4 HEAT

✔ ) the most appropriate answer.

I. Tick (✔
1. Heat gives us a
(a) sensation of hotness
(b) sensation of coldness
(c) sensation of hotness and coldness
(d) none of these
2. The property of matter to increase in size on heating is called
(a) thermal work (b) thermal energy
(c) thermal expansion (d) thermal contraction
3. In which mode of transfer of heat, molecules pass on heat energy to
neighbouring molecules without actually moving from their positions?
(a) conduction (b) radiation (c) convection (d) none of these
4. The only liquid in which conduction is possible is
(a) alcohol (b) water (c) mercury (d) iodine
5. A device in which heat loss due to conduction, convection and
radiation is minimised is
(a) solar cooker (b) thermos flask
(c) thermometer (d) electric heater
6. Shining surfaces are
(a) good absorbers of heat
(b) good radiators of heat
(c) poor absorbers and poor radiators of heat
(d) good absorbers and good radiators of heat
7. Heat which can also get transferred is
(a) thermal heat (b) mechanical heat
(c) radiant heat (d) none of these
8. The fastest method of heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body is
(a) radiation (b) convection (c) conduction (d) none of these
9. Friction between two bodies produces
(a) motion (b) expansion (c) heat (d) disequilibrium
Class-VII Physics 1 Question Bank
 10. During daytime air blows
(a) from the land to the sea (b) from the sea to the land
(c) from one sea to another (d) none of these
Ans. 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c)
7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
II. Fill in the blank spaces by choosing correct word from the given list.
List : rollers, air girders, poor, solids, cubical
1. Convection cannot take place in______________.
2. The liquids and gases have only______________ expansion.
3. Bridges are mounted on______________ to prevent their collapse.
4. Shining bodies are______________ absorbers of radiant heat.
5. Radiant heat can easily pass through______________.
Ans. 1. solids 2. cubical 3. rollers
4. poor 5. air girders
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. Solids ____________ on heating and ____________ on cooling.
2. Among matter _________ expands the most and _______ the least.
3. Two bodies are said to be in the state of thermal ____________ if
there is no transfer of heat taking place.
4. Liquids and gases are generally ____________ conductors of heat.
5. Ocean current are caused by the setting up of __________ in water.
6. During night time cool breeze blows from _________ to ________.
7. ____________ and ____________ are good conductors of heat.
8. Transfer of heat takes place from a body at __________ temperature
to a body at ____________ temperature.
9. Transfer of heat may take place by either ___________, _________
or ____________.
10. Black surfaces are better __________ of heat than polished surfaces.
11. Heat is a form of ____________.
12. The fixed temperature at which matter is in a liquid state changes to
its solid state is called ____________.
13. Temperature is a measure of ____________ of a body.
14. Increase in size of the object when heated is called ____________.
Class-VII Physics 2 Question Bank
 15. Thermal expansion is maximum in ____________.
16. Temperature is the degree of ____________ of a body.
17. Heating of metals is through the mechanism of ____________.
18. Heat from the sun reaches us through the mode of ____________.
19. Land and sea breezes are caused by ____________ currents.
20. Example of a solid that sublimes is ____________.
Ans. 1. expand, contract 2. gas, solid 3. equilibrium
4. bad 5. convection 6. land, sea
7. gold, silver 8. higher, lower
9. conduction, convection, radiation
10. absorber 11. energy 12. freezing point
13. hotness or coldness 14. expansion 15. gases
16. hotness or coldness 17. conduction 18. radiation
19. convection 20. iodine
IV. The statements given below are incorrect. Write the correct
statements.
1. The heat coming from the sun travels by convection.
Ans. The heat coming from the sun travels by radiation.
2. More is the heating, less is the expansion of solids.
Ans. More is the heating, more is the expansion of solids.
3. Thermal expansion is always a nuisance.
Ans. Thermal expansion is not always a nuisance.
4. We can hold a metal rod for a longer time than a glass rod when
both the rods are heated.
Ans. We can hold a glass rod for a longer time than a metal rod when
both the rods are heated.
5. Iron is a better conductor of heat than copper.
Ans. Copper is a better conductor of heat than iron.
6. Air conducts heat.
Ans. Air does not conduct heat.
7. People prefer wearing black clothes in summer.
Ans. People prefer wearing white clothes in summer.

