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FRENSHAM
2014
YEAR 12
TRIAL HSC EXAMINAT ION
Mathematics Extension 1
Section I
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1 - 10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section
1 x
1 What is the domain and range of y cos 1 ( ) ?
2 2
(C) Domain: 2 x 2 Range: 0 y
2
(D) Domain: 1 x 1 Range: 0 y
2
x
3 Which of the following is an expression for (2 x 2 3
)
dx ?
2
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
1 1
4 What is the exact value of the definite integral 0 x 1
2
dx ?
(A)
4
(B)
3
(C)
2
(D)
5 How many arrangements of all of the letters of the word PROBABILITY are possible?
(A) 362 880
(B) 9 979 200
(C) 19 958 400
(D) 39 916 800
6 Find the acute angle between the lines y 2 x and x y 5 0 . Answer correct to the
nearest degree.
(A) 18˚
(B) 32˚
(C) 45˚
(D) 72˚
(A) 30 °
(B) 45 °
(C) 60 °
(D) 90o
3
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
8 What are the coordinates of the point that divides the interval joining the points A(1, 2)
and B(3,5) externally in the ratio 3:1?
(A) (2.5, 4.25)
(B) (2.5,6.5)
(C) (5, 4.25)
(D) (5, 6.5)
2x 5
9 What is the solution to the inequality x?
x4
(A) x 1 and 4 x 5
(B) x 1 and 4 x 5
(C) x 1 and 4 x 5
(D) x 1 and 4 x 5
4
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
Section II
60 marks
Attempt Questions 11 ‒ 14
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
(a) What are the roots of the equation 4 x3 4 x 2 29 x 15 0 given that one
3
root is the difference between the other two roots?
Show that
.
(d) A class consists of 10 boys and 12 girls. How many ways are there of
2
selecting a committee of 3 boys and 2 girls from this class?
5
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
(e) Point A is due south of a hill and the angle of elevation from A to the top of
the hill is 35º. Another point B is a bearing 200º from the hill and the angle
of elevation from B to the top of the hill is 46º. The distance AB is 220 m.
H
W
N
h
B O
E
A
S
(f) Factorise x 3 3 x 2 9 x 5 2
6
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
(a) The tangent at the point P(2ap, ap 2 ) on the parabola x 2 4ay cuts the x-axis
at A and the y-axis at B.
(i) Find the coordinates of M, the midpoint of A and B in terms of P. 2
(ii) Show that the locus of M is a parabola. 1
(iii) Find the coordinates of the focus of this parabola and the equation of 1
the directrix.
(b) Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove that for all positive 3
integers n:
1 2 4 ... 2n 1 2n 1
2 3
(c) Find the exact value of sin cos 1 tan 1 2
3 4
(d) Find all the angles with 0 2 for which sin cos 1 . 3
7
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
(a) (i) Show that the function f ( x) xe x 1 has a zero between x 0 and
1
x 1.
(b) A golfer hits a golf ball to clear a 6 metres high tree. The tree is 20 metres
away on level ground. The golfer uses a golf club that produces an angle of
elevation of 40˚. Take g 10 ms 1 .
(i) Derive the expressions for the vertical and horizontal components of
3
the displacement of the ball from the point of projection.
(iii) Calculate the speed at which the ball must leave the ground to just
2
clear the tree. Answer correct to one decimal place.
(c)
Consider the curve f ( x) ( x 2) 2
1
(ii) What is the domain of f ( x) ? 1
1
(iii) What is the equation of f ( x) ? 1
8
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
(b) A particle moves in a straight line and its position at any time is given by:
x 3cos 2t 4 sin 2t
(i) Prove that the motion is simple harmonic. 2
(ii) Calculate the particle’s greatest speed. 2
(d) Each rectangular table in a hall has nine seats, five facing the front and four
facing the back. In how many ways can 9 people be seated at a table if:
(i) Alex and Bella must sit on the same side. 2
(ii) Alex and Bella must sit on opposite sides 2
End of paper
9
Frensham 2014 Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1
STANDARD INTEGRALS
n
x dx
1 n+1
x , n -1; x 0 , if n < 0
n 1
1
x dx ln x, x > 0
1 ax
e e , a0
ax
dx
a
1
cos ax dx
a
sin ax, a 0
1
sin ax dx - cos ax, a 0
a
1
sec tan ax, a 0
2
ax dx
a
1
sec ax tan ax dx
a
sec ax, a 0
1 1 x
a 2
x2
dx
a
tan -1 , a 0
a
1 x
a x2 2
dx sin -1 , a 0, -a < x < a
a
x a2
1
2
dx
ln x x 2 a 2 , x a 0
x a2
1
2
dx
ln x x 2 a 2
NOTE: ln x log e x, x 0
10
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
Frensham 2014
HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Trial HSC Examination
Worked solutions and marking guidelines
Section I
Solution Criteria
x
Domain: 1 1 or 2 x 2 .
2
1 1 Mark: C
1 1
Range: 0 y or 0 y
2 2 2
P( x) x3 ax 1
P(2) (2)3 a 2 1 5
2 1 Mark: A
2a 12
a 6
x 1 1
(2 x 2 3
)
dx
2 u3
du
1 1
u 2 x2 u 2 C
3 2 2 1 Mark: B
du
2 x
dx
1
1 C
du xdx 4(2 x 2 ) 2
2
1 1 1
0 x 1
2
dx tan 1 x
0
4 0 1 Mark: A
4
4
11!
