THOPAN POWARI HEP ELECTRICAL WORKS 1

ELECTRO MECHANICAL WORKS

1. General:-

Thopan Powari Hydel Project utilizes the flows of Satluj river and is located
in Kinnaur Distt. of Himachal Pradesh . A net head of 163.78 Mts. has been utilized to
generate 199 MW of power at Powari power house .

The salient features of Thopan Powari HEP are as under:-

Net Head 163.78 Meters
Installed capacity 399 MW
No. and size of units 3 units of 133 MW each.
Type of Power House Underground.
Cost of Electrical Works:-
P-production------- Rs. 38535.78 Lacs.
T- Transmission--- Rs. 8311.91 Lacs.

2. Scope:_
This project report incorporates the detailed abstract of cost under the
heading P- production (generating plant Equipment) and T- transmission
(Transmission lines for evacuation of power). Detailed analysis in the form of
various Annexures have been attached to this report. The cost estimates are based on
the rates prevailing during the current year i.e. 2004-2005.
3. Power House:-
The underground power house ( 62 m (L) x 19.2 m(W) x 38 m(H)) will
have 3 generating units of 133 MW each along with all the auxiliary facilities such
as cooling water / potable water supply system, fire protection system, compressed
air supply , oil system, ventilation and Air conditioning system etc.
The control room , LT room, Battery room, air conditioning Plant,
Offices, cable spreading area will be accommodated in different floors adjacent to
the machine hall and will increase the length of power house cavity by 15 m.
The service bay shall be located on the opposite end of the machine hall. Provision
for the lubricating oil handling plant, the water treatment and filtration plant and
store etc. has also been made. The generator transformers will be located in a
separate cavity and will be connected to generating units through 11 kV bus ducts.
On a floor just above the transformers , 400 kV GIS equipment shall be
accommodated.

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3. Mechanical Equipment:_
3.1 Turbines:-
The vertical shaft , Francis turbine of 135.70 MW capacity with a
rated synchronous speed of 250 rpm has been found to be suitable in view of
the over all economy of the power house. Each turbine shall be provided with
suitable oil pressure unit, Electro hydraulic governor and other requisite control
equipment.
3.2 Governor:-
Since Thopan Powari power house will be connected with 400/220
kV Jangi pooling point and 400 kV pooling point near Wangtoo, and shall also
be operated as peaking station in tandem with other up stream projects, it is of
great importance that the governor accuracy and sensitivity is of high order so as
to ensure that all the regulators behave in the same way for any change in the
system load. Thus to avoid mutual hunting and over regulation, it is proposed to
provide Electro Hydraulic governor. The governing system for each unit will
have an individual oil pressure system consisting of oil to air mixer and an oil
tank with two pumps as well as the automatic control equipment. Speed etc.
would be indicated both on the governor cubicle and on the unit control board to
facilitate supervision of operation of the unit. The controls would include
provision for emergency shut down of unit in case of : -
⇒ Loss of Pressure in the oil pressure vessel of Governor oil system.
⇒ Excessive temperature rise in Bearing.
⇒ Excessive speed rise of the unit.
⇒ Electrical faults.
3.3 Main Inlet valves :-
A main inlet valve of the butterfly type would be provided at each
turbine inlet for maintenance of the turbine and for emergency isolation of the
turbine in the event of governor failure. Each valve shall be actuated by means
of servomotor which shall be fed from an independent oil pressure unit.
Each valve unit shall constitute a complete independent unit with its
own operating system for opening and closing, which will be connected to the
automatic start and stop sequence of the respective turbine unit.
3.4 Cooling Water and Fire protection System:-
A pumping system would be provided to supply adequate quantity of
water from the tail race for cooling of the turbine and generator bearings,
generator air coolers and selected plant services.

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Water for fire protection would be taken from an elevated reservoir

providing both reliable operation and ample capacity to fight fire in the power
house. A back up water supply to this reservoir would also be provided.
3.5 Potable Water and Sanitary Drainage:-
Water from the cooling water system would be used to supply the
plant’s potable and sanitary water needs. The potable water would be filtered
and chemically treated as required. Sanitary sewerage would be treated in a
septic system before discharge in to tail race of power plant.
3.6 Compressed Air System:-
A high pressure compressed air plant would be installed to meet the
requirements of the governor oil system and the oil pressure system of the
spherical valves.
A low pressure compressed air plant would also be installed to meet the
requirements of the station pneumatic tools and other general purpose in the
power house.
3.7 Oil System:-
A portable dehydration unit comprising of oil heaters, Filters, tank etc.
would be provided in the power station for the treatment of governor/ Bearings
and switch gear oils.
3.8 Ventilation and Air Conditioning :-
Power house would be provided with ventilation system as required for the
underground power house work areas and offices. An air conditioning system
would be provided to maintain the control room at the selected design
temperature and humidity levels. The temperature and humidity level would be
selected to suit the requirements of equipment and staff.
3.9 Power House Crane:-
In order to expedite the completion of various construction activities of the
power house, 2 Nos. electric over head travelling bridge crane with capacity of
160/20 tonnes would be installed in the power house primarily for erection,
maintenance and repair of the generating units. The cranes would be equipped
with motor control system providing suitable procedure for equipment erection.
4. Electrical Equipment :-
4.1 Generator:-
Each generator shall be of vertical shaft, salient pole type, Synchronous
generator directly coupled to the hydro turbine and having a rated out put of
147.78 MVA with 0.9 lag power factor. The generator bearing arrangement
shall be of conventional type i.e. suspended type. It is proposed to equip the
generators with dynamic braking in addition to the friction brakes. The generator

