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Closed Tank Level Measurement using DP Select Ca

Transmitters
 S Bharadwaj Reddy  2 Comments Like our

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Hydrostatic head instruments for measuring liquid level in vessels operating above atmospheric pressure uses the full capability
of the di erential pressure instruments with both sides of the measuring element connected to the vessel.
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The di erential pressure transmitter, enables an automatic subtraction of the pressure on the LP side, from the total pressure

ALLappearing at the BASICS

HP side. This is accomplished
 as shown in diagram above,
Q & Awhere the LP is connected above the
 maximum
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 predicted level. With this arrangement, each increment of pressure above the liquid surface is applied to both capsule assemblies Inst Too
of the transmitter, and since they are in opposition, the increment is cancelled. Only the hydrostatic pressure, which is applied to
the HP, is e ective in causing any response to the transmitter, which is proportional to the level.

The DP transmitter have inbuilt pressure sensors like Diaphragm, capsules, strain gauges etc to measure the di erential pressure.
The pressure sensor converts the measured pressure into parameters like millivolts, capacitance, resistance etc depending on the
type of pressure sensor we are using inside the DP transmitter. Generally a Wheatstone bridge will be used to convert resistance,
capaciatance or inducatance type of pressure sensor outputs into electrical signal like millivolts or volts which is proportional to Languag
the pressure, then transmitter converts the pressure into equivalent Level Signal accordingly.
Select La
The tank bottom tapping point is High pressure (HP) tapping point and Tank top tapping is Low Pressure (LP) tapping point. The
DP Transmitter is connected at these HP & LP tapping points accordingly.

The DP Transmitter calibration parameters will vary depending on installation & seal system also. Generally we can see three
possibilities of installation of a transmitter in the eld.

They are :

1. Transmitter installed Exactly at HP tapping point ( Ideal & preferred way of installation)
2. Transmitter installed above HP tapping point ( Not preferable, Chance of bubble formation in the impulse line)
3. Transmitter installed below HP tapping point (Error can be compensated e ectively)

So we have to calibrate the transmitter depending on the type of installation in the eld. The calibration formula will vary slightly
depending on the installation.Every transmitter have two important parameters, they are Lower Range Value (LRV) & Upper Range
Value (URV). We have to calculate the LRV & URV values based on type of installation. The below gures with formulas dictates the
calculations. After calculating the values, con gure the same parameters in the transmitter using HART communicator.

Here we are discussing two types : Wet Leg & Dry Leg

Wet Leg : if LP impulse line is lled with liquid like water, glycol, glycerin or liquid inside tank

Dry Leg : if LP impulse line is lled with air, gas or any other gases.

The hydro static pressures applying on DP transmitters will vary depending on wet leg or dry leg. so we have to consider these &
calibration formula also varies accordingly.

We can only decide for a particular DP transmitter is having Wet leg or Dry leg from the eld installation & its process application.
Sometimes we can make a dry leg installation into wet leg by lling water into the LP impulse line also.

Transmitter mounted leveled with the min. level

 

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 With wet leg ;

Span = ρp • g • H , or, = SGp • h

With dry leg ;

Span = ρp • g • H , or, = SGp • h

Transmitter mounted above the min. level

ALLWith
ANIMATION
wet leg ; BASICS  MEASUREMENT  CONTROL SYSTEMS  Q&A  ELECTRONICS  ELECTRICAL  TOOLS MORE  
 Zero Elevation = − (ρf • g • x)

Span = ρp • g • H

With dry leg ;

Not preferable

Therefore, for calibration;

4mA (LRV) = Min. Head + Zero Elevation

20mA (URV) = Span + Zero Elevation

Transmitter mounted below the HP tap ;

With dry leg ;

Pw at min. level = (SGf • x)

Pw at max. level = (SGf • x) + (SGp • H)

Span = SGp • H

With wet leg ;

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 Zero Suppression = − (ρf • g • h) ,or, = − (SGf • h)

Span = ρp • g • H , or, = SGp • H

Therefore, for calibration;

4mA (0%) = Zero Elevation

20mA (100%) = Span+Zero Suppression

Transmitter mounted below HP tapping point  & Minimum Level is Elevated

With wet leg ;

Pw min = (SGp • y) − (SGf • d)

Pw max = (SGp)(x + y) − (SGf • d)

Span = ρp • g • x , or = SGp • x

With dry leg ;

Pw at min. level = (SGf • z) + (SGp • y)

Pw at max. level = (SGf • z) + (SGp)(x+y)

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 Span = SGp • H

NOTE:

ρp = density of process liquid in the tank

ρf = density of ll-liquid in the tubing
ρu = density of upper liquid
ρl = density of lower liquid
SGp = std. gravity of process liquid.
SGf = std. gravity of ll liquid
SGu = std. gravity of upper liquid
SGl = std. gravity of lower liquid
Pw = equivalent head of water

Article Source : N. Asyiddin

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2 comments
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 Noor 8 months ago

If SG in close tank is ckle, sometime the value of SG is 0,8 and sometime 0.9, do we have to use wet leg or dry leg??

Reply

jairo francisco 6 months ago

Muito show! Translated : Great!

Reply

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