under the supervision of Syed
Robayet Ferdous, Department of Law & Justice, and Southeast University.

I also declare that, this monograph or no part hereof has been or is being submitted elsewhere for
the award of any extent.

Countersigned Signature

............................... ....................................
Syed Robayet Ferdous Md Sahidul Islam Howlader
Assistant Professor ID No- 20111120300062
Department of Law & Justice Semester- Fall2014
Southeast University. Department of Law & Justice
Southeast University.
 LRTTER OF TRANMITTAL

Date: 15-DEC, 2014

To
Syed Robayet Ferdous
Assistant professor
Department of Law & Justice
Southeast University

Subject: Submission of Legal Research & Dissertation on “Effect of climate change : How
bangladesh cen recover it"

Sir,
Most respectfully I beg to submit my Legal Research & Dissertation on " Effect of climate
change : How bangladesh cen be recover it" for your kind consideration.

Your Most Obedient Pupil.

....................................
Md Sahidul Islam Howlader
ID No- 2011120300062
Semester- Fall 2014
Department of Law & Justice,
Southeast University
 ABSTRACT

Climate change is an important issue in the world that must be addressed by all nations
multilaterally. It is certainly one of this country’s greatest destabilizing force which undermines
our global economy and threatens our health. Bangladesh is one of the largest deltas in the world
which is highly vulnerable to natural disasters. In the coming decades bangladesh will be the first
on ranks as the nation most vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Because Bangladesh is
an extremely crucial issue in climate change. However the solutions can be significantly improve
if developed countries must slow the growth of emission by 15-30 parcent Carbondioxide within
2020 with support from industrialised nations, protect tropical forest with a spacial funding
mechanism, replace dirty fosil fuel energy with renewable energy, reject false solution like
nuclear energy and the government should take neccessary steps.

Keyword;climatechange,CO2,CFC, vulnarable, atmosphere, global worming, ecosystem,

biodiversity
 Abbreviations

AEC Asian emerging countries

AF Adaptation Fund
AGF Advisory Group on Climate Change Financing
BASIC Brazil, South Africa, India, and China
BCCFT- The Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund
BDF Bangladesh Development Forum
CCDF,B Climate Change Development Forum, Bangladesh
CCF The Climate change Fund
CCSC Climate Change Steering Committee
CDMP Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme
CE Clean energy
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon
CIF Climate Investment Funds
CSRL The Campaign for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods
DMC Developing member countries
ECA Ecologically Critical Area
EIT Economies in transition
EPA Environmental protection Agency
EU-15 The European Union-15
GCF The Green Climate Fund
GHG Greenhouse gas
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GOB Government of Bangladesh
IFI International Financial Institutions
INC Initial National Communication
IPCC The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
LDC Least-developed countries
MDTF Multi Donor Trust Fund
NAMA Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Program
NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
ODA Official development assistance
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
SCCF The Special Climate Change Fund
SIDS Small Island Developing States
SNC The Second National Communication
UNCED United Nation Conference on Environment & Development
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
WMO World Meteorological Organization
 TABLE OF CONTENT
Page No
Chapter- 1
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER
01Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………..1
1.2Scope of the study……………………………………………………………...........................2
1.3 Limitation of the study………………………………………………………………………..2
1.4 Object of the study…………………………………………………………………………....3
1.5Methodology of the study…………………………………………………………………....3
1.6Litarature review……………………………………………………………..……………....4

Chapter- 2
CLIMATE CHANGE
2.1Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….5
2.2Backround …………………………………………………………………….…………….6
2.3What is Climate? …………………………………………………………………………...6
2.4What is Climate Change?…………………………………………………………………...7
2.5The climate change as a common issue for the world……………………………………...8
2.6Why is climate change a concern?..............................................................................................9
2.7How the climate is changing?...................................................................................................10
2.8Causes of climate change…………………………………………………………………..11
2.8.1Natural Causes of Climate Change………………………………………………11
2.8.2 Volcanic eruptions……………………………………………………………….11
2.8.3 Ocean current……………………………………………………………………11
2.8.4 Earth orbital changes……………………………………………………………12
2.8.5 Solar variations…………………………………………………………………12
 Chaptar-3
HUMAN CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
3.1 Human Causes of Climate Change…………………………………………………….13
3.2 Greenhouse Gases……………………………………………………………………….13
3.2.1 What Are Greenhouse Gases………………………………………..14
3.2.2 Atmospheric Level is increasing as a result of Greenhouse Gases…14
3.2.3 How the Greenhouse gases are produce…………………………....14
3.3 Climate Change as a result of Global Warming…………………………………………15
3.4 What is Global warming………………………………………………………………….16
3.4.1 Reason behind Global Warming……………………………………16
3.4.2 Consequence of Global warming………………………………….16
3.4.2.1 Weather patterns………………………………...17
3.4.2.2 Health……………………………………………17
3.4.2.3 Wildlife…………………………………………...17
3.4.2.4 Glaciers & sea levels……………………………..17

