Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Theory of Architecture
for everyone
THEORY OF DESIGN
Instructor: Architect Jose Juson
• Research of Architecture
: STYLE
THEMATIC THEORIES
• CLASSICAL
• MIDDLE AGES
• RENAISSANCE
• STRUCTURALIST
• FUNCTIONALISM
• POSTMODERNISM
- Robert Venturi
• SYMBOLIC ARCHITECTURE
• ECOLOGICAL ARCHITECTURE
CLASSICAL THEORIES
- A collection of thematic theories of design with no method of combining them into a synthesis
: DURABILTIY (firmitas)
: PRACTICALITY or “convenience”
(utilitas)
: PLEASANTNESS (venustas)
: symmetry of measures
- no documents
• Monastery Institutions
RENNAISANCE THEORIES
architecture
exteriors
• Sebastino Serlio
- Concise, facts and easily applicable rules of the five column systems
: idea of Pythagoras
: good taste
• Philibert de L’orme
CONSTRUCTION THEORY
Building Material Architectural Form
Amorphic material: Spherical vaulted
construction
Soft stone; snow
Sheets of skin or textile Cone-shaped tent
construction
Logs of wood Box-shaped construction
- Builders used a model instead of mathematical algorithms now used in modern construction
“ When there are arches… the outermost piers must be made broader than the others so that they
may have the strength to resist when the wedges under the pressure of the load of the walls, begins to thrust
to the abutments.”
- No written documents survived about theories or models to describe the magnificent vaults of
medieval cathedrals
• During Renaissance
contributed to constructions
- 1675 : Marquis de Vauban founded a building depatment in the French army called “ Corps
des Ingenieurs”
- 1747 : Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees, special school founded in Paris where new profession
specializing in construction was organized.
: Jakob Bernoulli
: Leonard Euier
PERSONAL STYLE
: the first theorist who set out to create a totally new system of architectural forms independent of antiquity
“What we call taste is but an involuntary process of reasoning whose steps elude our observation.
Authority has no value if its grounds are not explained.”
architecture
: did not create a timeless architectural style himself, he showed others the philosophical
foundation and method that they could use to develop even radically new form language
ART NOUVEAU
- The first architectural style independent of the tradition of antiquity after the Gothic style
- The example set by Art Nouveau encourage some of the most skillful architects of the 20th
century to create their private form language
THEORETICAL TREATISES
- Five points of Architecture (1926, Le Corbusier)
a. pilotis
b. free plan
c. free façade
“The crux of architecture is not the sculptural pattern, but instead the building interiors. These
can be seen as “negative solids”, as voids which the artist divides, combines, repeats and
emphasizes in the same way as the sculptor treats his “positive” lumps of substance.”
- The “personal style” of architects are not necessarily based on laws of nature or on logical
reasoning. More important is that they exhibit a coherent application of an idea which also must
be clear that the public can find it out. An advantage is also if the style includes symbolical
undertones.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
a. conservative
b. William Morris
c. John Rustrin
- Electicism
a. architecture of borrowing
1870’s
• Daniel Burnham
• Louis Sullivan
1880’s
1890’s
- built in 1863
- Person to notify:
a. Otto Wagner
c. H.P. Berlage
1910’s
b. Walter Gropius
c. Le Corbusier
1920’s
• The Bauhaus
• Established architects
b. Le Corbusier
1930’s
• International Style
1950’s
- Universalism
- Personalism
POSTMODERNISM
• Philip Johnson
SYMBOLIC ARHITECTURE
- “Building as a message”
1. Mathematical Analogy
2. Biological Analogy
3. Romantic Architecture
4. Linguistic Analogies
5. Mechanical Analogies
- Buckminter Fuller
6. Ad Hoc Analogy
- any materials that you can get or available in your environment such as wood in forest
7. Stage Analogy