1.

INTRODUCTION

Steganography is the art and science of communicating in a way which

hides the existence of the communication , which is the art of hiding information
in ways that prevent the detection of hidden messages . Steganography , derived
from Greek , literally means " covered writing " . It includes a vast array of secret
communications methods that conceal the message's very existence . These
methods include invisible inks , microdots , character arrangement, digital signatures,
covert channels , and spread spectrum communications.

Steganography and Cryptography are cousins in the spy craft family. A

message in cipher text , for instance , might arouse suspicion on the part of the
recipient while an " invisible " message created with Steganography methods will
not. In contrast to Cryptography ,where the " enemy " is allowed to detect,
intercept and modify messages without being able to violate certain security premises
guaranteed by a Cryptosystem ,the goal of Steganography is to hide messages inside
other " harmless " messages in a way that does not allow any " enemy " to even
detect that there is a second secret message present.

Now Steganography is gaining new popularity with the current industry

demands for digital watermarking and fingerprinting of audio and video.
Steganography in images has truly come of age with the invention of fast
,powerful computers. The most popular technique in image Steganography is
Least Significant Bit Insertion . More precisely , as Kuhn puts it :

The goal of Steganography is to hide messages inside other harmless

messages in a way that does not allow any enemy to detect that there is a
second secret message present.
The advantage of Steganography is that it can be used to secretly
transmit messages without the fact of the transmission being discovered .Often,
using encryption might identify the sender or receiver as somebody with some-
thing to hide . For example ,that picture of your cat could conceal the plans for
your company's latest technical innovation. However ,Steganography has a number of
disadvantages as well .Unlike encryption ,it generally requires a lot of overhead to hide
a relatively few bits of information . However , there are ways around this . Also,
once a Steganographic system is discovered , it is rendered useless. This problem,
too , can be overcome if the hidden data depends on some sort of key for its
insertion and extraction.

The next chapter presents a detailed discription about the what

the whole project is all about and how it is implemented.
3.REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Object oriented analysis is basically concerned with the decomposition of a problem

into its component parts and establishing a logical model to describe the system
functions. We follow this analysis as for the project.

3.1 Object Oriented Analysis ( OOA ) approach consists of the following steps :

1) Understanding the problem :

This is the first step in the analysis process . The problem statement should be
refined and redefined in terms of computer system engineering that could suggest a
computer based solution . The problem statement should be stated , as far as possible , in
a single , grammatically correct sentence . The problem statement provides the basis for
drawing the requirements specification of both the user and the software .
Therefore the problem statement is

“ This project attempts to make use of the standard steganographic

tool and some modified version of standard encryption algorithm to perform the task of
data hiding for the purpose of observing privacy “.

3.2 Requirements Specifications :

Once the problem is clearly defined , the next step is to

understand what the proposed to do. Based on the user requirements , the
specification for the software should be drawn . The developer should state clearly
What outputs are required ?

A set of screens displaying the output of data hiding and retrieval of

hidden data .
What inputs are necessary ?

Various interactive inputs that take the user through the different
stages encountered during the execution of the application .
What processes are involved to produce these outputs ?

Entering the text , choosing the picture , encoding , decoding

display .

3.2.1 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

Processor : Pentium.
RAM : 64 MB.
Hard Disk : 2 GB.
Cache : 512 KB.
Monitor : SVGA Color Monitor.
Keyboard : 101 keys.
Mouse : 2 buttons.

3.2.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

OPERATING SYSTEM
A multimedia PC running a windows 98 , 2000 or XP operating system .

3.2.3 TOOLS
MICROSOFT VISUAL C++ 6.0 ,MS ACCESS
 3.3 Identification of objects :
Objects can often be identified in terms of the real world objects as well as the
abstract objects . Their applications can be best analyzed by using the data flow diagrams.

Design is concerned with the mapping of objects in the problem space into
objects in the solution space and creating an overall structure and computational
models for the system . This stage normally uses the bottom - up approach to build the
structure of the system and the top- down functional decomposition approach to
design the class member functions that provides services .
The steganographic process basically involves encoding , decoding and checking if
encodable . These are the basic functions of the class codec and the pic codec class .
The encryption process is handled by the crypt and objects .The remaining objects are
the various dialogs for display and interaction with the user .

3.4 The main aim:

The user should be able to conceal a text message in an image file without any
visible alterations to the image as such. I.e. there should not be any noticeable changes to
the coloring or the position of the various objects in the image.

3.4.1 Sub: aims:

It is preferred that we use a windows based front end.

The user should be able to pick out the image file he wants to use in the hiding
process.

The format of the image files which can be used for the hiding process should be
24-bit bitmap.

User should be able to enter the text message he wants to hide.

 User should be able to view the image before and after the hiding process is
complete. It is preferable that a new image be created and displayed with the old
image which will allow the user to compare the original image with the new one
which will help him to decide whether his choice of image file was appropriate or
whether he needs a new one.

User should be able to transfer the image freely without any problems. I.e. he
should be able to copy the new image file. Send or trade it with others without any
special hardware requirements other than the normal communication systems
available with a computer.

There should be a encryption process to encrypt the text for better security.

The user must be able to save the image in which the message is hidden in any
desired folder.

The user should be able to select and view the picture from which to decode.

When the decode is demanded the encryption key should be demanded and when
entered the decrypted text displayed.

He should be able to save the decrypted text message in a file.

The picture inside picture option should have all the above qualities like view
both, compare and decide whether to proceed, and also have an option to save the
new image where the user chooses.

To retrieve the picture the user must be able to view it, and then retrieve and
save the picture
USE CASE DIAGRAM

4.1.2 LOGIN ACTIVITY

4.1.3 CREATE NEW USER
.0.

4.1.4 HIDE ACTIVITY

4.1.5 SAVE ACTIVITY
4.1.6 RETRIEVE ACTIVITY
4.2 DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS

LEVEL 0 DFD DIAGRAM