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Abstract— Axial piston pumps with constant high effort and low inertia, flexible routing of power,
pressure and variable flow have extraordinary and continuously-variable power transmission. By
possibilities for controlling the flow by change of varying the angle of swash plate it is possible to vary
pressure. The major obstacle in application of the the stroke of the pistons hence the discharge can be
bent axis piston pump is extremely high cost over varied in this configuration of pump. Bent axis pump
that of the radial piston pump; it ranges in the range consist of cylinder block which is inclined to the
of 5to 6 times the cost of radial piston pump. Hence drive shaft. The disk connected inline to the drive
there is a need to develop a modification in the shaft on which the piston bases are mounted and
radial piston pump design that will offer a variable heads of pistons are in line with cylinders. When
discharge configuration in addition to the drive shaft start to rotate the pistons reciprocates in
advantages of high efficiency and maximum cylinders because of bent axis. Vane Pump Figure3
pressure. Thus objective of project is defined to consists of rotor having vanes which rotates inside
develop a variable displacement linkage that will ring. Rotor is eccentric with ring. Vanes tensioned to
enable to vary the stroke of a single cylinder axial keep the contact with walls of ring. Vanes are slide
piston pump, thereby offering to vary the discharge into ring and creates the chambers, volume of these
of the pump using manual control. The solution chamber decreases due to eccentricity. Due to which
offered is in form of the linkage motion adjuster the fluid from chambers forces out the pump.
pump where this mechanism is to convert rotary Eccentricity between rotor and ring decides the
motion of crank element into oscillatory output of displacement. [2] All designs which are discussed
the output element. The angle of oscillation of the above utilizes planar joints which having high
output is a function of the position of pivot element. mechanical friction and high leakage to maintain
The pivot element position can be varied as it is hydrodynamic bearings. In [3-6] work has been done
placed on a slide. Thus adjustment of the stroke can to enhance the efficiency of these machines. But this
be done by varying the position of the pivot element. work is for maximize efficiency only for high
CAE of critical component and meshing using Ansys displacement; they have not improve poor efficiency
has done. The experimental validation part of the at low displacement. So it is necessary to consider
pump will be done using a test rig developed to other methods to improve efficiency at lower
evaluate the performance characteristics of the displacement. In [7-8] alternative mechanisms
pump. suggested to create adjustable crank slider linkage,
Keywords — pump, control link, pivot, crank. which are able to vary the stroke and so the
displacement. They developed the graphical
I. INTRODUCTION synthesis technique for generating adjustable
Variable displacement hydraulic pumps and motors mechanisms with variable coupler curves. Zhou and
have significant energy savings than throttling valve Ting presented a method of generating adjustable
control [1]. But at low displacement the efficiency of slider-crank mechanisms for multiple paths by
variable displacement machines decreases. So it adjusting the distance between the slider axis and the
limits use of these pumps for partial load crank [9] Adjustable linkage mechanisms for
application. Thus, it is need to develop hydraulic controlling piston displacement have been
pump/motors with high efficiency across the full previously described and patented for internal
displacement range. There are three designs are combustions engines to vary the compression ratio
available currently for variable displacement pump. to meet the power demand.[10] These engine
Figure1 shows Swash-plate type axial-piston pump, linkages, however, do not go to zero displacement.
which is used as the fluid power- source for Shoup developed a technique for the design of an
hydraulic circuitry. These devices are used to adjustable spatial slider-crank mechanism for use in
transmit power in many engineering applications pumps or compressors [11]. This spatial mechanism
such as aircrafts, earthmoving equipment, and shop requires the repositioning of the axis of slide relative
tools. The advantages of these machines have been to the crank. None of these mentioned techniques
and examples provides both a constant top dead can be closely and precisely monitored .By
center (TDC) regardless of displacement and the application of kinematic overlay method the plots of
ability to reach zero displacement. A preliminary the input and output link position are determined to
kinematic synthesis technique was previously derive the desired speed change at a given location
described by the authors validation.[12] of the control link. The figure below illustrates the
This paper describes the design, synthesis, analysis of phenomenon of speed change
mechanism to convert rotary motion of crank
element into oscillatory output of the output element.
The angle of oscillation of the output is a function of
the position of pivot element. The pivot element
position can be varied as it is placed on a slide. Thus
adjustment of the stroke can be done by varying the
position of the pivot element. Also includes testing
of the pump to plot characteristics of pump.
B. Discussion of analysis.
TABLE 2
Comparison of design and analysis
Part Name Maximum Von- Total Result
theoretical mises deforma
stress stress tion
(N/mm2) N/mm2 Mm
REFERENCES
[1] [1] Williamson, C., Zimmerman, J., and Ivantysynova,
M., 2008, “Efficiency Study of an Excavator
Hydraulic System Based on Displacement-Controlled
Actuators,” Proceedings of the Bath/ASME
Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control.
[2] Ivantysyn, J., and Ivantysynova, M., 2001,
“Hydrostatic Pumps and Motors”, Academic Books
International, New Delhi.
[3] Manring, N. D., 2003, “Valve-Plate Design for an
Axial Piston Pump Operating at Low Displacements,”
ASME J. Mech. Des., 125(1), pp. 200–205.
Fig.12 Graph of volumetric efficiency for
[4] Wang, S., 2012, “Improving the Volumetric Efficiency
minimum discharge condition
of the Axial Piston Pump,” ASMEJ. Mech. Des., 134,
Fig.12 shows the graph of volumetric efficiency p. 111001.
versus speed of pump. From graph it concludes that [5] Grandall, D. R., 2010, “The Performance and
Pump gives almost constant volumetric efficiency Efficiency of Hydraulic Pumps and Motors,” MSc.
for different speeds at minimum discharge position thesis, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
of control link.
[6] Seeniraj, G. K., and Ivantysynova, M., “Impact of
VI. CONCLUSIONS Valve Plate Design on Noise,Volumetric Efficiency
This paper discussed design analysis of variable and Control Effort in an Axial Piston Pump,” ASME
displacement linkage that will enable to vary the 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress
and Exposition, Fluid Power Systems and Technology,
stroke of a single cylinder axial piston pump,
Chicago, IL, ASME Paper No. IMECE2006- 15001,
thereby offering to vary the discharge of the pump Nov. 5–10, New York, pp.
using manual control. The solution offered is in form 77–84.
of the linkage motion adjuster pump where in [7] [7] Tao, D. C., and Krishnamoorthy, S., 1978,
“Linkage Mechanism Adjustable for Variable
mechanism to convert rotary motion of crank