Chapter -4
ADVERSE EFFECT: GLOBAL ISSUE

4.1 Climate Change Effect on Environment…………………………………………..........18

4.2 Climate Change Effect on weather……………………………………………………..18
4.3 Temperature Rise………………………………………………………………………..18
4.4 Ice Melt…………………………………………………………………………………..19
4.4.1 Change of Sea Level……………………………………….………….19
4.5 Impact on Bio-Diversity…………………………………………………………………20
4.6 Earth darker place……………………………………………………………………….20
4.7 Ocean Acidification……………………………………………………………………...20
4.8 Physical impact…………………………………………………………………………..21
4.9 Ozone layer depletion………………………………………………………………….....21
 Chapter- 5
ADVERSE EFFECT: BANGLADESH CONTEXT

5.1 Natural Disasters…………………………………………………………………………..22

5.2 Cyclone…………………………………………………………………………………….23
5.3 Hurricane………………………………………………………………………………….23
5.4 Flooding…………………………………………………………………………………....24
5.5 Urban Flooding……………………………………………………………………….........24
5.6 Shortage of Water Resources……………………………………………………………..24
5.7 Heat Weaves and milder winter……………………………………………………...........25
5.8 Health and Disease………………………………………………………………………..25
5.9 Impact on Agriculture………………………………………………………………………25
5.10 River Bank Erosion………………………………………………………………………26
5.11 Local climate Change……………………………………………………………………27
5.11.1 Bio-Diversity of Sunder bans under threat………….…………...........27
5.11.2 The life of Dhaka city under threat as a result of climate change….28
5.11.3 The Environment of Chittagong city under Threat…………………..28

Chapter-6
MITIGATION OF ADVERSE EFFECT

6.1Mitigation policies of adverse effect…………………………………………………………29

6.2Greenhouse gas concentrations and stabilization…………………………………………30
6.3 Energy consumption by power source……………………………………………………….31
6.4 Making the emitting of CO2 illegal………………………………………………………….32
6.5 Subsidies……………………………………………………………………………………..32
6.6 Carbon emissions trading……………………………………………………………………32
6.7 Implementation………………………………………………………………………………33
6.8 Funding……………………………………………………………………………………....33
6.9 Legal action………………………………………………………………………………….34
 Chapter- 7
CLIMATE CHANGE FUND

7.1 Meaning of the Fund……………………………………………………………………...35

7.2 Climate Change Fund……………………………………………………………………..35
7.3 Why Climate Change fund is needed……………………………………………..............36
7.4 How the fund is developed......................................................................................................36
7.5 What activities are supported by the fund…………………………………….………….36
7.6 Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund Act, 2010…………………………….……….36
7.7 Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF)…………………………….………..37
7.8 What initiative is taken by the Bangladesh…………………………………….………...37
7.8.1 Vision 2021………………………………..……………………………..37
7.9 Bangladesh demands fund for population at risk…………………………………....…..38
7.10 Rules for safe climate: Bangladesh Established Environment Court…………………38
7.11 How Bangladesh can be benefited from the Climate Change fund……………………38
7.11.1 The way to Benefited……………………………………………………38
7.11.2 How to get benefit from CCF…………………………………………..38
7.12 How Bangladesh can be benefited from CCF on the Preferential basis ……………………39

Chapter- 8
BANGLADESH RESPONSE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
8.1 National Policies Response………………………………………………………………….40
8.2 Climate Change Strategy and Action plant……………………………………………….40
8.3 Financing Climate Change Adaption and Mitigation Action Plant………………………40
8.4 Recent Development in Government Policy………………………………………………..41
8.5 Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association…………………………………………42
8.6 The Bangladesh National Adaption Program of Acton…………………………………..43
8.7 Recommendation ……………………………………………………………………………43
8.8 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………..45
9. References……………………………………………………………………….…………..47
 Legal Research & Dissertation
ON:

EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE : HOW BANGALDESH CAN

RECOVER IT.