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December,
1913.]. MODERN LANGUAGE NOTES 237

D'AUBIGNAC, Zenobie1 (1647); BARO, C10- mire (1641), Arminius (1643), Ibrahim
rise (1632), Clarimonde (1643), Le Prince (1643); TRISTAN L'HERMITE, Panthee8
fugitif(1649); BENSERADE,Cleopatre(1636), (1639), Osman'10(1656).
Gustaphe (1637); BEYS, L'Hospital des fous E. CARRINGTON LANCASTER.
(1636); BOISROBERT,Pale"ne(1640), Le Cou- Amher8t College.
ronnementde Darie 2 (1648); BousCAL, Dom
Quichottede la Manche5 (1640), Le Gouverne-
mentde Sancho Pansa (1642), Agis (1642);
BOYER,Tyridate (1649); DE BROSSE,L'Aveugle THE ORDER OF WORDS IN CERTAIN
Clairvoyant (1650); CHAPOTON, La Descente RHYTHM-GROIUPS
d'Orpheeaux enfers(1640); CHEVREAU, Cori-
In the firstedition (1905) of Jespersen's
olan4 (1638); CORNEILLE, Milite 6 (1633),
Growth and Structureof the English Lan-
L'Illusion comique6 (1639), Dom Sanche
guage, pp. 2334, occursthe followingpassage:
d'Arragon(1650); LA CALPRENEDE,La Mort
"In combinationsof a monosyllableand a
de Mithridate(1637); DESFONTAINES,EUrime-
dissyllable by means of and, the practiceis al-
don (1637); DESMARETS,Roxane (1640), Mi-
waysto place the shortwordfirst,becausethe
rame (1641), Erigone (1642); Du RYER, Ar-
rhythmthen becomesthe regular'aa 'aa in-
genis (1631), Alcime'don(1634), Alcione" stead of ' aaa 'a (' beforethe a denotesthe
(1640), Esther (1644); L'ESTOILE, La Belle strongly stressed syllable). Thus we say
Esclave (1645); GILBERT,Telephonte(1643); 'bread and butter,'not 'butter and bread';
GILLET DE LA TESSONNERIE, Quixaire (1640); further:bread and water,milk and water,cup
MAGNON, Sejan (1647); MAIRET, Sylvie and saucer,wind and weather,head and shoul-
(1628), Sophonisbe(1635), Roland le furieux ders,by fitsand snatches,fromtop to bottom,
(1640); MARI.cHAL, L'Inconstance d'HylaS8 roughand ready,roughand tumble,free and
(1635); D'OUVILLE, Les Trahisons d'Arbiran easy,darkand dreary,highand mighty, up and
(1638) ; ROTROu,Laure persecutee(1639), Les doing." And in a foot-notethe author adds:
"compare also such titles of books as Songs
Captifs (1640); GEORGES DE SCUDERY, Le
and Poems, Men and Women,Past and Pres-
Princedeguis6(1635), Didon (1637), L'Amour
ent,Frenchand English,Nightand Morning."
tyrannique(1639), Eudoxe (1641), Andro- This sweepingconclusionis, in the second
edition(1912), considerably modified, theword
I Acted as early as 1640,forChapelain,in a letter first sen-
"always" being droppedfromthe
datedApril6 of thatyear,speaksof goingto see it. tenceand the clause made to read," The usual
A play of the same nameby Pousset was published
in 1653, one by Magnonin 1660,but the obscurity
practiceis to place the shortword first,etc."
of the firstof thesedramatistsand the late date of Even in this modified form,however,the state-
bothplays make it improbablethat Poisson is here mentdoes not,I think,give a true impression
referring to eitherof them. of English usage. It implies,if it does not
2The reference is to this play ratherthan to the say outright,that rhythm-groups of the type
Dcriu8 of Thomas Corneille (1660), which is too "butter and bread" occur in English but
late,or to Hardy'sMortde Daire, whichis too early. rarely. It also suggeststhat such phraseslack
'Mlle BOjart'sDom Guichot(1660) is too late to idiomaticforce. I submitthat just the con-
be meant. traryis true; phrasesof this type occur fre-
,'The referencemay be to Chapoton'sVdritable quently,and theyare strongly idiomatic. Fur-
Coriolan (1638). thermorethey seem to have a useful stylistic
"First played about 1629. function.
'First played about 1636.
*This play seemsmeantratherthan:the Panthde
TFirstplayed about 1637. (1639) of the obscuredramatist,Durval.
'First playedabout 1630. "First playedin 1647.
