ETAP Knowledge Base

Transformer Losses

Description: Calculation of Transformer Losses in Load Flow studies

Category: Load Flow
Type: Calculation
Keywords: Power Losses

Power Losses on 2W transformer

Transformer data (Rating): Percent Impedance at 100 MVA Base
(Values taken from the LF Branch Connection report)
kV := 13.8 MVA := 100
2 R% := 0.2
kV
Z :=
MVA X% := 10.0

Z = 1.904 in ohms where Z = R + jX Z% := 10.0

Transformer impedance in ohms

R% −3
R := Z⋅ R = 3.809 × 10
100
X%
X := Z⋅ X = 0.19
100

Case 1: Case 2:
I1 := 419.8 I2 := 630.7

Losses due to transformer resistance Losses due to transformer resistance

2 2 3
P1 := R ⋅ I1 P1 = 671.233 P2 := R ⋅ I2 P2 = 1.515 × 10
3 3
P3φ := P1⋅ 3 P3φ = 2.014 × 10 in kW P3φ := P2⋅ 3 P3φ = 4.545 × 10 in kW

Losses due to transformer reactance Losses due to transformer reactance

2 4 2 4
Q1 := X⋅ I1 Q1 = 3.356 × 10 Q2 := X⋅ I2 Q2 = 7.575 × 10
5 5
Q3φ := Q1⋅ 3 Q3φ = 1.007 × 10 in kvars Q3φ := Q2⋅ 3 Q3φ = 2.273 × 10 in kvars

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