Number of arrangements (2 I’s and 2 B’s)
5 2! 2! 1 Mark: B
9 979 200
For y 2 x then m1 2 For x y 5 0 then m2 1
6 1 Mark: D
1
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
m1 m2 2 (1)
tan
1 m1m2 1 2 1
3
71.56505118
72o
7 1 Mark: A
2
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
3
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
Section II
11(a) Let the roots be , and . 3 Marks:
Correct answer.
4 x3 4 x 2 29 x 15 0
b 4
( ) 1 2 Marks:
a 4 Makes
1 significant
2 1 or
2 progress
d towards the
( ) solution.
a
1 1 15
( ) 1 Mark: Finds
2 2 4
the sum or
1 15
( ) product of the
2 2 roots.
2 15 0
2
(2 5)( 3) 0
5
or 3
2
5 1
Roots are x , x and x 3
2 2
11(b) 2 Marks:
Correct answer.
1 Marks:
Makes some
progress
towards the
solution.
4
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
5
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
In HOA In HOB
h h
tan 35o tan 46o
OA OB
h h
OA OB
tan 35o tan 46o
11(e) AB 2 OA2 OB 2 2 OA OB cos 20o 2 Marks: Correct
(ii) 2 2 answer.
h h h h
220 2 o
o
2 o
o
cos 20o
tan 35 tan 46 tan 35 tan 46
1 Mark: Uses the
1 1 cos 20 o cosine rule with
h 2
2 o
2 o 2
tan 35 tan 46
o
tan 35 tan 46
o at least one
correct value.
1 1 cos 20o
h 2 2202 2 o
2 o 2
tan 35 tan 46
o
tan 35 tan 46
o
127296.7453...
h 356.7866944... 357 m
11(f) Factors of 5 are {1, 5} 2 Marks: Correct
answer.
P(1) 13 3 12 9 1 5 0
Therefore ( x 1) is a factor of x 3 3 x 2 9 x 5 1 Mark: Finds
x 4x 5
2 one factor or
x 1 x 3x 2 9 x 5
3 shows some
understanding.
x3 x 2
4 x2 9x
4 x2 4 x
5x 5
5x 5
P( x) x3 3 x2 9 x 5 ( x 1)( x2 4 x 5)
( x 1)( x 1)( x 5) ( x 1) 2 ( x 5)
6
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
7
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
1 Mark: Sets up
the two triangles
or shows some
understanding of
the problem.
2 3
sin cos 1 tan 1 sin cos cos sin
3 4
5 4 2 3
3 5 3 5
4 5
15
12(d) Let sin cos R sin( ) 3 Marks: Correct
R sin cos R cos sin answer.
R cos 1 and R sin 1
2 Marks: Finds
R 2 (cos 2 sin 2 ) 2 and tan 1 or two angles or
4 makes significant
R 2
progress towards
the solution.
1 Mark: Sets up
the sum of two
8
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
angles or shows
sin cos 2 sin( ) 1 some
4
1 understanding of
sin( ) the problem.
4 2
3 9
, , ,
4 4 4 4
0, , 2
2
12(e) f ( x) sin 1 x cos 1 x 1 Mark: Correct
(i) answer.
1 1
f '( x) 0
1 x2 1 x2
9
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
10
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
12
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
x 2 2 x
&&
14(b) Maximum speed at && x 0 or x 0 (centre of motion) 2 Marks: Correct
(ii) answer.
x 3cos 2t 4sin 2t 0
4sin 2t 3cos 2t
3 1 Mark: Makes
tan 2t some progress
4 towards the
2t tan 0.75 n , where n is an integer
1
solution.
2t 0.6435011088 0, , 2
Smallest positive value of t for maximum speed
1
t (0.6435011088 ) 1.249045772
2
&x 3 2sin(2 1.24 4 2 cos(2 1.24...) 10
Maximum speed is 10
Alternatively using the auxillary angle method
i.e. v 6 sin 2t 8 cos 2t i.e. v 8 cos 2t 6 sin 2t
now writing this in the form v R cos(2t )
R (6) 2 (8) 2 10
6
tan 1 ( )
8
v 10 cos( 2t tan 1 0.75) which has a maximum value of 10.
14(c) T Ae kt 12 or Ae kt T 12 1 Mark: Correct
(i) answer.
dT
kAe kt
dt
k (T 12)
14(c) Initially t = 0 and T 24 , 1 Mark: Correct
(ii) kt answer.
T Ae 12
k 0
24 Ae 12
A 36
14(c) Also t = 15 and T 9 3 Marks: Correct
(iii) answer.
9 36e k 15 12
2 Marks:
21 7
e 15k Determines the
36 12 value of e kt or
makes significant
13
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
7 progress.
15k log e
12 1 Mark: Finds the
1 7 exact value of k
k log e or shows some
15 12
understanding.
0.03593310005...
We need to find t when T 0
14
Frensham Trial HSC Mathematics Extension 1 Solutions
0 36e kt 12
12 1
e kt
36 3
1
kt log e
3
1 1
t log e
k 3
30.5738243... 31 minutes
It will take about 31 minutes for the water to cool to 0ºC
14(d) Facing front: Number of ways 5 4 7! 2 Marks: Correct
(i) answer.
Facing back: Number of ways 4 3 7!
1 Mark: Makes
Total number of ways (5 4 4 3) 7! some progress
161 280 towards the
solution.
14(d) Alex facing front and Bella facing back 2 Marks: Correct
(ii) Number of ways 5 4 7! answer.
Bella facing front and Alex facing back 1 Mark: Makes
some progress
Number of ways 5 4 7! towards the
Total number of ways (5 4 7!) 2 solution.
201 600
15