98: Gobion Manor, Llanvihangel Gobion, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy
ARCHAEOLOGICAL
WATCHING BRIEF
WB2/GOB/11
Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion
Dr N. Phillips
25/03/2013
A.P.A.C. Ltd Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion WB2/GOB/11
Contents
Contents..............................................................................................................................................................1
List of Figures ....................................................................................................................................................2
List of Plates.......................................................................................................................................................3
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................4
2 LOCATION ..........................................................................................................................................5
3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ..........................................................5
4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................................................5
5 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................6
6 RECORDING METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................6
7 POST-EX PROCESSING. ....................................................................................................................6
8 WATCHING BRIEF ............................................................................................................................7
9 POST EX, FINDS. ..............................................................................................................................10
10 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION .........................................................................................11
11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................12
12 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................12
Appendix I Context records

Appendix II Photographic records
Appendix III Finds records
Cover Photograph: DSC01947 View of building prior to demolition work.
Copyright Notice:
A.P.A.C. Ltd. retains copyright of this report under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577) to reproduce map information; Copyright remains otherwise
with the Ordnance Survey.
1
List of Figures
Figure 01 Location Map

Figure 02 Site area
Figure 03 Site detail (A3)
Figure 04 Area C detail with contexts (A3)
Figure 05 Section under former east wall: AA
Figure 06 Sections trench 8: BB & CC
2
List of Plates
Plate 01 Two metal, and one salt glazed pipe in trench 1

Plate 02 Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall (flash)
Plate 03 Location of dry stone wall to house
Plate 04 View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface 400mm
Plate 05 View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed pipe exposed.
Plate 06 Excavation of South Manhole
Plate 07 Excavation of slab east of new construction, old manhole
Plate 08 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view
Plate 09 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview
Plate 10 Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview
Plate 11 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview
Plate 12 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground
Plate 13 Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground detail ceramic & glass
Plate 14 Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, top section before right angle
pipe
Plate 15 View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3
Plate 16 View along section of drainage trench approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead off, trench 4
Plate 17 Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Orange wall is external wall of
snug.
Plate 18 Demolition of snug
Plate 19 Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location
Plate 20 Section under east external wall of kitchen, detail view, TR6
Plate 21 Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8
Plate 22 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) S
TR8
Plate 23 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) E
TR8
Plate 24 Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash)
TR8
Plate 25 Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain
Plate 26 Overview of both drainage and flue channels
Plate 27 Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room floor
Plate 28 South wall of boiler room. possible heating duct or flue
Plate 29 Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951
Plate 30 Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring S
Plate 31 Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring E
Plate 32 Detail of Flag edging south edge of office
Plate 33 Detail of Flag edging centre of office
Plate 34 Detail of Flag edging north edge of office
Plate 35 Detail of drainage run under office floor
Plate 36 Overview of both drainage and flue channels
Plate 37 Bulk of finds associated with context 134
Plate 38 Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket top view
Plate 39 Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket
Plate 40 Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed bucket
Plate 41 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic
Plate 42 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail
Plate 43 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip, top view
Plate 44 17th/18th century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, top view
3
NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY
On 6th June 2011, Dr N Phillips of A.P.A.C. Ltd was contacted by Mrs L.

Hernon of Hernon Associates; agents for D & J Myrddin-Evans, of Gobion
Manor, in relation to proposed work to be undertaken at the above property.
The proposed work; to be undertaken in two phases, had arisen due to

contamination within the house from a leaking oil fired boiler.
The first phase of work; also covered by a watching brief, concerned the
removal of contaminated material.
Reinstatement of the building after remediation; phase 2, provided an

opportunity to develop the area affected and so new building work and
associated services were proposed.
As the work involved excavation of a site known to have archaeological

resources, the client was been advised to appoint an archaeologist to
undertake a watching brief during excavation work.
Dr N Phillips from A.P.A.C. Ltd. visited the site on the 17th June 2011 and
accepted the contract and produced a design brief as required.
The work produced a background of small finds across the site but one area
produced a large amount of small finds within a limited deposit, possibly
related to an earlier 18th century refurbishment of the building.
The work also produced evidence of a sequence of building development

within the site.
1 INTRODUCTION
Planning applications DC/2011/0638 & DC/2011/0639 were submitted to Monmouthshire County Council,
(MCC) in 2011 and approvals were given on 03/10/2011 and 30/09/2011; respectively, allowing for the
proposed work to proceed with the proviso of certain conditions. Of interest in this present document is the
advice given by Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust, (GGAT) in document (MON1897/JBHD),
concerning the appointment and notification to (MCC) of a suitable archaeologist to undertake a watching
brief, to a program of work outlined in a written scheme of investigation during ground works at the site. The
recommendation was that the condition should be based on Welsh Office Circular 60/96 section 22:
The developer shall ensure that a suitably qualified archaeologist is present

