UFC 4-159-01N

16 January 2004

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

DESIGN: HYPERBARIC FACILITIES

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

 UFC 4-159-01N
16 January 2004

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

DESIGN: HYPERBARIC FACILITIES

Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use.
Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the
copyright holder.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS

NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity)

AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEERING SUPPORT AGENCY

Record of Changes (changes indicated by \1\ ... /1/ )

Change No. Date Location

 UFC 4-159-01N
16 January 2004
FOREWORD

The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides
planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies
to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance
with USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and
work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is
also governed by Status of forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction
Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.)
Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the more stringent of the UFC, the
SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable.

UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to
users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military
construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities
Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are
responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the
preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is
the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting
rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic
form: Criteria Change Request (CCR). The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed
below.

UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following
source:

x Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/.

Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current
electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current.

AUTHORIZED BY:

______________________________________ ______________________________________
DONALD L. BASHAM, P.E. DR. JAMES W WRIGHT, P.E.
Chief, Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Command

______________________________________
KATHLEEN I. FERGUSON, P.E.
The Deputy Civil Engineer
DCS/Installations & Logistics
Department of the Air Force
______________________________________
Dr. GET W. MOY, P.E.
Director, Installations Requirements and
Management
Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
(Installations and Environment)
 UFC 4-159-01N
16 January 2004
CONTENTS

Page
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Paragraph 1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ....................................................... 1-1

1-2 APPLICABILITY..................................................................... 1-1
1-2.1 General Building Requirements ............................................. 1-1
1-2.2 Safety .................................................................................... 1-1
1-2.3 Fire Protection ....................................................................... 1-1
1-2.4 Antiterrorism/Force Protection ............................................... 1-1

APPENDIX A DESIGN MANUAL 39…..………...................…………………… A-1

i
A hyperbaric vessel is designed to operate for 20 years. It is specified
that during that period it will start up and shut down 3,000 times, and will
reach the following number of steady-state pressures and resulting maximum
stress intensities:

No. of
Operations Pressure, psi PÚL¿ + PÚb¿ + Q + F, psi
ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
1000 0 - 1000 - 0 0 - 60,000 - 0
1000 0 - 1000 - 0 0 - 52,000 - 0
500 0 - 700 - 0 0 - 42,000 - 0
500 0 - 500 - 0 0 - 30,000 - 0

(Note that the difference between the two 1000 items could reflect
a difference due to a thermal stress quantity.)

For each of the operations shown above, the figures given in the column
headed by PÚL¿ + PÚb¿ + Q + F, psi identify the "alternating stress intensity
range." The amplitude of each alternating stress is half of this value,
identified by the symbol SÚa¿.

For most of the Code-authorized materials Design Fatigue Curves have been
established.* Figure 5.110.1 of the Code is shown here as Figure 2-8.
This curve and the others like it in this appendix are based upon
experimental fatigue data generated over many years. The values of SÚa¿,
shown here represent amplitudes of alternating stress intensities. (Note
again that this is half the value of the alternating stress intensity range.)
These curves have been adjusted for mean stress values and only the
alternating component of stress need be considered. For any given value of
SÚa¿, there is an acceptable number of cycles of operation and this number
constitutes the design life of the vessel. For instance, referring to Figure
2-8, if a pressure vessel were to operate at a constant SÚa¿ value of PÚL¿ +
PÚb¿ + Q + F = (74,000)/2 = 37,000 psi, and the vessel were fabricated from
carbon steel with an ultimate tensile strength of less than 80,000 psi, then
the fatigue life of that vessel would be approximately 10,000 cycles; i.e.,
the load could vary from 0 - 1,000 psig-0, 10,000 times. The Code requires
that all fatigue loadings applicable to the figures shown in Article 5-1, are
to be interpreted from a linear cumulative damage criteria. That is, all
cycles of stress must be accounted for in the total fatigue life of the
vessel. In the example in the above paragraph, 10,000 cycles of operation is
the entire design fatigue life of the structure. Now consider the loading
conditions described above.

ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
* These curves are based on tests which did not include the presence of a
corrosive environment which might accelerate the fatigue failure.
 TABLE 2-2
STRESS INTENSITY k FACTORS FOR VARIOUS LOAD COMBINATIONS

ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
³Condition Load Combination k Factors Calculated Stress
³ (See AD-110) Limit Basis
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
³Design A The design pressure, the dead 1.0 Based on the corroded
³ load of the vessel, the contents thickness at design
³ of the vessel, the imposed load metal temperature
³ of the mechanical equipment, and
³ external attachment loads
³
³ B Condition A plus wind 1.2 Based on the corroded
³ load thickness at design
³ metal temperature
³ C Condition A plus earth- 1.2 Based on the corrode
³ quake load thickness at design
³ metal temperature
³ D Condition A plus loads 1.2 Based on the corrode
³ resulting from wave action thickness at design
³ metal temperature
³ (NOTE: The condition of
³ structural instability or
³ buckling must be considered)
³
³Operation A The actual operating loading See AD-160 Based on corroded
³ conditions. This is the basis and Appen- thickness at
³ of fatigue life evaluation dix 5 operating pres-
³ sure and metal
³ operating temp-
³ erature
³
³Test A The required test pressure, the 1.25 for hy- Based on actual
³ dead load of the vessel, the drostatic test design values at
³ contents of the vessel, the and 1.15 for test temperature
³ imposed load of the mechanical pneumatic test.
³ equipment, and external attach- See AD-151 for
³ ment loads special limits.
³
³
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
³NOTE:
³(1) When the rules of this Division are used in design of human occupancy
³ pressure vessels and/or pressure vessels permanently installed in ocean-
³ going ships, barges, and other floating craft [per AG-100(b)(2)], dynamic
³ loads resulting from wave action included under Conditions D shall be the
³ most probable largest loads encountered during the vessel's life and having
³ a probability level per wave encounter not greater than 10À -8Ù, which
³ corresponds to one occurrence in 20 years.
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
6. EXAMPLE OF DESIGN BY ANALYSIS AS APPLIED TO A SPHERICAL CHAMBER. The
following example, showing the steps taken and the application of Code
requirements for the design and analysis of a simple chamber may be of some
help to a designer of such vessels in fully understanding the concept of
design by analysis (See Figure 2-9).

a. Specification Data. Assume that the following data has been

extracted from a User's Design Specification for a certain hyperbaric
facility pressure vessel.

(1) The vessel shall be designed for human occupancy.

(2) It shall be basically spherical in shape with an inside radius

of 90.00 inches.

(3) It shall be equipped with a nominal 4.0 inch diameter input

pipe.

(4) It shall be equipped with a nominal 4.0 inch diameter output

pipe.

(5) It shall be a combination (wet or dry) chamber.

(6) It shall have three view-ports.

(7) It shall have a 40.0 inch minimum inner diameter entrance way.

(8) The vessel shall be designed to meet the following operating

conditions.

(a) Seawater shall be the primary pressurizing media.

(b) 1000 psig is the maximum design pressure.

(c) The pressurizing media shall, at different times, range

in temperature from 30 deg. F to 150 deg. F.

(d) The chamber must be capable of sustaining 10,000 cycles

of operation at 1000 psig and 150 deg. F.

(e) The operational life of the chamber is to be at least 20

years.

(f) The chamber shall be supported by a cylinder

approximately 10 feet in diameter and 5 feet tall.

(g) Neither wind loadings nor earthquake loadings need be

considered.

(h) The piping will be so designed that no moment loadings

shall occur on the spherical shell.

(i) Figure 2-9 shows a sketch of the centerline and mean

dimensions of the proposed chamber.