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Strut and tie method for pile cap

1.IRC-78 clause 709.5.1-Design of pile cap


709.5.4-If the thickness of pile cap is 1.5 times the diameter of piles then it can be considered as rigid and designed as Thic

2.IRC-112 Clause 7.1.2


Clause 7.1.2.1-This clause allows use of strut and tie method where stiffness of structural elements is based on assumption

3.AS the indian code does not clearly specify nodal verification requirements for Strut and Ties models hence based on pref

4.Minimum reinforcement is checked based on ductility demand chapter 16 IRC-112 for deep beam.It is done so as pile cap
as rigid and designed as Thick slab or by using 'Strut and Tie' method.

ents is based on assumption based on clause 7.2(1)-(a,b)

models hence based on prefrence of codes BS EN 1992-1-1:2004 is used

eam.It is done so as pile cap is a flexure member in genral and we are using strut and tie anlogy for design.
IBDAS V1.12-1k 22-MAR-18 15:40:15 PAGE 1
C:\IbdasJobs\A109933\Intersection\Top_basis\EPP_Ou
PC81163 Job:A107308 User:ccam
ETABLE0001 in: POST600:1<global
State: phase1000 at time=155.0days in CONSTRUCTION1<'construction'100<'b_c'4<global

ProjData string1、 Mumbai Trans Harbour Link - Package 1 - Detailed Design


ProjData string2、 Sewri interchanges : Ramp X - from XP1 to XP10
ProjData string3、 Model ver. 0.1
ProjData string4、
Date、 22-MAR-18 15:40
File、 PC81163 C:\IbdasJobs\A109933\Intersection\Top_basis\EPP_OUTPUT
IBDAS User、 CCAM
IBDAS version、 1.12-1K
Analysis、 SERANL600:1<global CONANL1000<'b_c'4<global
Phase and time、 PHASE1000 AT TIME=155.0DAYS in Construction1
Phase Name、 completed bridge - age 0 year
EPP Pile forces
Lookup
4500min NSga1el1sl6se1pa6101
4500min NSga2el1sl6se1pa6101
6000 6001 6002 6003 6004
sis\EPP_Ou P1 P2 P3 P4

case criterion s[m] y[m] z[m] Ns[MN] My[MNm] Mz[MNm] Vy[MN]


4500 min NS -1.75 0 1.792 -0.8701 0.4189 0.082 0.0009
4500 min NS -1.75 0 1.85 -0.8701 0.4223 0.082 0.0009
6005 6006
P5 P6

Vz[MN] Mt[MNm] gaus element slice segment part


-0.0582 0 1 1 6 1 6101
-0.0582 0 2 1 6 1 6101
load description
combined temperature
combined temperature
1.Material
Characteristic strength of concrete fck =
Yield strength of steel Fyk =
2.Design input
Layers of reinforcement LYR =
Diameter of main bars LYR1 =
LYR2 =
LYR3 =

Diameter of spacer bars =


Diameter of distribution bars =
Diameter of stirups =
Spacing of main bars =
Spacing of stirups bars =
Spacing of distribution bars =

3.Dimensions

pile cap side along centre line of bridge Lp =


pile cap dimension transverse to centre line of bridge Bp =
Pier dimension along the center line of bridge Lc =
Pier dimension transverse to centre line of bridge Bc =
Thickness of pile cap Th =
Diameter of pile Dp =
Spacing between piles along the center line of bridge S =
Clear cover for durability Co =
Crack Width w =

4.Forces
ULS
Maximum vertical force P1 =
P2 =
Crossponding horizontal force along the bridge H =

SLS_Quasi permanent
Maximum vertical force P1 =
P2 =
Crossponding horizontal force along the bridge H =
45 N/mm²
500 N/mm²

