MICROCONTROLLER BASED ELECTRONIC PASSWORD DOOR LOCK

Abstract
The purpose of this project is to create a micro-controller based Digital Code Lock that serves the purpose
of security. Security is a prime concern in our day-today life. Everyone wants to be as much secure as
possible. “Electrically Pass code lock design using Microcontroller” is used in the places where we need
more security. The microcontroller based Digital Code Lock is an access control system that allows only
authorized persons to access a restricted area. This password based door security system provides security
to houses or offices and protects assets from being damaged by unauthorized parties. As conventional
security system does not use any password, the chance of getting access to a protected entrance most
probably possible. This system is composed of the microcontroller, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), Key
pad and a stepper motor.
Microcontroller is used to provide the authentication to a user by the means of the entered password. It
can also use to secure lockers and other protective doors. An access control for doors forms a vital link in
a security chain. The microcontroller based digital lock for Doors is an access control system that allows
only authorized persons to access a restricted area. The system will allow you to preset a password. The
lock will open if and only if the entered password matches the preset one. If the entered password is
wrong a buzzer will be activated. When, we enter password is equals with the password stored in the
memory then the door is opened. If we enter a wrong password then the Access will be denied.
Generally, the micro controller based digital lock is an access control system that allows only authorized
persons to access a restricted area, this system is best suitable for corporate offices and home security.

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TABLE CONTENTS
Table of Contents pages
Abstract............................................................................................................................................................ I
TABLE CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... II
Lists of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. III
Lists of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... III
CHAPTERONE .............................................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1Background................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Problem Statement.................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.1 General Objective .................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.2 Specific Objective ................................................................................................................................. 2
1.4 Scope of the Project .................................................................................................................................. 2
1.5 Significance of the Project........................................................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................................ 4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER THREE ........................................................................................................................................ 5
3. METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Block diagram of the project .................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER FOUR .......................................................................................................................................... 7
4. MATERIAL REQUIRED AND COST ANALYSIS................................................................................. 7
4.1 Material Requirements ............................................................................................................................. 7
4.2 Cost Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 7
4.3 Time Schedule .......................................................................................................................................... 9
REFERENCE ............................................................................................................................................... 10

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Lists of Figures
Figure 3.1 Methodology of the project ........................................................................................................... 5
Figure 3.2 Block Diagram of a Microcontroller Based Electronic Door Lock. ............................................. 6
Lists of Tables
Table 4.1 Price lists of the electronic costs ................................................................................................... 8
Table 4.2 Time schedule................................................................................................................................ 9

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CHAPTERONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Today, we are living in the embedded systems surrounded by devices that are based on the embedded
systems like cars, washing machine microwave-oven, medical equipment's etc. An embedded system is a
computer system designed for specific control functions often with real time computing constraints. It is
embedded as part of a complete device which often including hardware and mechanical parts. By contrast,
a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer (PC), is designed to be flexible to meet a wide
range of end user needs. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today. One of
prominent example of an embedded system is a microcontroller, which is a small and tiny Computer
designated to perform some specific tasks. A Microcontroller program (firmware) is the one, which
decides what functionality the microcontroller provides to a user. A program that has the ability to run on
a microcontroller without the need of an operating system is called as a firmware. That means, a firmware
has the privilege to access the hardware directly. This project tries to explain an electronic lock firmware
in detail. The basic idea of microcontroller is to collect all the input and output peripherals in one simple
circuit, which represent the microcontroller instead of the large and sophisticated computer with
microprocessor and large numbers of peripherals. The firmware directly deals with peripherals and Input /
Output ports to give complete functionality of microcontroller.
Security describes protection of life and property. There are doors to keep people out, Key locks and
chains reinforce the mode of security. Doors are being made of metals not just wood anymore. Influential
persons in our society have bullet proof doors to ensure a good measure of security of self and family. The
security sector is experiencing diversification as it has never seen before. This has brought about the need
to review the reliability of already existing systems and look into the possibility of creating better systems
that are smarter and more secure. The micro controller based digital lock presented here is an access
control system that allows only authorized persons to access a restricted area, this system is best suitable
for corporate offices and home security.

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1.2 Problem Statement

Due to the need to increase the security of life and properties in our environment, security systems are
used as selective systems to decide who has access to a given location based on a personal distinctive trait
of the user. There are varieties of electronic locks for example digital lock, finger print lock, card lock,
biological lock, etc. Among them the most practical and the most popularized one can come to electronic
code lock. This kind of lock can avoid the problems caused by the copying of keys. On the premise that
its safety is high, it’s another feature without key is getting more favor of people. It is because the keys
carried by peoples have become burden most of the time, but in contrast people need only to remember a
set of codes for electronic locks, and don’t have to carry any key, thus feeling themselves from worries.
1.3 OBJECTIVE
1.3.1 General Objective
The General objective of the project is electronic password protected to secure doors and lockers so as to
increase security of our materials.
1.3.2 Specific Objective
The specific objective of our project:
 To develop simple door lock system using microcontroller (PIC16F887), keypad and LCD display.
 To develop code lock with program by using software.
 To design an electronic pass code lock that will be used for home Security.
 It can be used as an electronic door lock by interfacing with an electrically actuated door lock.
1.4 Scope of the Project
In this Project it is shown that by interfacing LCD and key pad with PIC microcontroller 16F877A, we
can improve the security system which will allow access to the person who knows the password and it
will not allow access to unauthorized people. This work is designed by creating password to open and
close the door by controlling the motor by writing C code for the microcontroller and the alarm (Buzzer)
is interfaced to show when the lock was tried more than three times by entering wrong password. All
above work is done up to simulation on Proteus.

