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SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING

(STICK WELDING)

• is an arc welding process in which


coalescence of metals is produced by
heat from an electric arc that is
maintained between the tip of a covered
electrode and the surface of the metal in
the joint being welded.
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING
(SMAW)
WELDING ELECTRODE

SHIELDING COVERING
GAS CORE
WIRE

BASE METAL
FUNCTIONS OF
ELECTRODE COVERING
1. Provides gas to shield the arc.

2. Provides scavengers, deoxidizers, and fluxing


agents.

3. Provides a slag blanket.

4. Provides a means of alloying elements.


CHECK AND MAINTENANCE
BEFORE WORK

1. WELDER AND EQUIPMENT

•Provide correct power switch fuses.


•Holder insulation must be good.
•Equipment must be grounded properly.
•Welding cable must not be damaged.
CHECK AND MAINTENANCE
BEFORE WORK
2. CLOTHES AND PROTECTORS

•Correct working clothes must be worn.


•Use safety shoes.
•Proper welding face protector or goggles must
be ready for use.
•Workers must wear proper gloves, arm covers,
apron and foot covers.
•Use safety belts/body harness for working up high.
CHECK AND MAINTENANCE
BEFORE WORK
3. WORK CONDITIONS

•Use a plate or screen to protect third parties.


•Eliminate flammable or explosive matter near
the working site.
•Provide proper fire extinguisher at the working
site.
•Check ladders, scaffolds, and work supports for
work place higher than 2 m.
HAZARDS IN WELDING WORKS

1. Electric Shock 2. Fumes and Gases


HAZARDS IN WELDING WORKS

3. Welding Sparks 4. Arc Rays

5. General Work Area


CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

1. Electric Shock

 Insulate welder. Use rubber mat or dry wood.

 Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

 Do not touch electrically “hot” parts or electrode with


bare skin or wet clothing.
 Keep electrode holder and cable insulation in good
condition.
CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

2. Fumes and Gases

 Proper ventilation. 2,000 cu. ft. per min. of air per welder.

 Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

 Provide room with at least 10,000 cu. ft. per welder


with a ceiling height of at least 16 ft.
CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

3. Welding Sparks

 Do not weld on containers which have held combustible


materials.
 Remove flammable materials from welding area or
shield.
 Keep fire extinguisher in the welding area.

 Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).


CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

4. Arc Rays

 Always use helmet or mask when welding.

 Use correct lenses.


FILTER SHADE SELECTION

OPERATION ARC MIN. SUGGESTED


CURRENT SHADE SHADE
(amp)

Shielded Metal 60 7 9
Arc Welding
60 - 160 8 10
160 - 250 10 12
250 - 550 11 14
CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

5. General Work Area

 Keep cables, materials, tools neatly organized.

 Connect work cable as close as possible to area where


welding is being performed.

 Always disconnect power to equipment before servicing.


HOT WORK PERMITS

What is a HOT WORK PERMIT?


A written permit or authorization
before welding or cutting
operations are allowed in
establishments in which the area
shall be inspected by the safety
man indicating therein the
precautions to be followed to
avoid fire or accidents.
HOT WORK PERMITS

Definition:
HOT WORK is any work using open flames
or sources of heat that could ignite
materials in the work area.

Welding
Brazing
Soldering
Oxy-acetylene cutting
HOT WORK PERMITS

Procedures:

Before beginning hot


work, contact the Fire
Marshal, Safety Officer,
or Maintenance Manager
to have a How Work
Permit issued.
HOT WORK PERMITS

Effectivity:

Permits are issued for


the specific job being
done, and for a specific
time period. The time
period is usually for the
working shift, but may
never exceed twenty four
hours.
CUTTING – WELDING – HOT WORK PERMIT
This form is to be fill out in its entirety by the responsible person actually performing the “HOT WORK” and
then brought to the Safety Officer for approval prior to beginning the project.

Company: Date:
Responsible Person: Start time:
Work to be performed: Building:
Is it possible to perform this work in the shop? Room Number, Area or Equipment:
Yes____ No____

Please place a check mark if the following items have been completed

Flame or spark-producing equipment to be used has been inspected and found in good repair. ____
Sprinklers, whre provided, are in commission and will not be taken out of service while this work is being
done. ____
There are no combustible fibers, dusts, vapors, gases or liquids in the area. Tanks and equipment previously
containing such materials have been purged. The absence of gases or vapors has been verified by a
combustible gas detection instrument. If there is a possibility of a leak developing in nearby piping,
equipment, or tanks, this area is being continuously monitored. Call the Safety Officer if assistance is
needed to test area. ____
Fire alarms will not be taken out of service while work is being performed. If alarm system must be
inactivated during work then Safety Officer will be contacted prior to taking alarm out of service so that a
suitable “fire watch” can be coordinated. Under no circumstances will fire alarms be taken out of
service without contacting the Safety Officer. ____
The work will be confined to the area or equipment specified on this permit. ____
Surrounding floors have been swept clean and, if combustible, wet down. ____
Contractor has ample portable fire extinguishers available and trained personnel to use them. ____
All combustibles have been relocated 35 feet from the operation and the remainder protected with metal
guards of flame-proofed curtains or covers (not ordinary tarpaulins). ____
All floor and wall openings within 35 feet of the operations have been tightly covered. ____
Responsible personnel have been assigned to provide a “Fire Watch” for dangerous sparks in the work area,
as well as on floors above and below while work is being performed. ____
Arrangements have been made to provide a “Fire Watch” to patrol the area, including floors above and
below, duringany lunch or rest period and for at least one-half hour after the work has been completed.
____

I attest that the above precautions have been taken

_____________________________________
Person Responsible for Performing Hot Work

Approved

_____________________________________
Name of Safety Officer and Date

NOTE: This permit expires 24 hours after the designated “start time”.
If work is to continue another permit must be issued.

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