2
25 mm
25 mm
0 mm

25 mm
25 mm
25 mm
150 mm
150 mm
150 mm

8500 mm
4000 mm
2000 mm
2000 mm
2700 mm
1800 mm
5400 mm
75 mm
0.2 mm

0.8701 MN
MN
0.5 MN

2 MN
MN
0.5 MN
1.Analysis
Dimensions for strut and tie model
a =
b =
d =
Design value of concrete compressive strength Fcd =
Design yield strength of steel Fyd =
Angle between strut and load α =
Angle between strut and tie θ =

2.Analysis for ULS


critical vertical force V =
H =
Compression in strut 870.1/SIN(49.5) C =

Tensile force in ties T =

Bearing area required for strut C/Fcd


Area of strut �=max⁡((𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃(� 〖��〗 ^2)
,𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃(�∗𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛⁡𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ⁡∗𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛⁡𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ/2))

2.Design
Effective width for force distribution from piles Deff =
Area of steel required T/Fyd As =
spacing of one bar per layer s1 =
s2 =
s3 =
Area of one bar per layer LYR1 =
LYR2 =
LYR3 =
Area of steel per layer a1 =
a2 =
a3 =
Area of steel provided Area
CG of set of reinforcement from bottom of pile cap =

Provide spacing of
<=
3.Verification of nodes

At node A CCC node Fcu=𝑚𝑣�𝑐� =


m =
v =
Stress at maximum compression face of node =

At Node B CTC node Fcu=𝑚𝑣�𝑐� =

Maximum stress in concrete at CTC node =

4.Check for maximum and minimum reinforcement


Minimum main reinforcement

deepbeam criteria Am=0.0015Ac =

Maximum allowed reinforcement =

5.Surface reinforcement

Area of surface reinforcemenAsurf =


maximum spacing allowed for control of cracking =
Diameter of bar used =
Area of steel provided =

6.Distribution reinforcement
0.15%Ac Ad =
spacing of distribution bar =
Diameter of distribution bar =
Area of steel provided =

7.Top face reinforcement (in both direction)

Area of surface reinforcemenAsurf =


maximum spacing allowed for control of cracking =
Diameter of bar used =
Area of steel provided =

9.Stress check for crack width (SLS)


critical vertical force(SLS) V =
H =
Compression in strut 2000/SIN(1800) C =

Tensile force in ties T =

Area of strut �=max⁡((𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃(� 〖��〗 ^2)


,𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃(�∗𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛⁡𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ⁡∗𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛⁡𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ/2))
Stress in concrete =
Stress in steel =

Maximum spacing allowed =


Maximum diameter of bar allowed =
500 mm
2700 mm
2575 mm
20 N/mm²
435 N/mm²
41 Degree
49 Degree
Angle is as IRC per clause

870.1 kN
500 kN
1144 kN

1243 kN

56936 mm²
1520595 mm²
Safe

4000 mm
15450 mm²
150 mm
150 mm
150 mm
491 mm
491 mm
0 mm
12763 mm²
12763 mm²
0 mm²
25525 mm²
125 mm

150 mm
250 mm

20.25 N/mm²
1
0.45
0.45 N/mm²
Safe

20.25 N/mm²

0.45 N/mm²
Safe
15450 mm²

15450 mm²

270000 mm²
ok

2025 mm²
200 mm
16 mm
2589 mm²
OK

32831 mm²
150 mm
25 mm
27489 mm²
OK

6375 mm²
200 mm
25 mm
20862 mm²

2000 kN
500 kN
2631 kN

1709 kN

1520595 mm²

1.7 N/mm²
67 N/mm²

25 mm
200 mm
Table 12.2-maximum bar diameter for crack control

Steel stress Maximum bar size(mm)


Wk=0.3mmWk=0.2mm
160 32 25
200 25 16
240 16 12
280 12 -
320 10 -

Table 12.3-maximum bar spacing for crack control


Steel stress Maximum bar size(mm)
Wk=0.3mmWk=0.2mm
160 300 200
200 250 150
240 200 100
280 150 50
320 100 -
Pile1 Compressio Tension Diameter spacing distribution Shear ties
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
P16

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