Introduction:

 There are various types of protections setting in MCCB, which define various protection
of Electrical Network.
 In MCCB we can set most of protection are adjustable according to Electrical Load
profile.
 The main adjustable Setting in MCCB are
 Over current Setting
 Short Circuit Setting
 Ground Fault Setting

Meaning of each selector switches of MCCB

 As Per Standard IEC 60947-2 defines the names of the selector switches.

Setting Adjustment Protection For

Long time Pick up Current Setting (or thermal Setting).
Protection against
Ir This is a multiplication coefficient of the rating of the
overloads
device. (Ir=xIn)
Long time delay Setting in seconds, enabling in
Protection against
tr particular the starting current of a motor to be tolerated.
overloads
(tr=Sec)
Short time (Magnetic Setting). This is a multiplier of the Protection against
Im / Isd
Ir setting, often 1.5 to 10 times the Ir current (im=xIr) short circuits.
Short time delay Setting, enabling in particular the
discrimination (time) to be increased with downstream
Protection against
tm / tsd feeders and the magnetization peaks of a transformer or
short circuits.
a motor to be tolerated. It is recommended that the I²t
selector switch is set to the ON position.(tm=Sec)
Instantaneous current Setting. Protecting the installation
against strong short circuits (dead short circuits) by
instantaneous tripping without Time Delay and self- Protection against
Ii
protection of the circuit breaker. Dead Short circuits.

The Ii > Isd.

for monitoring the earth fault current circulating in the
Ig Earth protection
Phase and Earth conductor in TNS systems
tg Earth protection time delay Earth protection
Adjustment of the sensitivity of the earth leakage Earth leakage
I delta n
protection protection
Earth leakage
delta t Earth leakage protection delay.
protection
 Setting of each Protection switch of MCCB
(1) For Low level Fault / Over Current Protection (Thermal Setting):

(A) Long-Pickup Current Setting (Ir):

 It is determines the continuous ampere rating of the breaker.

 Long time protection is time-dependent.
 Long Pickup (Ir) value (multiplied by the ampere rating (In) of MCCB) sets the
maximum current level which the circuit breaker will carry continuously.
 If MCB is 1000A Rating but Full Load current is 800A than MCCB Rating can be
changed from 1000A to 800A by setting it 0.8, Now Ir=0.8XIn =0.8×1000=800Amp
 If the current exceeds this value for longer than the circuit breaker will trip at the set
delay time.
 Long time protection is inverse time type (with I2t constant)
 The long-time pickup (Ir) is adjustable from 4 to 1.0 times the sensor plug rating (In)

 Standard Practice for Setting:

 No trip for a current below 105% of Ir
 Trip in less than two hours for a current equal to for
 120% of Ir for an electronic trip unit and for
 130% of Ir for a thermal-magnetic trip unit
 For a higher fault current, the trip time is inversely proportional to the fault current value.

(B) Long-Time delay Setting (tr):

 Long time delay (tr) sets length of time that the circuit breaker will carry a sustained
overload before tripping.
 The delay bands are labeled in seconds of over current at six times the ampere rating.
 Long-time delay is an inverse time characteristic in that the tripping time decreases as the
current increases.
 The long-time delay (tr) sets the length of the time that the circuit breaker will carry an
over current (below the short-time or instantaneous pickup current level) before tripping.
 The Long time delay can be set to I2t On and I2t OFF settings.
 (A) I2t Response:I2t Out ,For coordination with other circuit breakers with electronic trip
devices and for coordination with thermal-magnetic circuit breakers.
 (B) I2t Response: I2t In ,For coordination with fuses and upstream transformer
(2) For Short Circuit Protection (Magnetic Setting):
 (C) Short Time pickup Current Setting (Im):

 Short time protection is time-independent.