during the undertaking of any ground disturbing works in the development
area, so that an archaeological watching brief can be conducted. The
archaeological watching brief shall be undertaken to the standards of the
Institute for Archaeologists. The Local Planning Authority shall be informed,
in writing, at least two weeks before the commencement of the development of
the name of said archaeologist and no work shall begin until the Local
Planning Authority has confirmed in writing, that the proposed archaeologist
is suitable. A copy of the watching brief report shall be submitted to the Local
Planning Authority within two months of the fieldwork being completed by the
archaeologist.
(MON1360/JBHD)
4
This advice was included as condition 2, in DC/2011/00638 and condition 15 in DC/2011/00639.
This document is the report produced for the watching brief, by Archaeological Perspectives Analysis
Consultancy (A.P.A.C. Ltd) at Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion. NP7 9AY, fig 01.
Proposed work on the property involved demolition of part of the building and renovation of two internal
rooms, floors and walls.
Some of the work was previously reported in WB/GOB/11, a watching brief during remediation work at the
site following the leak of central heating fuel.
The development also required some addition and alteration to the services, which extended the watching
brief to the east of the house, fig 02.
2 LOCATION
The location of the site, Gobion Manor is some 5 miles east of Abergavenny on the B4598, Grid Ref 334814
209469, fig 01.
3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Gobion Manor is a Grade II listed building. Record no 2001/ 09/01/1956, (Mon CBC).
The listing states:
‘An apparently late C16 house, of two-room plan, with two storey and attic, and a storied porch. The house
appears to have been largely unaltered until the C20 when it was given outhouses at the rear and all new
fenestration, but some of these changes may have been a re-doing of C19 ones’.
(ibid.).
A full description and known history of Gobion Manor can be found in the Historical Appraisal and
Justification Statement, (Hernon 2011). It basically lists that the main house dating from the 16th century has
had various phases of renovation during its period of existence. Of specific interest to this report is that of the
northern extension and ‘out-shut’, which from Ordnance Survey mapping can be seen to have been in
existence since 1882.
The house formerly known as White house of White House Farm was included in the Regional Style Early
Renaissance Period (1599-1662) by (Fox and Raglan, 1994.154) and the date was acceptable to Newman as
late 16th century (Newman, 2000. 293).
4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of a watching brief is to establish the presence/absence of archaeological structures or other
significant features within the works area.
Should any archaeological resources be revealed, their presence will be recorded and a decision made as to
any mitigation measures.
To carry out an archaeological watching brief to the standards laid down in the Institute of Field
Archaeologists, Guideline for Watching Briefs.
This will entail a programme of observation and investigation in the specified area during ground works and
to produce an archive report of the same.
5
The specific undertaking of the watching brief at Gobion Manor, is that no excavation of the ground surface,
within the location of this planning application, will be undertaken unless the contracted archaeologist is
present to oversee the work.
5 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY
Fieldwork
Groundwork at the site entailed nine days of recording and observation during excavation work. The work
started on the 10th of October 2012 with the final day on the 8th of December 2011.
The watching brief requirement was intermittent; dictated by the work schedule.
6 RECORDING METHODOLOGY
Recording
All contexts were recorded on pro forma context sheets with an index sheet compiled. The index sheet has
been digitised with references to finds and photographs added; included in Appendix 1. The original sheets
are retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.
A photographic record of the evaluation was made utilising digital photography. An index sheet of the
photographs was compiled and later digitised with annotations; Appendix II. A full record of the
photographs has also been digitised, with metadata, and included in the archive, IIa. The original sheets are
retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.
All small finds were recorded on pro forma finds sheets together with reference to context. The sheets were
later digitised with post-ex analysis added. These are included in Appendix III. The original sheets are
retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Detailed records of the watching brief were made in order that this post-excavation report could be produced.
This record remains with A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Survey
A topographical survey was undertaken of the site by A.P.A.C. Ltd to locate the extent and location of the
work which was later reproduced on the survey plan submitted by the client’s architect, Hernon Associates,
fig 03.
The survey was of sufficient detail to locate various features relative to their surroundings and depth below
ground.
The survey was undertaken at opportune times, with all important features recorded using a Topcon GPT
3007 REDM, Reflectorless Electronic Distance Measurement, Total Station.
The location and dimensions of the evaluation trenches were also be marked at this time.
7 POST-EX PROCESSING.
Sufficient documentary research was undertaken to place the results of the evaluation in their historic
context.
6
All photographs were imported into Adobe Illustrator to compile a photographic archive before being
converted to PDF files.
All finds were cleaned, and counted by type, before being packed in labelled bags with identification as to
context. The finds were then analysed as to general date and type with further specimens being sent for
expert analysis.
A number of finds were found to be of identical fabric and from the same location. These were collected for
an attempt at refit which had some success.
The refit was undertaken using PVA glue and various support techniques to stabilise the objects whist they
dried.
Survey data was processed in ‘Civilcad 6’ with further processing and analysis undertaken in ‘AutoCAD’
before transfer to ‘Adobe Illustrator’ for publication.
Assessment and analysis of all data collected or compiled was undertaken and the results thereof compiled
into this report.
A copy of the report and the small finds will be deposited with Abergavenny Museum.
An archive of the work with digitised copies will be deposited with, the HER and the GRO.
The primary archive will be held at A.P.A.C. Ltd.
8 WATCHING BRIEF
Soils and ground conditions
The site covered three main areas: A, B & C, figs 02 & 03
 Area A is to the north and east of the site outside of the former building. Mostly tar macadam but
some paved area.
 Area B comprises the lawn to the east of the property.
 Area C is the site formerly occupied by the demolished building and containing the passage, boiler
room, office and snug.
Areas A and B were for the most part, straight forward to record being a simple sequence of deposition with
occasional cuts for former services.
Area C was a little more difficult because it comprised of a sequence of features which were restricted to
different areas of occupation. A plan view of the whole site with an inset detailing the majority of the
contexts in C can be seen in fig 04.
Description
NB: Contexts, [###] referred to below are listed in Appendix 1. Plates referred to in the text are to
be found at the end of the report with a full list of photographs given in Appendix II. Finds, {##}
descriptions can be found in Appendix III.
To reduce confusion, the following description will deal with each of the three areas in turn although this
was not the order in which the work was undertaken. Indeed, with the exception of area B the work tended to
shift back and forth between areas A & C, throughout.
7
Area A
Work began in area A with drainage trench 1 measuring 3.6m and situated 5.5m to the east of the former
office, fig 04. This trench produced the simple sequence which seemed to be characteristic of area A; the
land immediately surrounding the limit of the present buildings.
The general sequence revealed was: [100], an 8 mm, black loamy topsoil under which was [101], an 18mm
layer of black silty sand. The latter produced {6} which consisted of 3 sherds of 19th/20th century ceramic
and a small piece of green glaze 15th /16th century jug handle.
Beneath [101] was context [102], a 450mm deposit of red/black sandy clay containing a large amount of
small angular stone and 19th-20th century small finds {1, 3 & 4}. At the deepest extent of the trench was a red
sandy clay [105].
The sequence had been disturbed within the limit of trench 1 by at least two instances of pipe laying, [106-
107] & [108-109]; as can be seen in Plate 01. Each instance disturbed the ground with cut and fill episodes,
unfortunately, not very clearly defined within the narrow trench.
An altogether earlier disturbance to the sequence was discovered at the base of the west edge of trench 1.
The disturbance appeared to be the edge of a mortared wall [103]. Later work with the excavation of trench
5, fig 04; joining trench 1 to the building, produced a section through the wall, Plates 02 & 03.
The structure, [103] was a layer of rounded stone bonded with pink lime mortar to form a single feature,
800mm wide. It is possible that the work to bury the metal pipes [109] truncated the feature but there was no
continuation in the east edge of the trench. It is probable that the structure runs parallel to the east wall of the
house but that was beyond the limit of the trench. The depth of the wall was approximately 400mm and it
lay directly atop [105] Plate 04.
One further disturbance of a salt glazed pipe [115] cut [114] and fill disturbed trench some 250mm from the
wall [118] of the house and again running parallel to it, Plate 05.
The original trench 1 was continued towards the north for a further 1.7m where the excavation was widened
to reduce the level of the surface and gain access to the existing manholes fig 04, Plates 06, 07, 08, 09 & 10.
The majority of this work was within deposit [102], as found in trench 1. Finds here, {8 & 9} were also
19th/20th century. As the work progressed north of trench 1 the top surfaces of [100] and [101] were replaced
by [130-132] tarmac, chippings, red sand gravel providing a modern surface. One section of concrete [120]
was found along the east wall of the former office but this will be discussed in Area C below.
Towards the northern extremity of the levelling work [102], which still produced finds {10 & 12}, gave way
to [133], a soft black sandy clay with building rubble and a large assemblage of 19thcentury ceramics, Plate
11. Within a small area of [133]; which it was not possible to examine fully, there was a large deposit [134],
comprising a dump of c 17th/18th century ceramics and glass, Plates 12 & 13, find assemblage {19}.
Area B
Returning to trench 1, originally only 3.6m long; this was extended south by 7.3m to complete the drainage
run, fig 04. The trench was then turned east into trench 2, for a further 12m, Plate 14. Exiting from trench 2
were two parallel, 8m terminal trenches 3 & 4, Plates 15 & 16.
The stratigraphic sequence for trenches 2, 3 and 4 were identical being [100]-[101]-[105] with two instances
of 30mm metal pipe [112-116] some 150mm beneath the surface. Two sherds of 19th/20th century ceramics
were collected from [112] {5}.
[102] which had been well represented in the first part of trench 1, feathered out some meter and a half from
the pipe trenches and would seem therefore to have been the fill for them.
8
Area C
This area was a little more complex to record than A & B being basically phases of internal structures,
separated both horizontally and vertically. The area has also to be considered in two parts; the first being the
former snug and passage areas of which most of the surviving internal structure was stripped during
remediation work in WB/GOB/11, fig 04.
Work covered in this report is concerned with what was excavated beneath the old floor level in the two
trenches 6 & 8.
The second part focuses on the former boiler and office floor levels and with the exception of trench 8 does
not penetrate the sub floor levels.
The first part of area C to be described concentrates on the area where the former snug and passage stood.
The sequence, AA, shown in fig 05 is that recorded in WB/GOB/11 with inset DSC01986 alongside to
establish the continuation between both reports. Use of the same context numbers was intentional. Prior to
this watching brief, the area had been levelled to the [205]/[206] interface, Plate 17. The outer walls of the
former snug were removed for work to continue, Plate 18.
Within the levelled area, trenches 6 and 8 were excavated to provide new foundations for an extension
building abutting the west and north walls of the property, Fig 04.
Trench 6 measured 6.5m from the west wall of the existing property towards the east; its position can be seen
in Plate 19. At the junction with the east wall of the existing property. The foundation for the wall is built on
top of a sequence [208] [211] [304] [306], Plate 20. [208] is a 100mm deposit of red sandy clay sloping
towards the south, and identifiable with [155] in WB/GOB/11. Beneath [208] is [211], similar to [208] but
with a large quantity of degraded sandy pebbles. [211] is followed by [304] a 280mm deposit of sandy silt
rich in charcoal flecks and again identified in WB/GOB/11; as is [306] which underlies it.
Trench 8, measuring 3.2m x 0.5m, followed the line of the east wall of the former office, along the former
foundation of the snug, to join with trench 6, Plate 21. The lower sequence of [208] over [211] matches that
described in trench 6 above and at the same depth. Above [211] however, the sequence is disturbed by the
wall and foundation [117]/[118], fig 06 section CC, Plates 22 & 23.
The cut [119] for [118] extends through [208] and on the external face is a thick base of concrete [120] on
top of the deposition layer [102] section CC, fig 06.
The 2nd part of the area C watching brief concerns the former office and the removal of existing floor
surfaces. Prior to the watching brief, the room had been divided into three areas:
 The study/office measuring 3.09m x 3.73m

