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Sleeper pads offer the following Highly elastic sleeper pads can also
advantages: represent an economical alternative to
sub-ballast mats as a vibration-isolat-
— Reduction of maintenance expenses ing measure.
— Lengthening of the service life of the
track structure Getzner has produced sleeper pads
— Reduction of disruptive vibrations since 1990. Today, they are used
successfully around the world on all
Sleeper pads offer operators the types of railway lines, from high-speed
opportunity to significantly reduce the networks to regional transport.
annual maintenance costs for tracks
and switches.
3
2 Functioning
Principle
Load distribution
with sleeper pads
Load distribution
without sleeper pads
4
Padded sleepers
The elastic properties of the The unique properties of the Sleeper pads from Getzner
sleeper pads lengthen the polyurethane material from reduce the direct dynamic load
bending line of the rails. The load Getzner result in an ideal embed- on the ballast. They reduce
from the train is distributed over ding of the ballast in the surface shifting of the ballast as well as
a larger number of sleepers and of the sleeper pads, stabilizing settling of the track.
therefore over a larger area. This the top-most ballast layer. This
reduced average compression yields an increase in the contact
also reduces the load on the surface between sleeper and
ballast. ballast from about 8% (without
padding) to up to 35% (with
padding).
5
3 Applications
Improvement in the
long-term behavior of
ballasted track
The effective use of sleeper pads from shown that the length of tamping
Getzner results in a reduced load on intervals can be at least doubled with
the ballast. This in turn reduces this procedure. The positive effect of
ballast break-up and abrasion. sleeper padding becomes clear particu-
larly quickly in areas subject to heavy
Insufficient
Changes in track geometry
Intervention threshold quality on a test stretch in
Sufficient Austria since 2001.
Straight track section 1 (unpadded) Track section radius 425 m with padded sleeper
30
Insertion loss (dB)
20
Reduction
10 The vibrations are reduced in the
Openfrequency
critical track sectionrange, which also
reduces
Tunnel far emissions
the track bench to the
0 neighboring environment.
Amplification Tunnel near track bench
Source: Köstli K.; Sleeper Padding for Reduction of Structure-
ction Borne Noise Immissions; p. 10; conference articles, 10th
Symposium on Structural Dynamics and Vibration Measurements,
Ziegler Consultants 2007.
-10 Open track section
5 6,8 8 10 12,5 16 20 25 31,5 40 50 63 80 100 125 160 200 250
Tunnel far track bench Frequency (Hz)
31,5 40 50 63 80Tunnel
100 near
125 track
160 bench
200 250
Frequency (Hz)
7
0 200 250
Reduction of Specifically defined elas-
short wave formation ticity for padded switches
Short waves are periodic bumps in the The bedding stiffness varies over the reduces passenger comfort. In addition,
track surface. course of a switch. This is due to the vibrations are transmitted to nearby
different sleeper lengths and stiffen- buildings via the subsoil.
0.20
Average wave depth in mm
25 million t*
Without
(Track bend radius: 230 m) sleeper pad
20 million t*
0.15
8
An even load pattern is also produced, — Smoothing of deflection during train
which helps preserve the ballast. passes
— Increased passenger comfort
Sleeper pads from Getzner also — Preservation of the ballast
contribute here to lengthening the — Reduction of disruptive vibrations
intervals between tamping and — Reduction of life-cycle costs (LCC)
maintenance work. Increased passen-
ger comfort and lower life-cycle costs The deflection during train passes can
make sleeper pads from Getzner a be simulated with a specially developed
popular solution among railway computer model and optimized through
managers. the effective use of Getzner pads.
Adaptation of track
stiffness at transitions
9
4 Using Sleeper Pads
Pays Off
O ne observation is a lengthening of
intervals between tamping work by
a factor of 2 to 2.5 thanks to the use of
considered, sleeper pads are an
extremely economical investment,
particularly on track sections subject
sleeper pads. If one considers the to heavy loads.
tamping cycle as an indicator for the
achievable service life of a track,
longer periods between tamping work
120%
100
100%
80%
71
61
60%
48
Statistical analysis
40% (interest rate 0%)
23
Annual costs
20%
16 13 Depreciation
10
Operating complication costs
0% Maintenance costs
Conventional super- Superstructure
structure with 60E1 rails with 60E1 rails and
and concrete sleepers padded sleepers
10
5 Experience with
Sleeper Soles
Widely proven
Almost all major railway companies in Getzner pads that have been removed
Europe have successfully used sleeper for testing. In addition, measurements
pads from Getzner for over 18 years. taken on padded track sections also
verify the excellent quality of the
11
6 Sleeper Selection – The Right
Getzner Pads for Every Application
SLB
types
Vibration protection
Underground line
120 kN
Standard-gauge railway
SLN 250 kN
types
Freight train
Axle load (heavy axle loads)
370 kN
12
Oresund Bridge
13
7 Secure
Fastening
14
8 International
References
Getzner projects
speak for themselves
Getzner solutions can be found around Goal: Sleeper pads for vibration Goal: Elastically supported
the world – as can the Getzner team. isolation switches
— ÖBB, Austria
— DB, Germany
— SBB, Switzerland
— SNCF, France
— Bane Denmark, Denmark
— KR, Korea
— Jernbaneverket, Norway
— CR, Czech Republic
— Infrabel, Belgium
— ADIF, Spain
15
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SchwSohl. SO E © Copyright by Getzner Werkstoffe GmbH | 09-2008
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