238 MODERN LANGUAGE NOTES [Vol. xxviii,No. 8.

In orderto testthe matterI have jotted fineand dandy Forest and Stream
downduringthepastfewweeks,all the and- fireand water garnetand black (e)
fitsand snatches garnetand blue (c)
phrasesof bothtypesthatI. havebeenableto freeand easy get-up-and-go
recallorthatI haveencounteredin myreading Frenchand English hammerand tongs
and observation. Theseare givenbelowin al- Friend and Lover Heartseaseand Rue
phabeticorder. fuss and feathers heavenand earth
Capitalizedphrases,unlessotherwisedesig- gall and wormwood heavenand hell
God and Mammon Heatherand Snow
nated,are (witha few obviousexceptions) gone and done it hitherand yon
titlesof books,poems,plays,magazines, etc. good and evil hungerand thirst
Theletter(c) is placedafterthenamesofcol- good and ready husbandand wife
lege colors. gray and crimson(c) Jekylland Hyde
Greeksand Trojans Jerryand Me
I II Gulf & Southern(S. S. Katie and Me
Co.) labor and Love
bag and baggage Adam and :Eve
head and shoulders Lamport& Holt (S. S.
ball and socket April and May
Heart and Science Co.)
big and little baconand eggs
hen and chickens Laughterand Death
Birds and Nature bargainand sale
Hide and Leather liver and lights
blood and iron Baron and Squire
.high and mighty Marit and I
blood and thunder Beauty and Health hill and valley masterand man
board and lodging betterand worse
hole and corner matronand maid
bone and sinew bodyand bones Home and Country merryand wise
booksand papers bodyand boots Home and Flowers mistressand maid
booksand reading Boston and Maine
horse and buggy Moneyand Risks
Boot and Saddle Brightestand Best
horseand carriage motherand child
bow and arrow bubble and squeak
horseand wagon Music and Words
bread and butter butterand eggs
horse and rider needle and thread
bread and water captain and crew
House and Garden needlesand 'pins
bricksand mortar carriage and pair ninetyand nine
joints and marrow
brightand early chapterand verse jot and tittle olive and blue (c)
Brush and Pencil cherryand white (c) joy and sorrow orange and black (c)
Cain and Abel cloisterand hearth
judge and jury orangeand blue (c)
case and comment coffeeand cream
King and No King orangeand white (c)
cat and fiddle collars and cuffs
King and Subject overand gone
cat and kittens Courage and Fear Kit and Kitty paper and ink
chills and fever crackersand cheese
Land and Water peaches and cream
Christand Satan crimsonand blue (c)
lath and plaster People and King
cup and saucer crimsonand cream (c)
law and order pepperand salt
dark and dismal crimsonand gold (c) law and gospel pity and fear
dark and dreary crimsonand slate (c)
light and darkness pleasureand pain
dead and buried crimsonand white (c)
Like and Unlike powderand shot
deadand donefor(with) Critic and Guide loaves and fishes profitand loss
deathand taxes Cupid and Death Love and Fortune Pulpit and Pew
dots and dashes Darby and Joan Love and Honor purpleand gold (c)
dry and dusty Darknessand Dawn
Love and Shawl-straps purple and white (e)
dust and ashes David and Saul Maid and Cleon Rabbi and Priest
Eve and David Dayton & Troy(R. R.) Medes and Persians scarlet and black (c)
fact and fancy Dimbrieand I
men and women scarlet and brown (c)
fair and warmer dollars and cents milk and water scarletand cream (c)
faith and unfaith Dombeyand Son mind and matter scarletand gray (c)
fall and winter early and late Mines and Mining scarlet and white (c)
fat and forty Fairy and Child
Fathersand Sons Modes and Fabrics Seaboard & Gulf (S. S.
Farm and Fireside
Feast and Welcome Fennel and Rue night and morning Co.)
fetchand carry Fernwood& Gulf(R. R.) Naughtsand Crosses shavenand shorn
Field and Fancy fingersand thumbs nook and cranny shillingsand pence
figsand thistles fingersand toes Notes and Queries silverand gold (c)
December,
1913.] MODERN LANGUAGE NOTES 239
oil and water Sisters and Wives formanyexamplesof forcibleexpression,such
One and Twenty summerand fall as bag and baggage,blood and thunder,rack
Ores and Metals Sunshineand Haar
Past and Present sweetnessand light
and ruin, rough and tumble,stuffand non-
Peace and Discord tenderand true sense, may be found in the firstcolumn,and
Peak and Prairie Texas & Gulf (R. R.) several examples of mellifluousness,such as
Pinks and Cherries threescoreand ten sweetnessand light, ninetyand nine, in the
pins and needles thunderand turf second. An interestingfact, the significance
plays and players thousandand one
Press and Printer victuals and drink
of whichI am not preparedto state,is that
princeand pauper Watchwordand Truth the collegecolors,with two exceptions,fall in
Punch and Judy wearyand worn the secondcolumn.
rack and ruin winterand spring FRED NEWTON SCOTT.