 A wine store measuring 2.2m x 1m
 The boiler room/boot store “L2 shaped measuring 3.73 x 3.11 and 1.93 into which the wine store had
been fitted.
(WB/GOB/11 fig 02)
The internal floors had for the most part had been concreted, fig 04 Plate 24, however; the western area of
the boiler house flooring had been dismantled during the emergency remediation work relating to
WB/GOB/11.
Clearance of the rubble from the boiler house revealed an intact concrete under layer [356], with a drain
[354] to the north and brick edging north and east [355], Plate 25. As the plans required that the level here
had to be reduced, it meant the removal of the brick features, Plates 26 & 27. The foundation trench for the
eastern wall [354] was cleared out with a trowel and the butt joint to the north wall of the original house
examined.
9
Plate 28 shows the view of the butt joint from above revealing a tumble of stone [363] against the bottom of
the original wall [364]. [364] has a slight batter that extends beyond the depth of the trench but it is not
known how deep the foundation is. The view along the trench in Plate 29 shows the batter of [364] with the
tumble removed.
Whilst the boiler house area was being cleared, work began on carefully removing the concrete floor from
the office, Plate 30. Once the concrete had been lifted and removed, the surface was trowelled and brushed to
reveal various brick, flagstone and mortared areas fig 04, Plates 31 & 32.
Between the boiler house and the office, the excavation reached [353] which corresponded to [208]
described above. No evidence of the wine store survived the earlier remediation work and the ground was
fairly disturbed close to the north wall. Initial surface finds assemblage {2} was collected and limited work
in this area did produce further finds {7,11 and 16} all 19th/20th century.
[352] a run of concrete seen in Plate 24 was left in place and is not understood, although it does possibly
relate to the centrally placed flagstone of feature [351], Plate 32.
Feature [351] consists of 5 flagstones that form an edge of sorts between the office and the boiler hose. The
position can be best seen in the vertical sequence of Plates 33-35. The flagstones remain in place as they
were beneath the required floor level.
The sequence: Plates 33-35 also shows that [351] has been cut by two brick covered drainage channels. The
channels differ in construction the southern one consisting of a single brick on edge, as a cover, flanked by a
single line of bricks set at 90°. This drain run leads from [362] to which it is connected by a run set at 90°,
Plate 36.
The northern drain has been covered by bricks set on edge in a 1 full/1 half, offset sequence. This drain leads
to the outer east wall from drain [354] although the salt glazed pipe discovered in the vicinity does not align
with it, fig 04, Plate 27.
The rest of the floor is paved with flat bricks in a ‘running bond’ formation except two rows west of the drain
channel leading to [362] which are laid flat in a double row.
One more section of the floor remains to be described. A rectangle of grey mortar, [360] situated between the
drainage channels and [351]. As with [352]; which is of a different material, a reason for this feature cannot
be explained
9 POST EX, FINDS.
This section takes the opportunity to present some of the post processing work done on the assemblage {19}.
The majority of the assemblage comes from the very compacted context [134] and can be seen in Plate 37
The larger items which have been refitted were actually arranged one inside/atop the other in a stack.
The refitted items are Plates 39-40 a bucket shaped earthen ware pot copper glazed on the inside. The pot
stands 250mm high with a base diameter of 270mm and a rim of 340mm. The rim has two distinct handle
grips. 36 pieces refitted 28 pieces unfitted.
1 large cream fabric bowl with cream and brown slipware decoration and a rouletted rim, measuring 428mm
in diameter. 33 pieces with one left over, Plates 41 & 42.
1 terracotta fabric bowl brown with cream slip decoration with rouletted rim, measuring 405mm diameter. 18
pieces with 9 left over, Plate 43.
10
1 terracotta fabric bowl brown with cream slip decoration with plain rim, measuring 405mm diameter. 18
pieces with 14 left over, Plate 44.
All finds were donated to Abergavenny Museum
10 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION
Reliability of field investigation
The reliability of the field investigation was good and the contractors showed great diligence and patience to
accommodate the recording work.
Nothing of any great archaeological significance was discovered during this watching brief but evidence was
recorded of changes to the property on this part of the site, mostly in connection with the many defunct
services uncovered.
Overall interpretation
The main building originally White House Farm, originated judging from its style, towards the end of the
16th century. Since its beginnings, it has been added to and developed through changing fashions and use to
become the present edifice that as seen with this work is still changing. This watching brief has recorded a
small part of the change to a small part of the building.
The extensive spread of context [102], dated to the 20th century at least, from its inclusive finds; is associated
with the waste services to east of the house. Service pipes and manhole trenches have been back filled with
this material.
To the extreme north of area A; not reached by [102], is an earlier deposition layer [133] dating to the 19th
century. Possibly an episode of ground levelling, possibly debris from building development, but certainly
producing a large amount of infill from a domestic source.
[133] however is eclipsed by the small compact deposition layer [134] which produced a vast amount of
17th/18th century ceramics. It was difficult to collect all the pieces; the first contact was spread by the digger
bucket. That said the assemblage which was actually stacked one inside the other shows that this was not a
casual loss but a deliberate act of disposal. Why it is not possible to answer but it is probable that the dishes
were complete when they were put down or buried.
The floor layer in [261] is quite complex with unusual drainage for an internal room although the drain plates
may be non contemporary with the construction. Drain [354] is placed within the room and continues
towards the outside which seems reasonable. Drain [362] however is situated on the inside of what is now an
outside wall and the drain feeding it leads from inside the same room, Plate 36; possibly not the complete
arrangement. It is worth noting the considerable step up in order to exit the building at this point.
Furthermore, the covers for both drain runs are different with that of the southern one being more
decoratively finished than the northern one which seems more utilitarian. It is possible that the brick area
may have been an external yard. This would allow for the line of flat flagstones [351] to be explained as the
edge to the yard providing an outlet for the drain leading from [362], Plate 32. It was not possible to check
the slope for flow direction as the bricks were to be left insitu. There was however, no continuation of the
drain from [362] as it crossed the expose area [353] unlike that of [354] with its less elaborate cover and
insitu pipe, Plate 27.
The last two anomalies [352] and [360] may be former wall bases centrally place in the area as a possible
division and abutted with the two drainage ditches. The sort of thing found in shelters/pens for farm animals
maybe?
11
11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to the clients: Mr and Mrs Myrddin-Evans for their assistance with access to the house. Special
thanks to Robin and the guys from Anthony Davis building contractors for their patience and assistance and
attention to detail of the work.
Thanks also for Steve Clark at Monmouth for assessing the pot and to Adam Phillips for the post ex and
cataloguing.
12 Bibliography
A.P.A.C. Ltd Archaeological Report for a Watching Brief at Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle
Gobion. WB/GOB/11. Dr N Phillips 30/09/12.
Gunter. G.W. 1991 Manor of Llanfihangle Y gobion. (Unpublished).
Hernon Associates. Plan. Existing ground floor. 2374-01 June 2011.

