Professional Documents
Culture Documents
LIFECYCLE
by
Indraguna Pinatih
Dept. Of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine
Centre for Study on Anti Aging Medicine
Udayana University
LIFE CYCLE
• Infant (0 – 1 year)
• Underfive (1 – 5 year)
• Elementary school age children (7 – 12 year)
• Teenage/adolescent (12 – 18 year)
• Adult ( 25 – 55 year)
– Pregnancy
• Senior adult ( ≥ 55 year)
– Elderly > 70 year
Food Processes After Meal
Tissue development
(growth & exchange) Energy
Energy/amino
acid reserved reserved
Fat & glycogen
reserved
Protein
Work
Carbohydrate
Metabolic
Food Fat Energy used Maintenance
precesses
Vitamin Productie
Minerals
Urine
Water Stool
Unprocessed Waste
Air Sweat
Heat
PREGNANCY
Is a physiological process but very risky
for women
Mother will face a lot of changes,
outwardly it can be seen from body
shape and weight
Trimester I : formation stage
Trimester II : growth stage
Trimester III : Maturation stage
HEALTHY PREGNANCY
0-8 wk 40 wk
10 wk
22 wk
Body weight increment
Depends on pre
pregnancy weight
Growth line is not
straight
Total increase in
weight:
9 - 15 kg
Messages for pregnant mother
Consume variety of food, balance and
more in quantity
Small portion, more frequent
Supplement
Iron, Iodine, folic acid
Calsium
EPA/DHA (in marine/fish oil)
Eliminate process food and simple sugar
INFANT 0-1 YEAR
Early life outside the mother
All body has been well function but still
imperfect (rudimentary)
First highly growth spurt
Body weight in year 1: 3-5 X birth weight
Head circumference: 2-3 X circumference
at birth
Coarse skill starts appearing
INFANT 0-1 YEAR
INFANT 0-1 YEAR
Main food : liquid food: breast milk
Additional food (food introduction)
starts from 6 months of age :
6-7 month : delicate food
7-9 month : soft but makanan
lembek/kental
9-12 bulan: makanan lembek tapi kasar
INFANT FOOD
CLOSED
OPEN
FOOD SOLD OUTSIDE
SCHOOL
ACTION NEEDED
School Feeding Program
Worm medication every 6 monthly
Nutrition monitoring at school
Bring breakfast into habit
MODEL SFP
EROPA
MODEL CHINA
MODEL JEPANG
MODEL AFRICA
IBU-IBU MEMASAK DAN
MEMBAGI MAKANAN
NUTRITION ISSUES AMONG
ADOLESCENTS
Nutrient requirement vs growth spurt
Double burden
– Nutrient deficiency due to Body image
– Over weight or obesity
– Highly activity
Too early pregnancy
ADOLESCENT
Food habit mostly unideal since there are
over-activities, peer pressure, free
environment, seeking identity
Often skipping food and just snacking, to
much fast food and/or commercial food,
beverages and often too high alcohol
consumption
Yaktiworo Indriani, 2009
BEING
OLD?!
BIOLOGICAL CHANGES DUE TO AGING
System endocreen
System imun
System metabolism
System Cardiovascular
System Gastrointestinal
System reproduction
System neuron
Brain function
System muscle
System
THE PURPOSE OF MEAL