 It is determines or sets the level of fault current at which the short-time trip delay
countdown is actuated.
 Short Time Pick up Value (Im) (multiplied by the ampere rating) sets the short circuit
current level at which the circuit breaker will trip after the set time delay.
 The short-time pickup (Isd) sets current level (below instantaneous trip level) at which
circuit breaker will trip after the preset time delay.
 Standard Practice for Setting:
 No trip for a current below 80% of the short time setting
 Trip for a current equal to 120% of the short time setting
 The trip time is Less than 0.2 s for a short time protection with no time delay and equal to
the value of the time delay tsd for a protection with time delay

(D) Short time delay Setting ™:

 Short Time delay sets the amount of time the breaker will carry both a low level and high
fault currents before tripping.
 tm sets length of time the circuit breaker will carry a short circuit within the short-time
pickup range.
 Delays bands are labeled in seconds of short-circuit current at 10 times the ampere rating.
 The short time delay can be set to I2t On and I2t OFF settings (Inverse Time Delay).
 (A) I2t OFF: Gives Constant time delay usually in multiplication of 0.5 sec. It has not
inverse-time delay Characteristic. It is used for coordination with other circuit breakers
with electronic trip devices and for coordination with thermal-magnetic circuit breakers.
  (B) I2t ON :Gives an inverse-time delay that resembles the time/current characteristics
of fuse It is used for coordination with fuses and upstream transformer

(3) For Instantaneous Trip (Short Circuit Protection):

(E) Instantaneous Pickup Setting (Ii):

 Instantaneous protection is time-independent.

 It is determines the level of fault current that will actuate a trip with no time delay.
 Ii value (multiplied by the ampere rating (In)) sets the short-circuit current level at which
the circuit breaker will trip with no intentional time delay.
 This protection trips to eliminate quickly high value currents and its trip times cannot be
set
 The instantaneous function will override the short-time function if the instantaneous
Pickup is adjusted at the same or lower setting than the Short Time Pickup.
 Standard Practice for Setting:
 No trip for a current below 80% of the instantaneous setting
 Trip for a current equal to 120% of the instantaneous setting
 The trip time is less than 0.2 second.

(4) For Ground Fault Protection:

(F) Ground Fault Pickup Setting (Ig):

 It is determines the level of fault current at which the ground fault trip delay countdown
is actuated.
(G) Ground Fault Delay Setting (Itg) :

 It is determines the amount of time the breaker will carry a ground fault before tripping.
 It can be set to I2t On and I2t OFF settings.
 (A) I2t Response:I2t Out ,For coordination with other circuit breakers with electronic trip
devices and for coordination with thermal-magnetic circuit breakers.
 (B) I2t Response: I2t In ,For coordination with fuses and upstream transformer

Example for Settings of MCCB for Protections

Example1: We have Sub feeder MCCB Size of 2000A, Short Circuit Current is 4000A.
Maximum Load Current is 1000A .What is Over current (Long Time) and Short Circuit (Short
Time) and Instantaneous setting of MCCB.

 Here In=2000A

Over current Setting:

 Dial Setting=(Load current / MCB Rating) =1000/2000=0.5 , set Dial at 0.5

 Over current Setting Ir=0.5xIn =0.5X2000=1000A
 For Set Over Current Time Delay: It is necessary to overview Over current Time delay of
downstream MCCB and Upper stream MCCB for better coordination otherwise for
downstream fault upper stream MCCB gives tripping.
 Downstream Over current Time Delay< Over current Time Delay< Upper stream
Over current Time Delay.
 In Our example it is last MCCB in circuit and upper stream MCCB Over current delay
setting is 2 Sec so Select tr=1 Sec.

Short Circuit Current Setting:

 Dial Setting=( Short Circuit Current/ MCB Rating) =4000/2000=2

 Short Circuit Setting Isd=2xIn=2×2000=4000A
 Downstream Short current Time Delay< Short current Time Delay < Upper stream
Over current Time Delay Short current Time Delay
 Our example it is last MCCB in circuit and upper stream MCCB Short Circuit current
delay setting is 0.4 Sec so Select Isd=0.2Sec.
 For coordination of other MCCB we need I2t ON with 0.2 Sec delay.

Instantaneous Tripping Setting:

 Instantaneous Tripping gives instant tripping without any delay for switching or short
Circuit current.
 Instantaneous Tripping >= Short Circuit Tripping Setting
 If We can set Ii=3xIn =3×2000=6000A , It will full fill our requirement
 Here Ii>Isd=6000A>4000A.
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