Historical Appraisal and Justification statement, June 2011. Hernon. L.
Gobion Manor Design and Access Statement. 2011. Hernon. L.
Historic Building Condition

Database 05/07/2011 Manor House (or Gobion Manor)/6762
Institute of Archaeologists, Standard and Guidance for an archaeological watching brief. 2001.
Code of Conduct and the Code of Approved Practice for the regulation of
Contractual Arrangements in Field Archaeology. 2002.
Standard and Guidance for the collection, documentation, conservation and
research of archaeological materials. 2001.
Management of Archaeological Projects (English Heritage 1991).
Monmouthshire County
Council Planning : DC/2011/00638. Approval of Planning Permission 03/10/2011
Delegated Report
DC/2011/00639 Approval of Listed Building Consent 30/09/2011.
WOC 60/96 Planning and the Historic Environment: Archaeology. Welsh Office
Circular 60/96.
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
A.P.A.C. Ltd, Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire. NP7 7RG
. 07734962919. Email: apac.philips@btinernet.com.
Company Registration No 5041541. VAT Reg No 826 3628 19. www.apac.ltd.uk
Director: Dr N. Phillips. D.Phil. BA (Hons). Cert Ed/FE. AIFA. AAI&S
12
ARCHIVE COVER SHEET
Site Name: Gobion Manor

Site Code: WB2/GOB/10
PRN: 01902g
NPRN : -
Listed: Grade II 2001/ 09/01/1956
Other Ref No: A.P.A.C. Ltd Report No. 195
NGR: S0 2128 0315
Site Type: Post Medieval
Project Type: Watching Brief
Project Officer: Neil Phillips
Project Dates: 2011-2013
Categories Present: N/A
Location of Original Archive: A.P.A.C. Ltd
Location of duplicate Archives: GGAT, Abergavenny Museum, Gwent RO
Number of Finds Boxes: 5
Location of Finds: Abergavenny Museum
Museum Reference: TBA
Copyright: A.P.A.C. Ltd
Restrictions to access: None
A.P.A.C. Ltd, Registered Address: 36 Hatherleigh Rd, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire. NP7 7RG
. 07734962919. Email: apac.philips@btinernet.com.
Company Registration No 5041541. VAT Reg No 826 3628 19. www.apac.ltd.uk
Director: Dr N. Phillips. D.Phil. BA (Hons). Cert Ed/FE. AIFA. AAI&S
13
Gobion Manor, llanfihangle Gobion
Fig 01: Location

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11
0 10 20 40m
adapted from: Hernon Associates 2374-09
Fig 02: Area coverd by watching brief

Brick
Concrete
Drainage
Edge of excavation
Kitchen
Flagstone
MH
Foundation trench
House walls
Old wall
Play room A
Soil pipes
Water pipes
MH
Kitchen
Patio
MH
Rear hall
B
Store Drawing room
Lawn
0 5 10
Fig 03: Site detail A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11

