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CIRCULAR MOTION……………..
YOU SHOULD KNOW:
1. For steady circular motion
i. v = rω
ii. T = 2π/ω
iii. f = 1/T
iv. f = ω/ 2π (w in rad s-1, 2π rad = 3600)
2. Acceleration in circle
i. a = v2/r
ii. a = rω2
(v changes in direction but not in magnitude, so steady speed)
3. Centripetal force F = mv2/r or F = mrω2
(F always acts towards the centre of the circle)
4. Conical pendulum resolve tension horizontally ( = mv2 / r ) or vertically ( = mg).
It is usual in circular motion to measure θ not in degrees, but also in radians (rad).
1 radian = 57.30
2π radians = 3600
10 = π/180 rad
1 rad = 180/π
(You will only be considering objects moving at a steady speed in a circular fashion. A change
in speed changes the radius of motion, which can force you to have to get messy with math.
We are considering cars on tracks, weights twirled on string, etc)
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(Simple pendulum)
1. T = 2π √l/g provided very small angle of oscillation and very small mass
RESONANCE
1. At resonance,
External frequency = natural frequency, amplitude large
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CIRCULAR MOTION
centripetal force………
Q3: A conker of mass 0.05 kg is twirled on a string vertically at a constant speed. Its circular
path is of radius 60 cm and its angular speed is 15 rad s-1
a. find the tension in the string in the “3” positions shown
A
O B
C
b. why is the string more likely to break in position C?
(Keeping the angular speed constant is actually impossible, but don‟t let that stop you enjoying
yourself answering this lovely question)
Remember that the centripetal force is result of other forces acting
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CIRCULAR MOTION
Q4: A child is sitting on a fairground. The ride turns through one complete revolution every
four seconds. If the combined mass of the child and the seat is 40 kg, and the radius of the
circular path is 6.0 m, calculate the tension, T, in the support.
6.0 m 40 kg
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CIRCULAR MOTION
Q1: A van is going round a corner with a banked track, as shown in fig. if friction is
negligible where does the centripetal force come from, and what is the angle of banking
required if the speed is 14 m/s and the radius of curvature is 30 m?
R
Q2: The blades of a helicopter droop as shown in fig. The maximum angular velocity the can
rotate at with this droop before breaking is 5.0 rev/s. if the length of the blades is 5.0 m,
and their mass is 30 kg, what force is needed to break the blades?
200
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Q1: some ripples on water travel at 0.15 ms-1, have a wavelength of 30 mm and amplitude of
10 mm. What is the maximum velocity of a point on the water surface?
Q2: A Malteser rolls in a smooth bowl with SHM of amplitude 30 mm. its mass is 10 g and
the maximum force acting on it 0.05 N
Find
a. its maximum velocity
b. its period of oscillation
The clue to the SHM equations is often to find ω, and then use it
in the other equations to find you need
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Take g = 9.8ms-2
Q1: An object is oscillating from side to side, performing SHM. The time period is 2.0 s, and
the amplitude is 3.0cm. What are the maximum velocity and acceleration, and the
acceleration 1.0 cm from the centre?
Q2: A pendulum of length 2.0 m is swinging between two points 40 cm apart. What is the
time period of oscillation and the maximum KE of the pendulum if the mass of the
pendulum bob is 200 g?
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