i

CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE CONFLICT BETWEEN JAIL

GUARDS AND INMATES IN BATANGAS PROVINCIAL JAIL

A Thesis
Presented To
The Faculty of College of Arts and Sciences
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY JPLPC- Malvar
Malvar, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment
Of The Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Criminology

By:

MARK CHRISTIAN M. BELEN

JUDITH ANN O. MAGPANTAY
JOHN ALLOYSIUS A. QUINTANA

May 2017
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APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE

CONFLICT BETWEEN JAL GUARDS AND INMATES IN BATANGAS

PROVINCIAL JAIL”, prepared and submitted by Mark Christian M. Belen,

Judith Ann O. Magpantay, And John Aloysius A. Quintana in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor Of Science In

Criminology has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval

for Oral Examination.

MOLINA G, RIZO
Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _______.

DR. LOIDA F. TUNGAO Ph.D.

Chairperson

SOTERA J. CEPILLO EDWARD F. GONZALES

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology

___________ AMADO C. GEQUINTO, Ph.D.

Date Dean of Colleges
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to extend their heartfelt thanks to the following
persons who contributed much to the completion of this research work. Sincerely,
they would like to express their profound gratitude to the following:

First and foremost, to the Almighty God, for the love, support and guidance
for continued strength and blessings that inspired them to finish this work;

To Dr. Loida F. Tungao, Associate Dean of College of Arts and Sciences,

for giving the researchers permission to conduct this study and for ensuring the
correctness of this work;

To Ms. Molina G. Rizo, thesis adviser and grammarian, for undeniable

encouragement, support and for becoming such a good mentor to the researchers
towards the accomplishment of this paper;

To Ms. Sotera J. Cepillo and Edward F. Gonzales , panel members for their
comments, suggestions and guidance for the improvement of this research work;

To the Jail Management of Batangas, for allowing the researchers to

conduct this study and to use the jail personnel and detainees and inmates as
respondents of the study;

To the librarian of Batangas State University- JPLPC Malvar Campus who

allowed the researchers to use the reference materials needed in the research and
for giving them endorsement letter to other university libraries for their research
works;

To the researchers’ family, especially their parents, brothers and sisters for
their unconditional love, encouragement, understanding, and support, both morally
and financially; and

To the researchers’ special someone for their presence, love, support,

caring, encouragement and for becoming an inspiration for the researchers to
successfully accomplish this piece of work;

The Researchers
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DEDICATION

We dedicate this piece of work to our beloved families, relatives, friends and

Instructors who gave moral support, guidance and encouragement

And most of all, God who gave us all these

Necessary things or the better strengths

And blessings, because without him

anything for this study would

Be impossible.

M.C.M.B

J.A.O.M

J.A.A.Q
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ABSTRACT

TITLE : CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE

CONFLICTS BETWEEN JAILGUARDS
AND INMATES IN BATANGAS
PROVINCIAL JAIL
AUTHORS : Mark Christian M. Belen
John Aloysius A. Quintana
Judith Ann O. Magpantay

TYPE OF DOCUMENT : Thesis

NUMBER OF PAGES : 86

NAME AND ADDRESS

OF THE INSTITUTION : Batangas State University- JPLPC- Malvar
Malvar, Batangas

COURSE : Bachelor of Science in Criminology

YEAR COMPLETED : 2017

ADVISER : Ms. Molina G. Rizo

Summary

This study aimed to determine the contributing factors to the conflicts

between jail guards and inmates in Batangas provincial jail. Specifically, this

study focused on the assessment of the two groups of respondents on the factors

that contributed to the conflict between jail guards and inmates in terms of attitude
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of jail guards and inmates, human rights abuse, selective leniency and special

treatment, and unequal access to the basic services. It was also part of the study to

determine if there was a significant difference on the assessment of the two groups

of respondents on the variables which were measured in the research.

The study made use of descriptive method with the questionnaire as the

main data gathering instruments. The participants of this study were 80

inmates/detainees and 20 jail officers of Batangas provincial jail. The data analysis

employed weighted mean and T- Test.