Class-VII Physics 3 Question Bank

 8. Solids expand more than liquids and gases.
Ans. Solids expand less than liquids and gases.
9. Expansion of liquids is different but of all gases is same.
Ans. Expansion of all gases and liquids are different.
10. Mud houses are hot in summer and cold in winter.
Ans. Mud houses are cold in summer and hot in winter.
V. Find the odd-one out. Give reasons for your choice.
1. Conduction, convection, expansion, radiation
Ans. Expansion. Conduction, convection and radiation, all are the modes
of transference of heat while expansion is the property of materials.
2. Wood, paper, silver, plastic
Ans. Silver. Wood, paper and plastic, all are bad conductor of heat and
electricity while silver is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
3. Gold, copper, cork, mercury
Ans. Cork. Gold, copper and mercury all are good conductors of heat and
electricity while cork is bad conductor of heat and electricity.
4. Thermos flask, igloos, candle, ice-box
Ans. Candle. Thermos flask, igloos and ice-box all are used to prevent loss
of heat while candle is used for light.
5. Kettles, cricket bat, electric press, ovens
Ans. Cricket bat. Kettles, electric press and ovens, all are used by man for
heating purpose while cricket bat is used by players to play the cricket.
VI. Match the following.
1. good conductor of heat (a) igloos
2. bad conductor of heat (b) solar system
3. convection current (c) copper
4. double-walled houses (d) air
5. radiant heat (e) wind current
Ans. 1. (c), 2. (d), 3. (e), 4. (a), 5. (b)