Inset of office
Area C B
A B
C C
361
351
MH 353
354
355 357
362
352 351
360
Former
356
Utillty
361
Trench 9
MH
Trench 8
Former Former
K
Passage
Section AA
Snug
Section CC Section BB
MAIN HOUSE
I
T
Tren
C
Trench 7
H
h6
E 0 5
N
m
MH
Trench 5
MAIN HOUSE
Tren
1ch
N Trench 2
Tre
chn
4
Tre
nc
3 h
0 5 10
Fig 04: Site detail with inset of area C, contexts

Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion.
Adapted from WB/GOB/11 Figure 08. Section under east wall of passage
A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/GOB1/11
A A0
203
204 200
205
205 209
210
206 201
201
206
metre
207
207
metre
208
301
0 1
metre
200 Wall to east

201 Foundation for 200
207 Dark grey/red sandy silt with
203 Floor scree rubble (levelling) [164]
204 Concrete base 208 Red sandy clay [155]
205 Bedding. Compacted sand/plaster 209 Dark brown sandy clay with charcoal
210 Red clay
206 Rubble fill, hardcore
Figure 05. Section under former snug with section drawing from WB/GOB/11 of same feature
A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/GOB1/11
Gobion Manor, Llafihangle Gobion
East South
0 B B C C
120
118
102 120
102 102 Black/red sandy soil with rounded

stone
117
117 Black sandy soil with flat sandstone
117 118 East wall of former snug

0.5
208 120 External concrete base
208
208 Red sandy clay
211 Red sandy clay with degraded sandy

pebbles
211
211
m
0 0.5 0 0.5
m m
Fig 06: Sections, trench 8

DSC01689
DSC01816
Plate 01: Exposed one salt glazed pipe and two metal water pipes,
trench 1
DSC01813
Plate 02: Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure Plate 03: Location of dry stone wall to house A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11
of a dry stone wall (flash)
DSC01818
DSC01815
Plate 04: View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface Plate 05: View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed
400mm pipe exposed.
DSC02046
DSC02041
Plate 06: Excavation of South Manhole Plate 07: Excavation of slab east of new
construction, old manhole
DSC02054
DSC02052
Plate 08: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Plate 09: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground,
Long view overview
DSC02049
DSC02063
Plate 10: Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview Plate 11: Excavation of slab N of new
construction, made up ground, overview
DSC02047
DSC01702
Plate 12: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground
DSC02048
Plate 13: Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground Plate 14: Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11
detail ceramic & glass backfill deposit for cut, top section before right
angle pipe
DSC01702
DSC01699
Plate 15: View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3 Plate 16: View along section of drainage trench A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11
approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead off,
trench 4
DSC01987
DSC02017
Plate 17: Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Plate 18: Demolition of snug
Orange wall is external wall of snug
DSC02010
DSC02007
Plate 19: Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location Plate 20: Section under east external wall
of kitchen, detail view, TR6
DSC02001
DSC01997
Plate 21: Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8 Plate 22: Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E
external corner of office, (flash) S TR8
DSC01779
DSC02002
Plate 23: Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E Plate 24: Boiler room floor. Drain direction
external corner of office, (flash) E TR8 shown by angled wall (bottom left) along
concrete cover (centre)
DSC01969
DSC01771
Plate 25: Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain Plate 26: Overview of both drainage and flue channels
DSC01950
DSC01968
Plate 27: Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room floor Plate 28: South wall of boiler room.
possible heating duct or flue
DSC01803
DSC01952
Plate 29: Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951 Plate 30: Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and
concrete stone flooring
DSC01805
DSC01804
Plate 31: Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and Plate 32: Detail of Flag edging south edge
concrete stone flooring of office
DSC01807
DSC01806
Plate 33: Detail of Flag edging centre of office Plate 34: Detail of Flag edging north edge of office
DSC01810
DSC01808
Plate 35: Detail of drainage run under office floor Plate 36: Brick covered drain across office
to the door
DSC03286
DSC019
Plate 37: Bulk of finds associated with context 134 Plate 38: Major assemblages of 17th/18th century earthenware bucket top view
DSC03279
DSC03283
Plate 39: Largely completed 17th/18th century earthenware glazed Plate 40: Largely completed 17th/18th
bucket century earthenware glazed bucket
DSC03289
DSC03288
Plate 41: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic Plate 42: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail
DSC03297
DSC03292
Plate 43: 17th/18th century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown Plate 44: 17th/18th century slipware
with cream slip, top view earthenware, dark brown with cream
slip, top view
A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix I Context Sheet Index
Site: Southbrook Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No:

View Portskewett ST 474 878 WB/PKW/12
CONTEXT AREA FEATURE DESCRIPTION FINDS PHOTOGRAPHS
100 Trench 1 lawn Topsoil/ Dark brown/black sandy loam (lawn) 02989
101 Trench 1 infill Dark red/brown sandy soil with small rounded 02989
stone
102 Site Deposit Light brown, fine sandy clay, no stone 02989, 03119
103 TP1 Cut Indiscernible 02989, 03139, 03140
104 TP1 cable Sheathed cable and earth strap 02989
105 TP1 fill Indiscernible 02989
106 Plot 2, Natural Yellow sand 02993, 03119, 03127,
&S3 03130, 03138, 03140
107 Cut Indiscernible
108 Trench 1 pipe Salt glazed, Leaking soiled water 02994
109 Trench 1 Fill Chippings 02994
110 Plots Tarmac 02998
1&2
111 Trench 1 cut Indiscernible 02999
& Plot 1
112 Trench 1 Shielded Electric 03120, 03121
& Plot 1 cable
113 Trench 1 Small cable Electric 03120, 03121
& Plot 1
114 Trench 1 Fill Indiscernible with brick electricity capping 02999
& Plot 1
115 Plot 1, deposit Dark red compacted sand with degraded 03119
south of sandstone areas
2. S1 &2
116 S1 & S2 Tarmac Previous building forecourt 02128, 02129
117 S2 infill Hardcore for 117 02130
118 S2 Cut Indiscernible
119 S2 infill Foundation trench 02130
Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref: 334814 09469 Appendix II
WB2/GOB/11 Digital Photographic Record A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Photo No Date Camera Size Area View Description Context Plate

