Summary :

The advancement of concrete technology in recent years has made it possible

to produce concrete with different strengths. Specification of materials Concrete
is different for different strengths, and hence the concrete response to the
applied load is always different. So expect It is going to provide a mathematical
equation that can express concrete stress strain in a wide range, difficult task
Be On the other hand, providing a relationship that expresses the concrete
stress-strain behavior in the nonlinear analysis of finite element structures
Concrete is very important.
In this paper, while presenting some experiments carried out on concrete
samples, the relationships provided by numerous researchers
Has been investigated and compared with empirical results and the scope of
application of each of these relations will be expressed. At
Conclusions will be given on how to use any interface for various concrete
strengths.

Keywords: Compressive Strength of Concrete, Stress-Strain Curve, Uniform

Pressure, Laboratory Samples

1 – Introduction
Concrete behavior under single stress stresses is nonlinear, and this is due to
the expansion of fine cracks in The contact area between the grains and the
cement mortar (transitional area). Generally when loading in the beginning
Small cracks are formed at the contact surface of grains and mortar because
the transition zone has a weak connection Between mortar and grain. As long
as the stress is less than 30% of the compressive strength of the concrete, this
The fine cracks are relatively stable and do not expand, and it can be said that
the behavior of the concrete in this elastic region Is linear. With increasing
stress to 80% of the compressive strength of concrete, small cracks in the
transitional region of growth They expand and expand, which reduces the
hardness of materials and, as a result, the nonlinear behavior of concrete. after
The limitation of fine particles inside the hydrated mortar expands widely and
causes expansion
Volume and consequently increase Poisson's coefficient. After the tension is maximized
stress fc cracks in the mortar
It grows up and becomes striped and reduces applied load and as a result the strain
softness response They get Finally, when the cracks in the transfer region and the
cracks in the mortar collapse, fail together Connected and lead to discontinuous failure
levels.
2-Pressure stress-strain curve-concrete equations
Generally, the single-action behavior of concrete is expressed in terms of tensile
stress-compression strain. Figure (1) This curve is in
The general state and form (2) show it for various resistances [1]. In nonlinear
analysis of finite element
Concrete reinforced structures require a mathematical equation for the stress-
strain curve of concrete. In this part of
The research of some mathematical equations presented by numerous
researchers has been investigated.
: [2] Hognestad equation - 1-2
This equation for the ascending branch is presented as a partition and for the
downstream branch line:

Reinforced concrete used finite element components of the curve, which was
based on the results of experiments carried out by Cear Van and Sears [6]. The
ascending branch of this curve is the equation (7) of the equation and its
descent is chosen as a straight line. The starting point of this line is the point (,)
cc σ ε (0.2, 4) and the end of that point c cf ε. 'In this fc, the cylindrical
relationship' is the compressive strength of the standard εc standard and 'fc is
strain like tension'