Class-VII Physics 4 Question Bank

VII. Differentiate between the following.
1. Boiling and evaporation
Ans. Boiling Evaporation
(i) Boiling takes place trough Evaporation takes place only at
the whole mass of the the surface of the liquid.
liquid.
(ii) Boiling is a fast process. Evaporation is a slow process.
(iii) Boiling starts only at fixed Evaporation takes place at all
temperature. temperatures.
2. Conduction and convection
Ans. Conduction Convection
(i) Conduction is the transfer of Convection is the transfer of
heat from one particle to heat by the actual movement
another particle without the of molecules from one part to
actual movement of the another.
particle.
(ii) Transfer of heat by Transfer of heat by convection
conduction occurs in solids. occurs in liquids and gases.
3. Conductors of heat and insulators.
Ans. Conductors of heat Insulators
(i) The substances through The substances which do not
which heat conducts conduct heat are called bad
smoothly are called conductors of heat or
conductors of heat. insulators.
(ii) All metals like gold, silver, Wood, paper, plastic, wool,
copper, etc. conducts heat etc. do not conduct heat, so
they are insulators.
(iii) Heat conductors are used to Insulators are used to made
made kitchen utensils. handle of kettles, teapots etc.
VIII. Give reasons for the following.
Class-VII Physics 5 Question Bank
 1. We wear woollen clothes in winter.
Ans. We use woollen clothes in winter because woollen clothes trap air in
between our body and themselves. The trapped air, therefore, does
not let the heat of our body escape to the surroundings and we stay
warm.
2. Ice is wrapped in saw dust or a woollen blanket.
Ans. Melting of ice occurs at room temperature so we have to wrap it in
saw dust or a woollen blanket because they contain large amount of
trapped air which is bad conductor of heat and does not allow the
heat from outside to reach the ice.
3. Why do houses with thatched roofs keep cool in summers?
Ans. Houses with thatched roofs keep cool in summer, as compared to
houses with concrete roofs. It is because thatched toof contains a
large amount of trapped air which is bad conductor of heat. Hence
heat from outside does not flow in thatched roof house. Thus they
remain cool in summer.
4. Why does an ice box have double walls?
Ans. Ice-boxes are double-walled containers. There is air in the space
between the two walls. Air being a poor conductor does not let the
outside heat enter the box. The ice in the box, therefore, does not
melt quickly.
5. Cooking pots are provided with wooden or plastic handles. Why?
Ans. Cooking pots are provided with wooden or plastic handles because
wood or plastic handles are bad conductors of heat. Hence, the
heat from hot appliances does not flow to our hands with the result
that we can handle them without any difficulty.
6. We prefer white clothes in summer and dark-coloured clothes in
winter. Why?
Ans. People prefer to wear white clothes in summer because of its poor
heat absorbing power. They reflect most of heat of the sun falling
on them and absorb very little. On the other hand, dark coloured
clothes are good absorber of heat and hence keep our body warm
in winter.
Class-VII Physics 6 Question Bank
 7. The top of a roof made of asbestos is painted white.
Ans. White colour is poor absorber and good reflector of heat. So that
most of the sunlight fall on the roof is reflected back and the house
becomes cool.
8. Gaps are left in between rails while laying a railway tracks.
Ans. Gaps are left in between rails. This is done to provide room for the
rails to expand when the temperature rises. If it is not done, the rails
would expand and band on getting heated.
9. Telephone wires are kept slightly loose when they are laid in summer.
Ans. We know that every matter expand on heating and contract on
cooling. When telephone wires are fixed, they are left a little loose
in summer. This is done to prevent their snapping when they contract
in winter.
10. Bridges are mounted on rollers.
Ans. Bridges are mounted on the rollers so that they can freely expand
in summer and contract in winter. Therefore, to avoid any damage
to the bridge rollers are employed.
11. A thick glass tumbler crack when hot water is poured in it.
Ans. We know that substances expand on heating. When we pour hot
water in a glass tumbler, heat is transferred from hot water to glass
tumbler then there is unequal expansion of inner and outer surface
of glass. Due to this uneven expansion a strain builds up in the
glass. It is this strain which cracks the glass.
12. The diameter of an iron tyre is kept slightly smaller than the wooden
wheel on which this tyre is to be mounted.
Ans. The diameter of an iron tyre is kept slightly smaller than the wooden
wheels. Because on heating, it expands and fit over the wooden
wheels.
13. We wear a number of garments in winter rather than one thick garment.
Ans. A number of garments form many layers of air and air is bad
conductor of heat which prevent the flow of heat from the body to
the surroundings. So, we should wear a number of garments in
winter rather than one thick garment.
Class-VII Physics 7 Question Bank
 14. Heat from the sun heats up earth, but the air in the atmosphere does
not get heated up.
Ans. Heat is transferred from the sun to earth without heating the air in
between. This process of transfer of heat is called radiation where
the medium in which the heat travels does not play any role.
15. Water should not used to put off electrical fires.
Ans. Convection is the mode of heat transfer in liquids, taking place by
the actual movement of molecules. So, we should not use water to
put off electrical fires. Impure water is a conductor of electricity.
IX. Answer these questions.
1. List three effects of heat on an object.
Ans. When we heat an object then it has following effects:
(i) It becomes hot, it means, there is rise in temperature.
(ii) It expand in size.
(iii) It changes its state such as water boils to form water vapour.
2. Name the three modes of transmissions of heat energy.
Ans. Heat can be transferred in the following ways:
(i) Conduction (ii) Convection (iii) Radiation
3. Name four good conductors and four bad conductors of heat.
Ans. Copper, silver, gold and iron are good conductors of heat.
Wood, paper, cork and plastic are bad conductors of heat.
4. Give three practical uses of good conductors.
Ans. Practical uses of good conductors:
(i) Cooking vessels are made of metals so that they can readily
absorb heat energy and transfer it to food.
(ii) Mercury is used in thermometer because it is good conductor
of heat.
(iii) Cooling coils of air-conditioners and refrigerators are made of
copper as they readily conduct away heat.
5. What is a thermometer?
Ans. Thermometer is a device which is used to measure the temperature
of a body or environment. Thermometer is made of a glass tube
having a fine bore. There is a glass tube bulb at one end of the tube
Class-VII Physics 8 Question Bank
 and other end is open. The bulb is filled with mercury and open end
of the tube is sealed. The upper and lower fixed points are marked
on the thermometer and the distance between these marks is divided
into 100 equal parts.
6. Give four reasons for using mercury in a thermometer.
Ans. Mercury is used as a thermometric liquid because of the following
reasons:
(i) It has a lower freezing point (–39 °C) and a high boiling point
(35 °C). Hence it can be used over a wide range of temperature.
(ii) It is shiny liquid metal, hence can be easily seen through the
glass of the thermometer tube.
(iii) It has a fairly large expansion for a small change in temperature.
(iv) It does not stick to the glass tube.
7. What are standard points?
Ans. On the celsius thermometer, the lowest marking is 0 °C and highest
marking is 100 °C. 0 °C corresponds to the temperature of melting
of ice and 100 °C corresponds to the boiling temperature of pure
water. These temperatures are called standard points or fixed points
of a thermometer.
8. What is bimetallic strip?
Ans. Plates of two different metals which are riveted together at a number
of points in such a way that they cannot slide on being heateed or
cooled, form a bimetallic strip. It is used in refrigerators, automatic
electric iron etc.
9. Give one example of each mode of transference of heat.
Ans. (i) Conduction. It is the process of transfer of heat in solids from
one particle to another without the actual movements of the particle.
For example, transfer of heat from one end to another end in an iron
or copper rods.
(ii) Convection. It is the mode of heat transfer in liquid and gases
taking place by the actual movement of molecules from one part to
another. For example, chimneys are fitted in the industries to remove
undesirable fumes. The smoke, fumes, hot gases are less dense
Class-VII Physics 9 Question Bank
 than air, therefore, they rise up through the chimneys.
(iii) Radiation. It is the transfer of heat from a hot body to a cold
body directly without heating the space between the two bodies.
For example, the sun’s heat reaches us across millions miles of
space. The heat travels by radiations.
10. What do you understand by the terms (a) good conductors (b) bad
conductors?
Ans. (a) Good conductors: Those substances which allow the heat and
electricity to flow through them easily are called good conductors
e.g., copper , aluminium, gold, etc.
(b) Bad conductors: Those substances which do not allow the
heat and electricity to flow through them are called bad conductors
e.g., glass, mica, wool etc.
11. Describe an experiment to prove that water is a bad conductor of
heat.
Ans. Water is a bad conductor of heat. We can prove it by the following
experiment:
Take a test tube, half-filled
with water. Take a ice cube
wrapped in copper wire
gauze to make it heavy.
Drop it into the test tube.
Hold the test tube in an
inclined position and heat
it on the upper level of
water. We will see that the water at top starts boiling but the ice does
not melt. This experiment proves that water is a bad conductors of
heat because heat does not travel throughout the water.
12. How will you prove experimentally that amongst the copper and
iron rods of same dimensions, copper is a better conductor of heat
as compared to iron?

