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United States Patent 4463557

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An open center hydraulic system is disclosed which contains a primary work circuit and a secondary
work circuit. A fixed displacement pump is fluidly connected between a reservoir and the primary and
secondary work circuits for supplying pressurized fluid thereto. The primary work circuit includes a
control valve which regulates fluid flow from the pump to a primary hydraulic function and which
includes a feedback mechanism connected thereto. The secondary work circuit also includes a manually
operable control valve for regulating fluid flow from the pump to a secondary hydraulic function. A
priority valve is connected between the pump and the secondary work circuit and is movable between
an open and a closed position to regulate the pressure of fluid discharged by the pump. Pressurized fluid
from the primary work circuit is conveyed through a load signal line to the priority valve such that the
pressurized fluid will urge the priority valve towards the closed position thereby assuring that adequate
fluid pressure is available from the pump to the primary work circuit. The system also includes a control
valve for sensing pressure variations between the fluid discharged from the pump and fluid present in
the load signal line. This valve controls fluid flow out of the primary hydraulic function, via the load
signal line, when the pressure of the fluid discharged by the pump is less than the pressure of the fluid in
the load signal line and thereby essentially eliminates kickback from the primary control valve.

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Aviation Dictionary:

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A type of hydraulic system in which the selector valves are arranged in series with each other. Hydraulic
fluid flows from the pump through the center of all the selector valves and back into the reservoir as the
unit is actuated. Such a system is without any accumulator.

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cpen-Center Systems. In this system, a control-valve spool must be open in the center to allow
pump flow to pass through the valve and return to the reservoir. In the illustration below,
shows this system in the neutral position. To operate several functions simultaneously, an
open-system must have the correct connections, such as, series, series/parallel connection, and
flow divider. An open-center system is efficient on single functions but is limited with multiple
functions