The results disclosed that the jail guards and inmates assessed that the

factors such as attitude of jail guards and inmates, human rights abuse, selective

leniency/ special treatment, and unequal access to the basic services slightly

contribute to the conflicts that happened between them. As to difference analysis,

it was found that there were no significant differences between the assessments of

the two groups of respondents on the factors that contribute to the conflict between

the jail guards and inmates when the aforementioned variables are considered.

Lastly, in cognizant with the results, the researchers suggested courses of action

for the establishment of a good relationship between jail guards and inmates. It

includes personal values development seminars, training and workshops for the

correctional officer and the inmates for them to avoid human rights abuses, and the

provision for equal basic services.

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Furthermore, in relation to the above findings, the researchers

recommended that the government may give support to the jail management

division mostly for the financial assistance to construct more facilities and

establishment to adequately improve budgetary allocations to effect: employment

of more staff/personnel, improvement of drug/ supplies situation, and

improvement of penal facilities, buildings, accommodation, communication

facilities and the like; the administration may conduct seminars and trainings that

will enhance the knowledge of jail authorities and personnel for the improvement

in the observance of standards in the treatment of prisoners/ detainees; the

management must always evaluate the physical conditions of their facility and the

prisoners itself, the food and water provisions, the health and medical facilities and

the system of access to available resources and facilities; the jail officers should

always remember that they are entrusted of public trust. Hence, inmates are to be

protected not to be abused; the inmates on the other hand should always be

cooperative with the jail management. They must remember that the good

relationship between them will not only materialize if the effort will only come

from the jail officers. Their compliance and obedience will avoid conflict between

them; and lastly, the future researchers are encouraged to conduct similar studies

but explore other variables not covered by the present study.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
TITLE PAGE .……………………..…………..……….…... i
APPROVAL SHEET ...………………..…………..……….………. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………..…………..……….………. iii
DEDICATION …………………..…………..……….………. iv

ABSTRACT …………………..…………..……….………. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………..…………..……….………. vi
LIST OF TABLES …………………..…………..……….………. vii
LIST OF FIGURE …………………..…………..……….………. viii
CHAPTER
I. THE PROBLEM
Introduction.................................................................................. 1
Statement of the Problem............................................................. 7
Scope, Limitation, Delimitation of the Study............................... 8
Significance of the Study.............................................................. 9
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual Literature.................................................................... 11
Research Studies............................................................................ 26
Synthesis........................................................................................ 42
Conceptual Framework ……………………………………….. 44
Conceptual Paradigm..................................................................... 46
Hypothesis of the Study.................................................................. 48
Definition of Terms......................................................................... 48
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III. RESEARCH METHOD AND PROCEDURES

Research Design ………………………………………… 52
Respondents of the Study ………………………………..... 53
Data Gathering Instruments …………………………………. 53
Data Gathering Procedures …………………………………. 55
Statistical Treatment of Data …………………………………. 56

IV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary ……………………………………........................ 80

Findings ……………………………………........................ 80

Conclusion ……………………………………........................ 84

Recommendations ……...……………………….................. 85

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE
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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Tabular Synthesis of the Study ……………………………..................... 32

2 Respondents’ Assessments on the Contributing Factors to the Conflicts

between Jail Guards and Inmates in terms of their Attitude ……………. 58

3 Respondents’ Assessments on the Contributing Factors to the Conflicts

between Jail Guards and Inmates in terms of Human Rights Abuse……. 62

4 Respondents’ Assessments on the Contributing Factors to the Conflicts

between Jail Guards and Inmates in terms of Selective Leniency/Special
Treatment………………………………………………………………… 66

5 Respondents’ Assessments on the Contributing Factors to the Conflicts

between Jail Guards and Inmates in terms of Unequal Access to Basic
Services…………………………………………………………………... 70

6 Difference Analysis on the Assessment of the Two Groups of

Respondents on the Factors that Contribute to the Conflict between
the Jail guards and Inmates………………………………................... 73

7 Suggested Courses of Action for the Establishment of a Good

Relationship of the Jail Guards and Inmates to avoid the Conflict
between the in the Jail………………………………………………. 78
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LIST OF FIGURE

Figure Page

1 Conceptual Paradigm………………………………………………….. 47
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