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1.5 Significance of the Project

Since Security is a prime concern in our day-today life. Everyone wants to be as much secure as possible
and this has brought about the need to review the reliability of already existing systems and look into the
possibility of creating better systems that are smarter and more secure. So generally there are vast
beneficiary bodies like:
 Museums
 Fine art galleries
 Ware houses
 Technology centers
 Banks
 Offices etc…

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CHAPTER TWO
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Smart home is one of the recent fields in the context of computer science. The paper named as “Remote
mobile control of home appliances” by Rifat Shahriyar, Enamul Howqua, S.M. Sohan, and Iftekhar Naim
depicts on the home controlling using WAP protocol. Smart home was one of the types of system
equipped with home appliances which where control home appliances smartly from anywhere. Some
products are commercially available which allow remote home appliance controlling through internet
which is undoubtedly emerging. But it lacks the true sense of real mobility and security. The architecture
mentioned by them is much complex but it gives an initial idea about the microcontroller based electronic
door lock design. Smart home study sometimes affected by the concern about the possible harm on house,
their work was not secured home. Here in our case we are going to design password based electronic door
lock.
Password based door security system is normally a key less locking system. That is fixed on doors to
control access of the system. Unlike the traditional or mechanical locks that need key to open the lock by
turning to get access, doors which use code locks require the user to enter a numeric sequence or
password on a key pad to facilitate enter. These special keys usually require the additional use of
electronic circuitry. The advantage of code lock over traditional key system is that, if we apply code lock
for a large office, each employee can be told the code number without having to supply a key to each
person as in the case of traditional/mechanical locks. However, if the code number or the password is
learned by someone outside the desired group or is not changed regularly, it could allow easy access to a
potential intruder. Password locks, while generally safe from the attacks to which their mechanical
counterparts are prone such as used of master keys and physical attacks, they suffer from their own set of
flaws.
This project is about the electronic code lock, which is designed to respond to an electronic logic signal
mechanism, with a digit sequence counter performing the function of a key. They are operated by
inputting the correct code by external means through a keypad into a microcontroller which already have
a pin number in its EEPROM memory (internal) to compare with, so that if it is correct (that is the pin
number inputted by the user), It activates the port to which the LED is connected (the load that represents
the door). Else it activates an audio alarm to alert security men or authorized user whenever there is an
intrusion from unauthorized users. Generally, in our case the security is going to be improves.

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CHAPTER THREE
3. METHODOLOGY
In the first stage of conducting the project we are going to search for reading materials. And we determine
the appropriate problem identification. As well as we check our preceding work identify the objective and
significance project before our next step. And we draw the right system design and description.

Figure 3.1 Methodology of the project

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3.1 Block diagram of the project

Figure 3.2 Block Diagram of a Microcontroller Based Electronic Door Lock.

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CHAPTER FOUR
4. MATERIAL REQUIRED AND COST ANALYSIS
4.1 Material Requirements
 Motor driver
 Power supply
 Step down transformer
 Bridge rectifier
 Voltage regulator
 PIC 16F877A microcontroller
 2x16 LCD display
 4x4 keypad matrix
 Stepper motor
 Buzzer
 Crystal capacitor
 Capacitors

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4.2 Cost Analysis

Cost analysis is a vital issue to make any project. The price of electronics is not stable for in developing
country like Ethiopia, because Ethiopia never produces electronics part but import from other developed
country and during import depends upon the stock of foreign currency. Average price of parts used in this
project is given below.
S.no Name with type Quantity Price/ quantity Price(birr)
1 PIC16F877A Microcontroller 1 850 1500
2 LCD display(16x2) 1 200 200
3 Stepper motor(12v) 1 700 700
4 Motor driver(ULN 2003A) 1 500 500
5 Keypad(4x4) 1 550 550
6 Voltage regulator(IC 7805) 1 150 150
7 Resistor(10k) 2 75 150
8 Potentiometer(5k) 2 75 150
9 Capacitor(22PF) 2 20 40
10 LED( Red) 1 20 20
11 Transformer(220/12v) 1 750 750
12 Crystal capacitor 1 250 250
13 Buzzer 1 250 250
14 Push button 1 40 40
15 Diode (IN 4001) 4 50 200
16 Others - 1500 1500
Total costs=6950

Table 4.1 Price lists of the electronic costs

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4.3 Time Schedule

Months

March April May June

Weeks to be Required

No Tasks(Works) 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st

1 Select the title x

2 Gathering the reading materials x

3 Collect the material requirements x

4 Writing the proposal x

5 Design the simulation x x x

6 Develop the program x x

7 Test the program x x

8 Upload program on designed circuit x

9 Result and conclusion x

10 Complete and submit the project x

Table 4.2 Time schedule

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REFERENCE
1. Rifat Shahriyar, Enamul Hoque, S.M. Sohan, Iftekhar Naim, “Remote Controlling of Home Appliances
using Mobile Telephony”, International Journal of Smart Home, Vol. 2, No. 3, July, 2008
2. C. K. Das, M. Sanaullah, H. M. G. Sarower and M. M. Hassan, “Development of a Cell Phone based
Remote Control System: an Effective Switching System for Controlling Home and Office appliances”,
International Journal of Electrical & Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENS Vol.: 09 No: 10.
3. Peter, JAKAB, “Electronic Combination Lock based on PIC”, [Online] Available:
http://jap.hu/electronic/combination_lock.html

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