eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System

Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

DMRS: demodulation reference signals

RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator
In LTE, RSSI is reported by baseband to help judge whether there is UL interference.
How to start the task in U2000:

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Value range of RSSI can be analyzed in the same way as RTWP.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Parameters explanation in ADD CELLSIMULOAD

Configure Index:
Indicates the index of a simulated load configuration. One eNodeB can store a
maximum of 10 simulated load configurations. They are identified by indexes
ranging from 0 to 9 and correspond to RB usage thresholds 10% to 100% at a
step of 10%. For example, the RB usage thresholds for simulated load
configurations 1 and 4 are 20% and 50%, respectively. Alternatively, you can
manually specify the RB usage threshold for a simulated load configuration by
setting the SimuLoadRbThd parameter in MOD SIMULOAD.
PIM can be troubleshot by adjusting the configure index to adjust the load level.
SimuLoad transmission mode:
Indicates the transmission mode adopted by the simulated load configuration. Its
value can be set to TM1, TM2, TM7(TM7), and TM8. For an FDD cell, TM2 is set;
for beamforming in TDD cells, the other transmission mode is used.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

FFT frequency scan can be taken as an assisted way for PIM determination. There is no
abnormal frequency scan result only belong to PIM, because some other interference
source also will cause the same abnormal frequency scan result as PIM interference.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

How to start the task in Web LMT:

Scan mode:
High-resolution Online Frequency: An online carrier-level scan. Signals in specified
channels are scanned for all established cells on a carrier of a specified radio access
technology (RAT).
Broadband Online Frequency: An online channel-level scan. Signals in specified channels
are scanned for all established cells.
Broadband Offline Frequency: An offline channel-level scan. Signals in specified
channels within the bandwidth of the duplexer are scanned.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Origination of narrow-band interference include:

Uplink signals from narrow-band system, e.g, GSM system
PIM interference caused by narrow-band system
Other interference source, like the single tone signals generated by some device.
When channel isn’t configured, BBU itself will generate single tone signal, which isn’t
interference, as the rightest spike in the figure.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Origination of broad-band interference include:

Repeater interference
barrage jamming
PIM interference
Other broad-band interference signals
Interference caused by repeater is a kind of common broadband interference. It will cause
the power of the whole band rising. As below figure shows:

Interference caused by repeater in

indoor coverage scenario

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Interference detection test is a kind of Huawei antenna & feeder system self test. It can be
used during site deployment as engineering acceptance.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
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The antenna channel must be in TX/RX mode, and the RF module transmits two signals with 20 W.
The frequencies of the two signals are test frequency f1 and test frequency f2.
f1 and f2 can be determined in the following ways:
If f1 and f2 are set manually, it is recommended that f1 and f2 be set as the highest and
lowest frequencies of the transmit frequency band allocated by the operator.
If they are not set manually, the system will choose two frequencies for them according to
the capacity of the RF module.
Either way should enable the generated 3-order, 5-order, 7-order and higher order IMPs within the
RX band allocated by the operator. The detection is started based on f1, f2, and the thresholds for
the IMPs. The thresholds can be set according to the requirements for inter-modulation.

2-Tone Measurement
Two signals with the power of 20 W are transmitted from the channel of a specified antenna on
frequencies f1 and f2. Check whether the level of PIMs within the RX band meets the requirement
of intermodulation suppression.
Duration: Detection on each antenna port takes 95 seconds.
Sweep Measurement
The principle of this method is the same with 2-tone measurement, but multiple pairs of frequencies
are used. Assume that the start test frequency (f1) is the lowest and the end test frequency (f2) is
highest of the test bandwidth. Frequencies are selected as follows:
Step1: fix f1, the paired frequencies are: f1, f1+∆f; f1, f1+2∆f; f1, f1+3∆f; …; f1, f1+n∆f.
Step2: fix f2, the paired frequencies are: f2-∆f, f2; f2-2∆f, f2; f2-3∆f, f2; …; f2-n∆f, f2.
Duration: It depends on the detection bandwidth and ∆f. For example, if the maximum
instantaneous bandwidth (IBW) is 35 MHz and ∆f is 0.5 MHz, the duration is about 20 minutes.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

Service-based IM detection takes samples of six periods, which alternate between

transmitting simulated load status and non-transmitting simulated load status.
Totally there are 3 groups of test. Each group is composed of one simulated load status
and one non-simulated status, between which wait 3 seconds until the transmit power of
RF modules decreases to a stable value.

Delta threshold (parameter “Delta threshold” in MML) indicates the difference of the
RTWP between full power and no power during the test in UMTS and LTE modes. If the
difference is greater than this threshold, IM interference exists.
Service rate threshold (parameter “Duty threshold” in MML) Indicates the threshold of the
current transmit power to the maximum transmit power for starting an online IM
interference test. For RF module that works in UMTS or LTE mode, when the ratio of the
current transmit power to the maximum transmit power in a cell exceeds this threshold, a
failure message is returned, if the online IM interference test is started on.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

How to start on U2000:

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System Fault Analysis 64
and Troubleshooting

How to start monitoring interface:

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

DTP test is used after PIM interference is confirmed. This test can help to determine
whether the faulty connection is on or below the antenna tower, to eliminates the need
for unnecessary maintenance on the tower and therefore reduces the maintenance cost.

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eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
Fault Analysis and Troubleshooting

FDR (Frequency Domain Reflectometer) is originally an application in military, nowadays, it

is applied to the filed of commercial communication test.

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 eNodeB LTE V100R007 Antenna & Feeder System
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How to start DTP test on Web LMT

Step 1. enter Web LMT monitor interface

Step 2. DTP test task selection

Step 3. Parameter setting

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