DSC01690 10/10/2011 DSC-F828 1280x960 Lawn E Lawn area prior to drainage ditching
DSC01691 10/10/2011 DSC-F828 1280x960 Lawn W Lawn area prior to drainage ditching
DSC01697 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn W Lawn area at start of drainage ditching, trench 1
DSC01698 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn V Exposed one salt glazed pipe and two metal water pipes, trench 1 [100-109] P01
View along section of drainage trench approx depth 850mm. Eastern-most lead off, trench P16
DSC01699 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn NW 4
DSC01700 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn W View along trench 2 approx depth 850mm.
DSC01701 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn E View along southern-most section of drainage trench 3 P15
Trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, top section before right angle [105], [110-113] P14
DSC01702 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Lawn E pipe
DSC01703 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn E Drainage trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut, bottom detail [105], [110-113]
DSC01704 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Lawn E Drainage trench 2 showing metal pipe and sand backfill deposit for cut [105], [110-113]
DSC01705 11/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Front of house showing restored porch carrying Gunter coat of arms
DSC01706 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S View of boiler room floor and base of walls of inner division
DSC01771 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Boiler room inner division with angled step by drain P25
DSC01772 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal SW View of boiler room with later inner division of brick walls
Boiler room floor. Drain direction shown by angled wall (bottom left) along concrete cover [350-356] [361] P24
DSC01779 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E (centre)
DSC01781 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Removal of concrete skim of office floor reveals brick floor with flag edging [351-356], [361]
DSC01803 12/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring [350-351], [353], P30
DSC01804 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E Overview of office floor showing flag edging and brick and concrete stone flooring [351], [360-362] P31
DSC01805 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging south edge of office [351-353], [360] P32
DSC01806 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging centre of office [351], [360] P33
DSC01807 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Detail of Flag edging north edge of office [351], [360] P34
DSC01808 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal E Detail of drainage run under office floor [351], [360] P35
DSC01809 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office to the door [351], [360]
DSC01810 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office to the door [360], [362] P36
DSC01811 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V Brick covered drain across office adjacent to concrete patch [360], [362]
DSC01812 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W View through external door into office showing drainage cover inside of the present door [360], [362]
DSC01813 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall (flash) [100-103] P02
DSC01814 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Drainage from house Tr5 to Tr1 showing partial exposure of a dry stone wall [100-103]
DSC01815 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E View of wall from within trench. Depth below surface 400mm [100-103] P04
DSC01816 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External W Location of dry stone wall to house [100-103] [106-109] P03
DSC01817 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External N Overview of drainage trench running north west
DSC01818 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V View of drainage trench at house wall interface. Salt glazed pipe exposed. [115] P05
DSC01821 17/10/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal Stone roof tile removed from drainage ditch
DSC01947 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S View of Utility room and snug prior to demolition
DSC01950 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal V South wall of boiler room. possible heating duct or flue [353], [363] P28
View along flue. Burning evident at south wall/ boiler room which is also north wall of [353], [355], [364]
DSC01951 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S original house
DSC01952 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Detail view of wall base and burning, as in DSC01951 [353], [355], [364] P29
DSC01968 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W Salt glazed drainage revealed beneath boiler room floor [357-359] P27
DSC01969 03/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W Overview of both drainage and flue channels [353], [356] P26
DSC01985 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Section detail of former passage floor east after building removed (with flash) [205-207], [209]
DSC01986 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Section detail of former passage floor east after building removed (no flash) [205-207], [209]
DSC01987 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External SW Demolition of snug P18
Section of foundation trench for new construction. North/west, internal corner of former [200], [206-208], [210]
DSC01988 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E snug (no flash) TR8
DSC01989 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E snug (flash) TR8
DSC01990 07/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E snug (flash)marked TR8
Section of foundation trench for new construction. North/west, internal corner of former [206-208], [210]
Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) [102], [118-120], [208],
DSC01995 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S TR8 [211]
[102], [118-120], [208],
DSC01996 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (flash) TR8 [211]
DSC01997 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Overview and location for DSC01995 and DSC01996, TR8 P21
[102], [118-120], [208],
DSC01998 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (flash) TR8 [211]
Section of foundation trench for new construction. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) [102], [118-120], [208],
DSC01999 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E TR8 [211]
Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) [102], [118-120], [208],
Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) S [102], [118-120], [208], P22
Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) E [102], [118-120], [208], P23
DSC02002 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E TR8 [211]
Section of foundation trench for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (no flash) [102], [118-120], [208],
DSC02003 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E E TR8 [211]
DSC02004 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room TR8 [208], [121-126]
Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room at east external wall of kitchen [208], [211], [304], [306]
DSC02005 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W (no flash) TR6
Foundation trench for new build, east of former utility room at east external wall of kitchen [208], [211,] [304], [306]
DSC02006 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 2448x3264 External W (flash) TR6
DSC02007 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Overview of DSC02006 & DSC02007 and location [208], [211], [304], [306] P19
DSC02008 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, long view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306]
DSC02009 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, close view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306]
DSC02010 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Section under east external wall of kitchen, detail view, TR6 [208], [211], [304], [306] P20
[102], [120], [119], [208],
DSC02011 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Section of foundation trench 8 for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) [211]
[102], [118], [120], [208],
DSC02012 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Section of foundation trench 8 for new construction 2. N/E external corner of office, (flash) [211]
DSC02013 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Clearing and recording foundation trench 8 N/E external corner of office
DSC02014 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V Overview of new construction foundation trench 8, from 1st floor window towards east
Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8, from 1st floor window towards
DSC02015 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V north
DSC02016 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External V New drainage pipe across NE corner of new construction trenches 6& 8
Overview of new construction foundation trenches 6 & 8. Orange wall is external wall of P17
DSC02017 08/11/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External SW snug.
DSC02041 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NW Excavation of South Manhole P06
DSC02042 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Internal snug wall to boiler room. Barred window
DSC02043 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External S Detail of barred window from snug into boiler room
DSC02044 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal W New floor to new construction in place. Original kitchen door to utility room retained
DSC02045 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab east of new construction around central manhole [102]
DSC02046 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab east of new construction, old manhole [102] P07
DSC02047 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground [130-133] P12
DSC02048 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground detail ceramic & glass [131-134] P13
DSC02049 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview [130-134] P11
DSC02050 07/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view [130-133]
DSC02052 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External W Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, Long view P08
DSC02053 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External NE Excavation of slab N of new construction, Modern wall demolition
DSC02054 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External E Excavation of slab N of new construction, made up ground, overview P09
1st floor. Blocked up widow above snug carrying rafter from main house. Lath & plaster
DSC02055 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S above
DSC02057 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal S Original wall plate of main house?
DSC02058 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Internal NE 1st floor beams above snug and wall plates. To be retained on rebuilt wall
DSC02063 08/12/2011 DSC-F828 3264x2448 External N Finished ground reduction to east of north wing. Overview P10
DSC03234 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Sorted finds from ground reduction east of north wing
DSC03235 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Refitting 6 potential complete items
th th
DSC03236 23/11/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Final setting of 17 /18 century slipware
th th
DSC03278 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17 /18 century earthenware glazed bucket
th th
DSC03279 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17 /18 century earthenware glazed bucket P40
th th
DSC03280 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17 /18 century earthenware glazed bucket top view
th th
DSC03281 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17 /18 century earthenware glazed bucket top view
th th
th th
DSC03283 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Largely completed 17 /18 century earthenware glazed bucket P39
th th
th th
DSC03285 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Major assemblages of 17 /18 century earthenware bucket
th th
DSC03286 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Major assemblages of 17 /18 century earthenware bucket top view P38
th th
DSC03287 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic
th th
DSC03288 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic P41
th th
DSC03289 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic, top view, detail P42
th th
DSC03290 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic, top view
th th
DSC03291 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip
th th
DSC03292 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17 /18 century slipware on cream ceramic, dark brown with cream slip, top view P43
th th
DSC03295 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 2448x3264 Finds 17 /18 century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip
th th
DSC03296 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17 /18 century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, detail, top view
th th
DSC03297 08/12/2012 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds 17 /18 century slipware earthenware, dark brown with cream slip, top view P44
19 21/03/13 DSC-F828 3264x2448 Finds Bulk of finds associated with context 134 P37
A.P.A.C. Ltd. Appendix III Finds Index
Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No:

