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Fluid Statics
3.1 Hydrostatic Pressure
• Fluid mechanics is the study of fluid in motion.
• Special case: NO motion at all.
• Fluid statics - determine the stress field.
1 = 2 = 3
Notes:
• Normal stress at any point in a fluid in equilibrium
is the same in all directions.
• This stress is called hydrostatic pressure.
• Pressure has units of force per unit area.
F = pA [N/m2]
• If =(y), then:
∫dp = -g ∫(y)dy
3.3 Horizontal distribution of pressure
• Consider a convenient element of liquid
• Force balance:
p1A = p2A
p1 = p2
F = pcgA
Fv Fv
Curved submerged surface - summary
• Horizontal force = Equivalent vertical plane force
• Vertical force = Weight of fluid directly above
(+ Free surface pressure force)
b,c
a,d
W = FB = gV
W - the weight of the body
• For a body in a fluid of varying density, e.g. ocean,
the body will sink or rise until it is at a height where
its density is equal to the density of the fluid.