ATMega16 Microcontroller Digital LM35

LCD Thermometer

The

ATMega16 LCD LM35 Digital Thermometer

Important Note: In order for the LM35 LCD Digital Thermometer unit to work correctly
the internal oscillator of the ATMega16 AVR microcontroller must be enabled and set to
4MHz.

Software for the ATMega16 LCD Digital Thermometer

Below is the AVR C implementation of the entire code for the ATMega16 based LCD
Digital Thermometer. The code was implemented and built using AVR Studio 5. Be
reminded that the internal clock of the ATMega16 microcontroller should be enabled
and programmed to operate at 4MHz for the AVR C code to operate correctly. A video
of the LCD Digital Thermometer in operation is presented at the end of this page.

/*
* Digital_Thermometer.c
*
* Author: AVR Tutorials
* Website: www.AVR-Tutorials.com
*
* Written in AVR Studio 5
 * Compiler: AVR GNU C Compiler (GCC)
*/

#define F_CPU 4000000UL

#include <avr/delay.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>

/*Global Variables Declarations*/

/*LCD function declarations */

void LCD_send_command(unsigned char cmnd);
void LCD_send_data(unsigned char data);
void LCD_init();
void LCD_goto(unsigned char y, unsigned char x);
void LCD_print(char *string);

/*ADC Conversion Complete Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)*/

ISR(ADC_vect);

#define LCD_DATA_PORT PORTB

#define LCD_DATA_DDR DDRB
#define LCD_DATA_PIN PINB

#define LCD_CNTRL_PORT PORTC

#define LCD_CNTRL_DDR DDRC
#define LCD_CNTRL_PIN PINC

#define LCD_RS_PIN 5
#define LCD_RW_PIN 6
#define LCD_ENABLE_PIN 7
#define SET_HOUR 3
#define SET_MINUTE 4

int main(void)
{
unsigned char i;

LCD_init();
LCD_goto(1,2);
LCD_print("Temperature is");

LCD_CNTRL_PORT = (1<<SET_HOUR | 1<<SET_MINUTE);

DDRA = 0x00; // Configure PortA as input

ADCSRA = 0x8F; // Enable the ADC and its

interrupt feature
// and set the ACD clock pre-
scalar to clk/128
ADMUX = 0xE0; // Select internal 2.56V as
Vref, left justify
// data registers and select
ADC0 as input channel

sei(); // Enable Global Interrupts

ADCSRA |= 1<<ADSC; // Start Conversion

while(1);
}

/* This function sends a command 'cmnd' to the LCD module*/

void LCD_send_command(unsigned char cmnd)
{
LCD_DATA_PORT = cmnd;
LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW_PIN);
LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RS_PIN);

LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
_delay_us(2);
LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
_delay_us(100);
}

/* This function sends the data 'data' to the LCD module*/

void LCD_send_data(unsigned char data)
{
LCD_DATA_PORT = data;
LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW_PIN);
LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_RS_PIN);

LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
_delay_us(2);
LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
_delay_us(100);
}

void LCD_init()
{
LCD_CNTRL_DDR = 0xFF;
LCD_CNTRL_PORT = 0x00;
LCD_DATA_DDR = 0xFF;
LCD_DATA_PORT = 0x00;

_delay_ms(10);
LCD_send_command(0x38);
LCD_send_command(0x0C);
LCD_send_command(0x01);
_delay_ms(10);
LCD_send_command(0x06);
}

/* This function moves the cursor the line y column x on the LCD
module*/
void LCD_goto(unsigned char y, unsigned char x)
{
unsigned char firstAddress[] = {0x80,0xC0,0x94,0xD4};

LCD_send_command(firstAddress[y-1] + x-1);
_delay_ms(10);
}

void LCD_print(char *string)

{
unsigned char i=0;

while(string[i]!=0)
{
LCD_send_data(string[i]);
i++;
 }
}

/*ADC Conversion Complete Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)*/

ISR(ADC_vect)
{
char tempC, tempF, display;
float tempff;

tempC = ADCH; // Output ADCH to PortD

tempff = (float)tempC;
tempff = (tempff*9)/5 + 32;
tempF = tempff;

LCD_goto(2,4);
itoa(tempC/10,display,10);
LCD_print(display);
itoa(tempC%10,display,10);
LCD_print(display);
LCD_send_data(0xDF);
LCD_print("C ");
itoa(tempF/10,display,10);
LCD_print(display);
itoa(tempF%10,display,10);
LCD_print(display);
LCD_send_data(0xDF);
LCD_print("F");
_delay_ms(500);
ADCSRA |= 1<<ADSC; // Start Conversion
}

In this ATMega16 AVR project we will be designing and implementing a Digital

Thermometer with the aid of a Atmel AVR ATMega16 microcontroller, a LM35
temperature sensor/transducer and an alphanumeric LCD module.

Note: Although this AVR project was designed around the ATMega16 the project could
have utilized another microcontroller such as an ATMega32, etc. The microcontroller
must contain an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) though.

ATMega16 LCD Digital Thermometer Operation & Hardware Description

Our LCD Digital Thermometer circuit and C program is given below. When the circuit is
powered up the current air temperature will be displayed on the LCD.

The figure below gives the circuit diagram for the ATmega16 LCD Digital Thermometer