WB2/GOB/11
Find No AREA Context DESCRIPTION Period Date
th
1 A TR1 102 Green earthenware handle Late 15 early 10/10/11
th
16th
th th
2 C 353 1 piece yellow china 19 – 20 10/10/11
1 clay pipe1 black pot handle
1 piece glazed earthen ware (thin)
1 piece glazed earthen ware (thick)
th th
3 A TR1 102 3 dark green shards glass 19 – 20 10/10/11
1 dark green glass bottle end
1 shard clear glass
1 piece slate
1 thick clay pipe
1 piece blue & white china
1 small white piece china
1 white stoneware pot bottom
4 pieces stoneware with a metallic glaze?
4 A/B 102 1 piece white and clear plastic 20th 10/10/11
th th
1 piece coarse earthenware 19 – 20
1 piece glazed black stoneware
1 lump glazed black earthenware
1 piece white & blue pearl ware
17 pieces white & blue china
1 piece white & dark blue china
2 piece white & pale blue china
2 small pieces yellow stone ware
1 large piece yellow stone ware bowl rim
1 bone
1 piece white china with brown/red spots
1 piece green &white glazed pot
1 piece clear blue glass
1 piece white & dark blue emboldened design
1 piece white cup with blue and black stripes
1 piece white china with slight blue design and
partial handle
1 piece black green glass
1 small piece white china with green pattern
9 pieces white pot
5 pieces white china pot bottom (all 1 pot)
1 dark brown piece glazed earthenware
1 piece glazed earthenware
th th
5 A/B 112 1 white partial cup with handle 19 – 20 11/10/11
1 piece earthenware
th th
6 A/B 101 1 shard white glass 19 – 20 11/10/11
1 piece blue and white (Mocha Ware)
1 piece Cabled slipware
th th
1 green earthen ware pot handle 17 -18
th th
7 C 353 4 pieces blue & white china 19 – 20 14/10/11
1 half a clear and green marble
4 pieces glazed earthenware
1 small piece light blue & white china
1 piece white china with orange and blue
emboldened stripes
1 piece white stoneware with blue stripes
3 pieces white china
1 piece clay pipe
1 yellow stoneware handle
th th
8 A 102 1 iron nail 19 – 20 17/10/11
1 piece glazed earthenware
a stone
3 pieces faded light blue pot
1 piece green/grey pot
1 piece blue & white china
th th
9 A 102 1 shard earthenware pot 19 – 20 17/10/11
1 iron hinge
th th
10 A 102 1 glass marble (Codd’s stopper) 18 – 19 17/10/11
1 metal skewer
1 Flagon top stoneware
2 creamware
1 blue & white
1 bone china
th th
11 C 353 1 clear wine glass bottom 19 – 20 7/11/11
1 thin piece green glass
1 piece light blue glass
1 bone
1 piece white & blue pot with yellow glazed
underside
1 small piece yellow pot
1 light blue glass bottle bottom
1 piece glazed brown earthenware
9 pieces white china plate
1 dark green bottle base
19 shards green glass
1 dark green glass bottle neck
1 small dark green glass bottom
th th
2 pieces blue & white pearlware 18 – 19
th th
1 piece Staffordshire stoneware 17 – 18
th th
12 A 102 1 iron spike 19 – 20 7/11/11
1 piece of iron
1 bone
1 piece white plate
1 white pot handle
th th
14 C Outside 2 pieces white stoneware pot with white checks 19 – 20 8/11/11
excavation on brown background and orange and yellow
remit lines
Under kitchen 1 bone
1 piece coal
16 C 353 1 piece glazed earthenware rim 19th 08/11/11
1 partial blue stoneware handle
1 piece blue &white china
2 rims blue & white china
th th
18 A Tr 5 1 piece Staffordshire slipware 17 – 18 08/11/11
19 A 134 1 piece very smooth modern earthenware 19th – 20th 7/12/11

