kPa/m psi/ft bar/m W kW HHp Hp

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1000Pa = 1.0kPa
0 01000kPa = 1.0MPa0 0 0 0 0
1.0MPa = 145psi
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0

kgf/cm2 kPa psi mm Hg (Torr) in Hg in water std atmo milibars bars

0.3 29.41995 4.267002 220.66830712 8.6877333182 118.11320955 0.2903222691 294.1995 0.2941995
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
70.30695408 6894.757 1000 51715.07 2036.0274774 27680.607966 68.038934381 68947.57 68.94757
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 cm3 Litres m3 in3 ft3 yards3 gallons US gallons Cdn BBLs
10000 1 0.001 61.023744095 0.0353146667 0.0013079506 0.2641720184 0.2199681145 0.00628981
1000 1 0.001 61.023744095 0.0353146667 0.0013079506 0.2641720184 0.2199681145 0.00628981
1000000 1000 1 61023.744095 35.314666721 1.3079506193 264.17201839 219.96811455 6.2898099616
16.387064 0.016387064 1.638706E-05 1 0.0005787037 2.143347E-05 0.0043290038 0.0036046316 0.0001030715
28316.846592 28.316846592 0.0283168466 1728 1 0.037037037 7.4805185185 6.2288033548 0.1781075838
764554.85798 764.55485798 0.764554858 46656 27 1 201.974 168.17769058 4.8089047619
3785.4122708 3.7854122708 0.0037854123 231.00002971 0.1336805727 0.0049511323 1 0.83267 0.023809366
4546.1134313 4.5461134313 0.0045461134 277.42086265 0.1605444807 0.0059460919 1.2009559609 1 0.028594
158988.36928 158.98836928 0.1589883693 9702.0655611 5.6146212738 0.2079489361 42.000278413 34.972371826 1

Also Pump Output/min or Flowrate.

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WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 Wind Speed
Beaufort
Scale knots km/hr m/sec
0 0-1 0-1 0-0.2
1 knot is a1-3
The 1-5
speed measuring unit.0.3-1.5
m/sec m/min km/h ft/sec ft/min miles/hr knots
Is2 used to measure
4-6 6-11 of ships,
the speed 1.6-3.3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
aircraft, wind7-10 12-19
and currents. 3.4-5.4
4 11-16 20-28 5.5-7.9
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
1.0knot 17-21
= 1.0Nautical 29-38
Mile/hr 8.0-10.7
6 =22-27
1.852km/hr39-49 10.8-13.8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 =28-33
1852m/hr 50-61 13.9-17.1
8 34-40 62-74 17.2-20.7
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 41-47 75-88 20.8-24.4
10 48-55 89-102 24.5-28.4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 56-63 103-117 28.5-32.6
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 63+ 117+ 32.6+

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A Nautical mile is eq
length of 1/60 of a d
minute degree) of th
mm cm m km Inches Feet Yards Miles Naut. Miles circumference at the

1 0.1 0.001 0.000001 0.0393700787 0.0032808399 0.0010936133 6.213712E-07 0.00000054

10 1 0.01 0.0001 0.3937007874 0.032808399 0.010936133 6.213712E-06 5.399568E-06
1000 0.01 1 0.001 39.37007874 3.280839895 1.0936132983 0.0006213712 0.0005399568
1000000 100000 1000 1 39370.07874 3280.839895 1093.6132983 0.6213711922 0.5399568035
25.4 2.54 0.0254 0.0000254 1 0.0833333333 0.0277777778 1.578283E-05 1.37149E-05
304.8 30.48 0.3048 0.0003048 12 1 0.3333333333 0.0001893939 0.0001645788
914.4 91.44 0.9144 0.0009144 36 3 1 0.0005681818 0.0004937365
1609344 160934.4 1609.344 1.609344 63360 5280 1760 1 0.8689762419
1852000 185200 1852 1.852 72913.385827 6076.1154856 2025.3718285 1.150779448 1

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WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
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 S G (=g/cm3) kg/m3 kg/Litre ppg Lb/ft3 Lb/BBL Lb/in3
1 1000 1 8.3454063545 62.427979143 350.50703883 0.0361270739
0.001 1 0.001 0.0083454064 0.0624279791 0.3505070388 3.612707E-05
1 1000 1 8.3454063545 62.427979143 350.50703883 0.0361270739
0.1198264 119.8264 0.1198264 1 7.48052 41.999996638 0.0043289772
0.0160184586 16.01845861 0.0160184586 0.1336805463 1 5.614582494 0.0005787
0.0028530098 2.8530097522 0.0028530098 0.0238095257 0.1781076333 1 0.0001030709
27.680071796 27680.071796 27.680071796 231.00144706 1728.0109448 9702.06 1

Celsius Kelvin Fahrenheit Rankine kg/m3 γ60 (=SG) o

API60
1 274.15 33.8 493.47 1000 1 10.0
-272.15 1 -457.87 1.8 1068 1.068 1
-17.22222222 255.92777778 1 460.67 o
APIT Fahrenheit o
API60
-272.5944444 0.5555555556 -458.67 1 1 1 6.9

