Client: Job No: Page: 1 of

Project: Software Validation Prep by: ACO Date: 4/28/2003

Subject: Restriction Orifice Sizing rev 0.xls Checked by: Date:
File/Calc No: PEL-BMS--CAL-P-0802 Ap'd by: Date:

1 Aim

To Validate restriction orifice sizing rev 0.xls

This software provides preliminary sizes for restriction orifices for a vapour and liquid service based on the guidelines
provided in section 3, page 3-10 to 3-17, GPSA (11th edition) 1998, SI units copy.

2 Vapour Service

Input data taken from section 3, example 3.1, page 3-10 on reference 1.

Line size (D), with flange taps = 100mm, which gives a nominal line size of 4 inches.
Relative density (G) = 0.7, where Relative Density = Density of gas
1.
Density of air at 15 0 C

Where the density of air at 150C = 1.225 Kg/m3 (See reference 2)

So the density of gas (ρ) = 1.225 X 0.7 = 0.8575 Kg/m 3.

Flowing temperature (TF) = 380C.

Flowing Pressure (inlet pressure to orifice), P F = 517 KPa (abs) or 5.17 bara.
Volume flowrate (QH) = 402.1 m3/hr
Desired Differential pressure (hw) = 1270 mm of water
Desired Differential pressure (hw) =
 .10 6
2.
 W ater .g
where ρwater = density of water at 150C = 998 Kg/m3
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
P = Differential pressure in Kpa

1270 x 9 . 81 x 998
so from equation 2, P =  12 . 43 KPa ( 0 . 124 bar )
10 6
Note, all the input variables can be obtained from the hysys datasheet and those that are not easily obtained from the
datasheet, such as the differential pressure in mm of water and the relative density, I have shown above how to
calculate such parameters.

To determine the approximate orifice size required, the corresponding F B (Basic Orifice Factor) is to be calculated.
The Formula for the basic orifice factor (FB) is :

QH
FB  3.
FTF . FG . hW . PF

Self Check:
Date:

Electronic File Reference: 'file:///conversion/tmp/scratch/389452477.xlsx'#$Calc Sheet 1

 Client: Job No: Page: 2 of
Project: Software Validation Prep by: ACO Date:
Subject: Restriction Orifice Sizing rev 0.xls Checked by: Date:
File/Calc No: PEL-BMS--CAL-P-0802 Ap'd by: Date:

Where FTF = Flowing temperature factor

FTF = 288 288

  0.9623
273  TF 273  38

FG = Relative density factor

FG = 1.000 1.000
  1.1952
G 0.7

Substituting all these figures into equation 3 gives:

FB = 402.1
 0.4315
0.9623 x 1.1952 x 1270 x 517

Referring to the FB table in Section 3, Fig 3.16, page 3-11 on reference 1, for a 100mm line size with flange taps,
access the FB value which approximates the calculated F B.
A 25.4 mm (1 inch) orifice size is selected which has a 0.4323 F B value.

3 Liquid Service

Input data taken from section 3, example 3-5, page 3-17 on reference 1.

Line size, (D), with flange taps = 77.93mm, which gives a nominal line size of 3 inches.
Specific gravity, (G), at 150C = 0.69, where

Specific Gravity = Density of liquid

Density of water at 15 0 C

Density of water at 150C = 998 Kg/m3

Density of Liquid (ρ) = 998 x 0.69 = 688.6 kg/m3

Flowing temperature (TF) = 4.40C

Volume Flowrate (QH) = 12.87 m3/hr
Desired differential pressure (hW) = 1270 mm of water which is equivalent to 12.43 KPa

To determine the approximate orifice size required, the corresponding F B value (Basic Orifice Factor) is to be calculated.
The Formula for the basic orifice factor (FB) for liquid service is:

QH
FB  4.
FGT . hW

Self Check:
Date:

Electronic File Reference: 'file:///conversion/tmp/scratch/389452477.xlsx'#$Calc Sheet 2

 Client: Job No: Page: of
Project: Software Validation Prep by: ACO Date:
Subject: Restriction Orifice Sizing rev 0.xls Checked by: Date:
File/Calc No: PEL-BMS--CAL-P-0802 Ap'd by: Date:

Where FGT = density - temperature factor for liquids.

FGT = 0.3528 see fig 3-3, reference 1.

5.
G1

FGT = 0.3528
 0.4247
0.69

Substituting these figures into equation 4, gives

FB = 12.87
 0.8503
0.4247 x 1270

Referring to the FB table in section 3, Fig 3-16, page 3-11 on reference 1, for a 77.93 mm line size with flange taps,
access the FB value, which approximates the calculated F B.

A 38.10 mm orifice diameter is selected, which has a 1.0122 F B value.

4 References

1. Section 3, Measurements, pages 3-10 to 3-17, GPSA (11th Edition) 1998, SI units.
2. Appendix A, page A-10, Air density table, Flow of Fluids, through valves, fittings and pipe, CRANE (metric edition).

Self Check:
Date:

Electronic File Reference: 'file:///conversion/tmp/scratch/389452477.xlsx'#$Calc Sheet 3