Rhymesand Jingles yellowand blue (c) Univeraity
of Michigan.
Rome and Nature yellowand brown (c)
roughand ready yellowand cream (c)
roughand tumble yellowand white (c)
saints and sinners -116
School and Fireside,sense and nonsense,shoes and
shredsand patches,sin and sorrow,signs
-stockings,
ZIUMREIMGEBRAUICHOTFRIDS1
and wonders, sleepand waking,
skulland cross-bones,
soap and water,sock and buskin,Songs and Poems,
sound and fury,Sports and Pastimes, springand tTberden Reimgebrauch Otfridshat bis jetzt
summer,Square and Compass, Star and Garter, am eingehendsten TheodorIngenbleekin seiner
Strengthand Beauty,stuffand nonsense,sum and Schrift,Uber den Einfiussdes Reimesa?ufdie
substance,sweet and twenty,sword and scabbard, Sprache Otfrids (Quellen u. Forschungen,
tar and feathers,tea and coffee,Threeand Twenty,
XXXVII) n2 gehandelt. Seine Darstellhug
toil and trouble,Tom and Jerry,Town and Country,
up and doing,weak and weary,weightsand meas- griindetsich im wesentlichen(wie er selbst
ures, wheel and axle, whichand tother,white andangibt) auf Kelles, Erdmanmsund Pipers Ar-
purple (c), wild and woolly,wind and water,windbeiten (vgl. oben, Bibliographie). Als ent-
and weather,wine and women,wit and humor,wit schiedenvom Reime beeinfluFst stellt er alle
and wisdom,Woods and Waters,Wooed and Mar- die Formen hin, welche sich ausserhalbdes
ried,workand wages.-160.
Reimes stetsandersvorfinden.Ich werdeim
A comparisonof the two lists shows that folgendenversuchen, eine wenigerschematische
Auifassung der Sachlage zu begriinden.
out of 276 phrasestaken at random,forty-two
per cent.are of the 'unusual' variety. More-
1IBLIoGRPHIE: Erdmann, Oskar, Bemerkungen
over,these phrasesare on the averagejust as eu Otfrid,Zeitchrift fir deut8chePhiloZogie, I, 437-
good phrases,thatis, as idiomaticand as satis- 442, Grundziigeder deut8chenSyntax, Stuttgart,
fyingto the sense of rhythm,as those in the 1886.-Otfrid8Evangelienbuch, Halle, 1882 (Erlatit-
othercolumn. If therebe any strikingdiffer- erungen, 323-487), Unter&uchungen iuberdie Syntax
der Sprache Otfrid8, I. Teil, Halle, 1874. II. Teil,
ence betweenthe two lists, taken at large, it
Hlalle, 1876.-Ingenbleek,Theodor,Ober den Bin-
is perhapsthat II containsmore expressions fin88 des Reime8 auf die Sprwhe Otfrid8,Quellen und
of an a.bruptand vehementcharacterthan Forechungen, XXXVII, 1880.-Kelle, Johann,Otfrids
does IJ1 Examples of this type of phraseare von WeissenburgEvangelienbuch,Bd. II. Die
bodyand bones,chapterand verse,dollarsand Formen-und Lautlehre Otfrids,Regensburg,1869,
cents,hammer and tongs, powder and shot, Bd. III, Gloear der Sprache Otfrid8,Regensburg,
1869.-Nierhoff, E., Untersuchungen iiber den Ei9n-
profitand loss,thunderand turf,thousandand fineedee Reimesauf die SpracheOtfrid8,Inaugural-
one, wearyand worn. However,any conclu- dis., Ttibingen, 1879.-Paul, Hermann,Prineipiendeer
sions on this point must be cautiouslydrawn, Sprachgewchichte, Halle, 1909.-Piper, Paul, Otfride
Evangelienbuch An-
mit Binleitungund erkldrenden
1A certainheroineof fiction,VirginiaChard (if merkungen, Paderborn,1878.
mymemoryserves),complainsthathernamealways 2Rezensionvon Oskar Erdmann,Anz. f. d. Alt.,
remindsherof a race horsechargingat a stonewall. Bd. VI, S. 219-221.