6 pieces light blue and white china, tin glazed
1 white cup rim with light blue lines
2 pieces dark blue and white tin glazed china
with embossed leaf design on the rim
1 piece white china with black design on edge
8 piece of green glass with one bottle neck
included
1 brown glass bottle neck
1 shard clear/blue glass
1 thick green glass bottle bottom
1 stoneware pot bottom
2 pieces glazed stoneware with seal. Brown
tops with boldened design?
1 salt glazed stoneware pot handle. Colour half
stone half brown
9 pieces of salt glazed stoneware pot stone in
colour, with light brown neck with two base
pieces
1 top edge piece dark brown stone ware pot
with lip
4 pieces of stoneware with a slight glaze with
light brown towards top?
(check salt glaze and other glaze)
1 badly fired three men on a bridge willow
pattern pot base
1 piece willow pattern cup bottom, tin glazed
2 pieces blue & white willow with Staffordshire
crown mark, tin glazed
1 piece blue and white china, willow. tin glazed
china with semi china stamp
2 pieces blue & white china with a lead glaze
54 pieces white china, tin glazed
4 pieces blue & white china cup bases
22 pieces blue & white china tin glazed
2 oyster shells
24 pieces cream ware
18 pieces cream ware plate and pot edges
3 pieces glazed black (inside) earthenware
bowl rim
3 pieces of a cream ware saucer with lip
2 pieces of cream ware
1 pieces cream ware with ribbed lines
32 pieces white china plate/pot bottoms
20 pieces white china plate lip edges
1 white china mug handle
1 piece cream/white china with emboldened
design
1 piece white china plate lip with gold trim, tin
glazed
4 piece white china, tin glazed with green
leaves a red flower and a red and black line
2 pieces of a cup with brown lines and a thick
dark brown stripe with white wavy lines
11 pieces of a cup with an orangey brown
colour, black and white stripes and a circle
picture
1 piece china with light blue thick lines (1) and
thin lines (5)
2 pieces china with green ribbed lined. And
light and dark brown lines
5 pieces white china with brown lines
1 piece white china with black and blue stripes,
with a picture, red background and black trees
2 pieces white china with ribbed blue and black
lines
1 cup lip white china with 2 blue stripes on the
outside, 1 inside
1 piece china with white feather on light blue
picture
colour and small picture
1 piece cream ware, glazed white with a light
blue design
6 shards earthenware 1 rim piece
9 pieces salt glazed earthenware, 2 rim pieces,
1 bottom
7 pieces light brown glazed earthenware, with 3
rim pieces
1 large bowl rim with glazed light brown inside
earthenware. (2 pieces put together)
11 pieces dark brown glazed earthenware
5 pieces dark brown glazed earthen ware rims
of bowl
3 pieces of dark brown glazed earthenware rim
put together,(total number of pieces 6)
1 piece glazed black earthenware 1780-1840
1 piece glazed brown earthenware 1780-1840
18 pieces pearl ware. Lead glazed
5 pieces pearl ware, lead glazed. Bowl rims.
put together to form 2 pieces 1761 - 1846
3 pieces dark brown lustre ware 1761 -1846
79 pieces white and blue, three men on a 1761 - 1846
bridge willow pattern chinosere, tin glazed
1 dark brown lustre ware jar top and spout 1761 – 1846
1 piece light brown lustre ware 1761 – 1846
1 cream ware plate edge with emboldened
edges pattern 1761 – 1846
6 cream ware plate/jar bottoms
2 pieces (makes one piece) cream ware. With 1761 – 1846
light brown picture
1 piece cream ware bowl base with 4 purpose
made holes 1670 – 1795
2 pieces (makes one piece) cream ware with 1670 – 1795
“R.Robinsons warranted fire proof” stamp on it
2 pieces slip ware. 1 is a pot base
1 large slipware bowl measuring 42.8 cm in 1670 – 1795
diameter, 33 pieces in all, put together with a
piece not in place 1670 – 1795
2 ribbed edge pieces of slipware. One with 1670 – 1795
thick brown line
2 pieces slipware
1 ribbed edge bowl measuring 40.5cm in 1670 – 1795
diameter. half complete in 18 pieces with 9
spare pieces
1 earthen ware slipware bowl. 2 pieces 1761 – 1846
complete, comprised of 18 pieces, with 14 1761 – 1846
loose. Estimated diameter as 40.5 1761 – 1846
1 large earthenware basin. Measuring 47cm in
diameter, 48.3cm from handle to handle at a
height of approximately 25cm. almost complete
in 3 large pieces, (1 almost complete rim, one
almost complete base and side and one side.)
made up of 36 pieces. 28 spare pieces copper
glazed inside?
2 pieces pot with brown and white stripes on
mustard 1 lead based white/light blue plate lip
th
20 A 133 5 dark green/black bottle bottoms 19 7/12/11
1 dark green/black bottle neck
7 shards dark green/black glass
3 thin shards green glass
2 shards blue glass
3 shards white glass
1 clear glass star shaped bottle top
1 clear glass star bottom of bottle
1 piece clear glass jar top
1 piece clear glass
1 thick clay pipe
2 bones
2 pieces earthen ware plate painted yellow with
brown
4 pieces glazed brown earthen ware
19 pieces blue and white china, 4 pieces
identifiable as 3 men on a bridge willow pattern
4 pieces light blue and white china
1 piece white china with gold decoration
4 pieces yellow stoneware bowl edge
4 pieces yellow stoneware
1 piece black stoneware?
4 pieces white stoneware
4 pieces white china
1 spark plug
2 pieces white china with brown/orange lines,
black lines and pictures
3 pieces bottom white plate
1 piece lustre ware?
1 small piece white pot with black lines
1 white edge piece with black pattern

98: Gobion Manor, Llanvihangel Gobion, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

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98: Gobion Manor, Llanvihangel Gobion, Monmouthshire. Watching Brief

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A.P.A.C. Ltd.

Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy

Gobion Manor, Llanfihangle Gobion

Appendix I Context records

Cover Photograph: DSC01947 View of building prior to demolition work.

Figure 01 Location Map

Plate 01 Two metal, and one salt glazed pipe in trench 1

NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY

On 6th June 2011, Dr N Phillips of A.P.A.C. Ltd was contacted by Mrs L.

The proposed work; to be undertaken in two phases, had arisen due to

Reinstatement of the building after remediation; phase 2, provided an

As the work involved excavation of a site known to have archaeological

The work also produced evidence of a sequence of building development

The developer shall ensure that a suitably qualified archaeologist is present

This advice was included as condition 2, in DC/2011/00638 and condition 15 in DC/2011/00639.

3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The listing states:

4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

5 WATCHING BRIEF METHODOLOGY

The primary archive will be held at A.P.A.C. Ltd.

Soils and ground conditions

The site covered three main areas: A, B & C, figs 02 & 03

 Area B comprises the lawn to the east of the property.

 The study/office measuring 3.09m x 3.73m

9 POST EX, FINDS.

All finds were donated to Abergavenny Museum

10 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION

Reliability of field investigation

Gunter. G.W. 1991 Manor of Llanfihangle Y gobion. (Unpublished).

Hernon Associates. Plan. Existing ground floor. 2374-01 June 2011.

Historic Building Condition

Management of Archaeological Projects (English Heritage 1991).

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

ARCHIVE COVER SHEET

Site Name: Gobion Manor

Listed: Grade II 2001/ 09/01/1956

Other Ref No: A.P.A.C. Ltd Report No. 195

NGR: S0 2128 0315

Site Type: Post Medieval

Project Type: Watching Brief

Project Officer: Neil Phillips

Project Dates: 2011-2013

Categories Present: N/A

Location of Original Archive: A.P.A.C. Ltd

Location of duplicate Archives: GGAT, Abergavenny Museum, Gwent RO

Number of Finds Boxes: 5

Location of Finds: Abergavenny Museum

Museum Reference: TBA

Copyright: A.P.A.C. Ltd

Restrictions to access: None

Fig 01: Location

adapted from: Hernon Associates 2374-09

Fig 02: Area coverd by watching brief

Store Drawing room

Fig 03: Site detail A.P.A.C. Ltd WB2/GOB/11

Fig 04: Site detail with inset of area C, contexts

200 Wall to east

102 102 Black/red sandy soil with rounded

117 118 East wall of former snug

211 Red sandy clay with degraded sandy

Fig 06: Sections, trench 8

Site: Southbrook Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No:

Photo No Date Camera Size Area View Description Context Plate

Site: Gobion Manor Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No: