INDEX

CONTENTS PAGE NO

ABSTRACT I
LIST OF FIGURES II
LIST OF TABLES III

1. INTRODUCTIONS 1
1.1 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 1
1.2 CHARACTERISTICTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 1
1.3 APPLICATIONS 2
1.4 CLASSIFICATIONS 3
1.4.1 RTS CLASSIFICATIONS 3

2. LITERATURE SURVEY 4
2.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 4
2.2 SOLUTIONS 4
2.2.1 BARCODE VS RFID 5

3. RFID BASED SMART TROLLEY 6

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6
3.2 DESCRIPTIONS 7
3.3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 7

4. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 9
4.1 ARDUINO UNO 9
4.1.1 MEMORY 14
4.1.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT 14
4.1.3 COMMUNICATIONS 15
4.1.4 USB OVER CURRENT PROTECTION 15
4.1.5 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 15
4.2 RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION 16
 4.2.1 OVERVIEW OF RFID 16
4.2.2 HISTORY OF RFID 16
4.2.3 DESIGN OF RFID TAGS 23
4.2.4 DESIGN OF RFID READERS 24
4.2.5 RFID SIGNALING 25
4.2.6 WORKING OF RFID TAGS AND READERS 25
4.2.7 RFID APPLICATIONS 27
4.2.8 MFRC522 RFID 27
4.3 LCD DISPLAY 29
4.4 BUZZER 31
4.5 CONSTRANT POTENTIOMETER 31
4.6 POWER SUPPLY 31

5. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 32
5.1 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO IDE 32
5.2 FEATURE OF ARDUINO BOARDS 33
5.3 ARDUINO LIBRARIES USED 40
5.3.1 ARDUINO UNO FUNCTIONS 40
53.2 LCD FUNCTIONS 42

6. PROJECT CODE 44
6.1 SOURE CODE 44

7. RESULT ANALYSIS 49
7.1 RELEVANT CODES AND RESULTS 49
7.2 FINAL DESIGN 49
7.2.1 RFID READ 50
7.2.2 READING VALID AND INVALID CARDS 50
7.2.3 TOTAL BILLING 50
7.2.4 PORODUCT DEDUCTION 51

8. ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS 52

8.1 ADVANTAGES 52
8.2 APPLICATIONS 52
9. CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE 53
9.1 CONCLUSION 53
9.2 FUTURE SCOPE 53

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY 54
 ABSTRACT

Now a day’s shopping at big malls is becoming daily activity in metro cities. We can see big
rush at these malls at holidays and weekends. This crowd becomes huge when there are special
offers and discount. People purchase different items and put them in trolley. After total
purchase one need to go to billing counter for payments. At billing counter the cashier prepare
the bill using bar code reader which is very time consuming process and results in long queue
at billing counter. To get rid of this, we have proposed a new ‘Smart Shopping Trolley using
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)’.This implementation is used to assist a person while
shopping and also to avoid standing in long queues and thus saving time.

Presently available billing system in the shopping malls are using barcode scanner. The cashier
in the billing system scans the items using barcode scanner and gives us the total bill. For that
method the customers have to wait in a long queue and this makes them to lose interest in
shopping.

The proposed system is to reduce the waiting time of customer in shopping mall. This system
consists of microcontroller, RFID Reader and tag and LCD display. RFID is interfaced with
microcontroller. Each and every product containing RFID tag has a unique number so, it is
used to identify the product. The RFID reader get the information about the product from the
tag, when the customer put the product into the trolley, the details about the products
programmed in microcontroller compare the product details with its database to the details to
the LCD. At that time customer can able to see the product details such as name, price of the
product in the LCD, when the customer want to return the product from the trolley simply the
customer can press the remove button and takes off the product from the trolley. So that the
quantity and cost of the product will be reduced from the total amount.

I
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO NAME OF THE FIGURE PAGE NO

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 6
3.2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 7
4.1 ARDUINO UNO PIN DIAGRAM 9
4.1.1 ARCHITECTURE 11
4.1.2 PIN CONFIGURATION 11
4.2 ANTENNA STRUCTURE 18
4.3 RFID TAGS 22
4.4 INTERNAL WIRING OF RFID TAGS 26
4.5 TAGS 27
4.6 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 28
4.7 PIN DIAGRAM 29
4.8 LCD 30
4.9 POTENTIOMETER 31
5.1 INTRODUCTION 32
5.2 USB CABLE 34
5.3 DOWNLOADING ARDUINO IDE 35
5.4 LAUNCHING ARDUINO IDE 36
5.5 CREATING NEW PROJECT 36
5.6 OPENING EXISTING PROJECT 37
5.7 SELECTING ARDUINO BOARD 38
5.8 SERIAL PORT 39
5.9 UPLOADING PROGRAM 39
7.1 PROTYPE OF THE SYSTEM 49
7.2 READ MODE 50
7.3 INVALID CARD 50
7.4 BEFORE ADDING ITEMS 51
II
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO NAME OF THE FIGURE PAGE NO

7.5 TOTAL BILL 51
7.6 BEFORE WITHDRAWAL 51
7.7 AFTER WITHDRAWAL 51

II
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO NAME OF THE TABLE PAGE NO

2.1 BARCODE VS RFID 5
4.1 ARDUINO UNO SPECIFICATION 10
4.2 RFID FREQUENCY BANDS 25
4.3 PIN WIRING 28
4.4 ADDRESS LOCATION FOR A 1x16 LINE 29

III