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Written by Vass Karatzas
WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 L/m m/L m3/m m/m3 gal/ft ft/gal ft3/ft ft/ft3 bbl/ft ft/bbl
1 1 0.001 1000 0.0805198361 12.4193 0.0107639 92.903129906 0.0019171338 521.612
1 1 0.001 1000 0.0805196 12.41933641 0.0107639151 92.903 0.00191713 521.61303615
1000 0.001 1 1 80.519836062 0.0124193 10.7639 0.0929031299 1.91713 0.5216130362
1000 0.001 1 1 80.5196 0.0124193364 10.763915051 0.092903 1.9171338083 0.521612
12.4193 0.0805198361 0.0124193 80.519836062 1 1 0.133681 7.4804946103 0.0238095 42.000042
12.41933641 0.0805196 0.0124193364 80.5196 1 1 0.1336805463 7.48052 0.0238095238 42
92.903129906 0.0107639 0.0929031299 10.7639 7.4804946103 0.133681 1 1 0.1781077124 5.61458
92.903 0.0107639151 0.092903 10.763915051 7.48052 0.1336805463 1 1 0.1781077124 5.61458
521.612 0.0019171338 0.5216130362 1.91713 42.000042 0.0238095 5.61458 0.1781077124 1 1
521.61303615 0.00191713 0.521612 1.9171338083 42 0.0238095238 5.61458 0.1781077124 1 1

Annular Capacities or Volume Gradients and the Inverse Values.

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WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 kg/m lb/ft lb/in N.m daN.m kg.m ft.lbf
0 0 0 1350 135 137.6146789 995.70886358
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0

1000daN 1000lbf Tonnes Kilograms Gram Lbs Ounces Short tons Long tons
1 2.2480892366 1.0193679918 1019.3679918 1019367.9918 2247.3221203 35957.153925 1.1236610601 1.0032688037
0.4448222 1 0.4534375127 453.43751274 453437.51274 999.65876965 15994.540314 0.4998293848 0.4462762365
0.981 2.2053755411 1 1000 1000000 2204.623 35273.968 1.1023115 0.9842066964
0.000981 0.0022053755 0.001 1 1000 2.204623 35.273968 0.0011023115 0.0009842067
0.000000981 2.205376E-06 0.000001 0.001 1 0.002204623 0.035273968 1.102312E-06 9.842067E-07
0.000444974 0.0010003413 0.0004535923 0.4535922922 453.5922922 1 16 0.0005 0.0004464286
2.781088E-05 6.252133E-05 2.834952E-05 0.0283495183 28.349518262 0.0625 1 0.00003125 2.790179E-05
0.8899480773 2.0006826936 0.9071845844 907.18458439 907184.58439 2000 32000 1 0.8928571
0.9967418466 2.2407646169 1.0160467345 1016.0467345 1016046.7345 2240 35840 1.12 1

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Written by Vass Karatzas
WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 mm2 cm2 m2 Hectares km2 in2 ft2 yards2 Acres miles2
1 0.01 0.000001 1E-10 1E-12 0.0015500031 1.076391E-05 0.000001196 2.471054E-10 3.861E-13
100 1 0.0001 0.00000001 1E-10 0.15500031 0.001076391 0.000119599 2.471054E-08 3.861E-11
1000000 10000 1 0.0001 0.000001 1550.0031 10.763910417 1.1959900463 0.0002471054 3.861E-07
10000000000 100000000 10000 1 0.01 15500031 107639.10417 11959.900463 2.4710538147 0.00386102
1E+12 10000000000 1000000 100 1 1550003100 10763910.417 1195990.0463 247.10538147 0.38610216
645.16 6.4516 0.00064516 6.4516E-08 6.4516E-10 1 0.0069444444 0.0007716049 1.594225E-07 2.491E-10
92903.04 929.0304 0.09290304 9.290304E-06 9.290304E-08 144 1 0.1111111111 2.295684E-05 3.587E-08
836127.36 8361.2736 0.83612736 8.361274E-05 8.361274E-07 1296 9 1 0.0002066116 3.2283E-07
4046856422 40468564.224 4046.8564224 0.4046856422 0.0040468564 6272640 43560 4840 1 0.0015625
2.589988E+12 25899881103 2589988.1103 258.99881103 2.5899881103 4014489600 27878400 3097600 640 1

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Written by Vass Karatzas
WHITE TOWER CONSULTING Ltd.
Comments: vkaratzas@sprint.ca
 1/64 1/128 00/256 00/1000 % (0.01=1%) ppm
064/64 0128/128 0256/256 01000/1000 100.00% 1000000
064/64 0128/128 0256/256 01000/1000 100.00% 1000000
064/64 0128/128 0256/256 01000/1000 100.00% 1000000
064/64 0128/128 0256/256 01000/1000 100.00% 1000000
00/64 00/128 00/256 00/1000 1.00% 10000
00/64 00/128 00/256 00/1000 0.00010% 1

L/tonne L/kg (=cm3/g) m3/tonne gal/lb ft3/lb bbl/lb

1 0.001 0.001 0.000119826 1.601846E-05 0.000002853
1000 1 1 0.119826 0.0160184595 0.0028529903
1000 1 1 0.119826 0.0160184595 0.0028529903
8345.4342129 8.3454342129 8.3454342129 1 0.133681 0.0238094432
62427.975651 62.427975651 62.427975651 7.4804946103 1 0.1781064118
350509.42308 350.50942308 350.50942308 42.000142129 5.614621 1

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