Class-VII Physics 10 Question Bank

Ans. Take two rods of copper
and iron of equal thickness.
Dip them in wax. Insert each
of these rods in vessel as in
figure. Now pour hot oil in
the vessel. We will find that
as heat travels through the
rods, wax coating on the
rods melt. We observe that
wax coating on copper rod Conductivity of copper is more than iron.
has more melting extent than iron. It proves that conductivity of
copper is more than iron.
13. Describe an experiment to prove that gases expand on heating.
Ans. Gases expand on heating. We can
prove it by a simple experiment:
Take a test tube, fit a cork stopper
through which passes a narrow
glass tube. Insert a mercury pellet
in the narrow glass tube.
On heating the empty glass tube
having air there, we find that the
mercury pellet in the glass tube rises
indicating the expansion of air in the
test tube.
14. What is thermal expansion? Gases expand on heating
Ans. Substances expand on heating. We know, all matter are made of
molecules. On heating, these molecules vibrate with increased energy.
These molecules require more space to vibrate and so the object
expands. We call this property of expansion of matter on heating as
thermal expansion.
15. What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Ans. Temperature is a physical quantity that is related to the average kinetic
energy of the molecules of a substance.
Heat is a measure of a total energy of a substance i.e., total energy
of all molecules put together.
Class-VII Physics 11 Question Bank
 16. Describe an experiment to prove that solids expand on heating.
Ans. Take an iron wire and a curtain ring. Slip the curtain ring through the
wire and stretch it between the two stands. Adjust the position of
stands in such a way that wire is just taut that is straight.
Now heat the wire by using a burner and observe what happens. We
observe, the wire no longer remains taut. It proves that solids show
thermal expansion.

Thermal expansion in solids

17. What do you understand by the term (a) radiation and (b) radiant
heat?
Ans. The heat energy comes from the sun over a large distance between
the sun and the earth. There is the third mode of transference of heat
energy where the intervening medium does not play any part. This
mode of transference of heat is called radiations and the heat energy
transmitted by the process of radiations is called radiant heat.
18. Why is radiator of motor car painted black?
Ans. Black colour is good absorber of heat and also good radiators of
radiant heat. Radiators of motor car painted black because it absorb
heat energy from the engine and also radiate it quickly and cool off
the engine.
19. Water is a bad conductor of heat but we heat water without any
difficulty. How is it possible?
Ans. Water is a bad conductor of heat but we heat it without any difficulty
by process of heat transfer called convection.
Convection is the mode of heat transfer in liquids and gases taking
place by the actual movement of molecules from one part to another.
Class-VII Physics 12 Question Bank
 20. Describe the following terms:
(i) sublimation (ii) fusion (iii) melting point
(iv) solidification (v) vapourisation (vi) boiling point
(vii) evaporation (viii) condensation
Ans. (i) Sublimation: It is the process due to which a solid directly
changes into gaseous state on heating, and gaseous state so formed
directly changes into solid state on cooling without changing into
liquid state.
(ii) Fusion: It is also called melting. The process due to which a
solid changes into liquid state by absorbing heat energy is called
fusion.
(iii) Melting point: It is the temperature at which a solid changes
into liquid state is called melting point. For example, melting point
of ice is 0 °C.
(iv) Solidification: It is also called freezing. The process due which
a liquid changes into solid state by losing heat energy is called
solidification.
(v) Vapourisation: The process due which a liquid changes into
gases state by gaining heat energy is called vapourisation.
(vi) Boiling point: It is the temperature at which a liquid changes
into gases state is called boiling point. The boiling point of water is
100°C.
(vii) Evaporation: The process due to which a liquid changes into
gaseous state below its boiling point is called evaporation.
(viii) Condensation: It is also called liquefication. The process
due to which a gas changes into liquid state by losing heat energy is
called condensation.
21. What do you understand by the term ventilation?
Ans. Ventilation is the process by which impure and warm air in a room is
continuously replaced by fresh and cool air.
The air are heated up by convection currents and moved out from
room. This air is continuously replaced by fresh air.

Class-VII Physics 13 Question Bank