Professional Documents
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DISKUTIME
ARISTOTEL SPIRO
6
Sh. Demiraj , po aty,313.
't Nyiat e shqipes, Tirand 2009: 176-177.
Shih, p. sh., Sh. Demiraj, Morfotogjia historike e shqipes, I, Universiteti i
Tirands, Fakulteti i Historise dhe Filologis€, Tirane 1973: 81; K. Topalli, po aty, 7 4-7 5.
e
Kjo teze gjendet e formuluar pdr her€ te par€ tek A. Spiro, "The Parallel
Evolution of Postpositive and "Prepositive" Articles in Albaniary Albanohellenicu, No.
2 (2000-2001): 46. Nga njEbazE e njejt€ niset edhe K. Topalli (Nyjat e shqipes, Tirane
2009: 61), i cili merr si pik€nisie te lindjes sd nyj€s shquese "sintagmen gjenitivale".
166 Aristotel Spiro
p€rberdse e mbiemritlO. G.iithashtu, p€rdorimi i saj perpara emrave nd
gjinore, pavaresisht lidhjes se gliret gramatikore, la te njejten pershtypje,
sikur nyja ishte pjes€ e formes gjinore td emritr r.
Kur flitet p€r origjinen e nyjes se prapme, pranohet nga te githe se
ajo ka njedhur prej rye d€ftori anaforik. Kjo fazE karakterizohet nga
prania e deftorit anaforik dhe formalisht do te mund te interpretohej si
pranevenie dyesorel2. Skematikisht e paraqesim ne ket€ m€nyre:
(") emer * ddftor anaforik
ose
(b) emdr + fiald enklitike
Nje em€r mund te ishte gjymtyre drejtuese e nje emri tjeter. Skema
e sintagmds shnderrohet ne kete rast k€shtu:
P€rfundime:
Gjuha shqipe nuk ka pasur asnjehere nf e shquese te paravendosur.
Nyja e perparme dhe e prapme kan€ rrjedhur se bashku nga i njejfi
ddftor anaforik.
Ekzistenca e modelit themelor emdr * element i pranevdnd -r
percaktor favorizoi shfaqjen paralelels dhe sintaksorisht te ndervarur t€
nyjave.
Nyja e perparme eshte element sintaksor dhe jo pjese e struktures
se fia16s pasuese. Keshtu, nyja e perparme nuk eshte pjese e mbiemrave
dhe po ashtu nuk €shte pjes€ e emrit n€ gjinore. Rrjedhimisht,
paranyjezimi eshte nje dukuri sintaksore dhe jo morfologjike ose
fialeformuese.
Bibliografi
Antt, I. - (1969) Historia e gjuhes shqipe (Morfologlia historike),
Prishtin€.
Bot<sttt, B. - (1984, 2008) Prapavendosja e nyjds nd gjuhdt ballkanike,
Akademia e Shkencave e Shqiperise, Tiran€.
r8
Per nje evolucion paralel td nyjave b€n f ale edhe Sh. Demiraj, po aty, 337, por
nuk sqaron se g'n€nkupton me kdtd dhe as si paraqitet ky evolucion.
170 Aristotel Spiro
SUMMARY
The article problem is one of the most disputed in the Albanian language.
This problem has been displayed as a permanent debate about such questions as
"What is the origin of the postpositive (definite) article in Albanian? " "Which
article is older, the prepositive or postpositive one?" that is "Did the prepositive
article derive from the postpositive one or, on the contrary, the postpositive
article derive from the prepositive one?".
Several researchers have responded differentiy to these questions, every
one of them presenting his arguments.
My article is an effort to shed a new light on the process that gave birth to
the Albanian arlicles (both prepositive and postpositive). According to my
opinion the main question is not the chronological order of the articles origin (as
it has been put so far), but the way through which Albanian articles came to life.
The word "way" entails more or less the real process of acquiring them, a
process with which H. Pedersen dealt first (his example pus i thelle * "deep
weli" is commonly known). Foliowing Pedersen's path, I intend to bring up this
problem again and to deal with it on a new basis.
There is a starting point, which consists of two preconditions that could
explain the birth of the postpositive (definite) and prepositive articles in
Albanian:
1. Considering the birth process of postpositive (definite) and prepositive
articles on the basis of the grammaticalization theory.
2. Detaching the probiem of the prepositive article from adjectives and
transferring it to the genitive case of nouns.
The process of the Albanian arlicles origin has passed through four
stages. These stages had one single pattem, which was the structure "noun *
adpositional element * noun".
The structure "noun + adjective" is related to the substantivated use of
adjectives. The best environment for their substantivization was the genitive
case. In the course of time postposition became the habitual position of
adjectives. The frequent appearance of the article in an almost closed category,
172 Aristotel Spiro
like adjectives, gave the impression that the article was a part of the adjective.
Its occurrence, too, before nouns in genitive, despite the loose grammatical
relation, left the same impression as if article was a part of the genitive form of
the noun.