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shall have class-F insulation in line with modern practice and temperature
restricted to class-B insulation.
The generator will be air cooled with a closed ventilation system using
air water heat exchanger placed around the stator frame. The generators are
proposed to be equipped with the following electrical protection equipment:-
1. High speed differential protection for generator.
2. Generator Over Voltage protection.
3. Back up over current protection.
4. Stator earth fault relay protection.
5. Negative Phase Sequence Current protection.
6. Rotor Field Circuit earth Fault Relay &
protection.
7. Loss of excitation relay schemes.
8. Generator thermal relay protection.
9. Phase balance relay.
5.2. Excitation system:-
The excitation system of the generator will be of static type and will
include static type voltage regulator of latest design, field suppression
equipment and the associated accessories.
The power for the excitation system will be taken from the generator
main bus by means of a dry type or epoxy encased step down transformer. The
excitation system will be self contained requiring only an external power source
for field flashing at unit starting. The field flashing supply will be taken from the
station battery.
The excitation system including the voltage regulator will be placed in
the cubicles adjacent to the generator pit.
5.3 Generator Switch gear and Connecting cables :-
Each generator shall be connected to its step up transformer by means of 11
kV bus ducts. Current transformers required for protection, control and
metering will be located and form part of the bus ducts assemblies.
The generator switch gear will be of the metal enclosed type placed in a
separate room close to the generator. It will include the generator phase
equipment. The equipment for the generator neutral side will be placed in a
cubicle adjacent to the generator pit.
5.4 Generator Transformers:-
10 Nos. Indoor generator transformers of 55 MVA , 11/ 400/√3 kV , single
phase , 50 Hz rating will be provided and placed in a separate underground
cavity ( 80 m(L) x 16 m(W) ) on the down stream side of power house cavity.
The OFWF type of cooling is proposed for generator transformers.

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5.5 Control and Monitoring Equipment:-

The plant will be designed to be operated as an attended type. Unit control
will be provided locally while central control will be from various control panels
located in the control and relay room of the power house. Control equipment
will include metering and control panels, protections for supervision and
operation of the generator turbine, 11 kV switch gear , auxiliary power system,
transformers and 400 kV switch gear.
The control equipment will also include the PLC and
Telecommunication equipment required for the transmission lines. Provision for
connection to the state load dispatch center will also be provided.
5.6 Station Service/ Auxiliary Supply:-
The station service supply is proposed to be taken through 22 kV Local
Distribution system. In addition, for reliability, 2X250 KVA DG sets shall also
be provided for the black start capability. This will also feed local area , Colony,
head works etc. The unit auxiliaries shall be fed through 11/0.415 kV, 1 MVA
transformers connected to each generator. The auxiliaries can also be fed from 2
Nos., 22/0.415 kV, 1 MVA station auxiliary transformers, which are connected
to 22 kV bus connected to 22 kV local supply..
5.7 Power Plant Grounding:-
The power station will be provided with a complete earthing system.
All exposed conductive parts and equipment in the power house and switch yard
will be connected to the grounding system. The grounding system will be
designed to minimize the “Safe” and “Touch” potential within acceptable
limits.
5.8 Lighting:-
The power plant lighting , following normal practice, will comprise of
interior and exterior lights as appropriate. While the majority of the illuminaries
will be AC powered, emergency lighting will be DC supplied from station
battery system. The emergency lighting will be provided only for essential
locations e.g. control room, exits etc.
5.9 Switch yard and Switching Scheme:-
The project is proposed to be interfaced with the 400/220 kV Jangi pooling
point and 400 kV pooling point near Wangtoo. The evacuation arrangement has
been made after taking in to consideration the constraints on right of way,
reliability and the quantum of power that shall be injected in to Jangi pooling
point. On river Satluj, up stream of Thopan Powari HEP, a number of projects
with an aggregate generating potential of about 2300 MW have been identified,
though actual generating potential shall be determined after detailed
investigations are over. Schematic diagram showing the interconnection of these

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projects with each other is as per Annex. A. These projects shall run in
tandem i.e. each project shall be dependent on its immediate up stream project
for generation. Since the generation is in serial mode and the sufficient
transmission corridor is not available for laying individual transmission lines to
the grid, the evacuation of power from these projects shall also be in serial mode
i.e. each project shall feed its power in to its immediate down stream projects. In
order to evacuate this large chunk of power beyond Thopan Powari, ample
margin in the 400 kV switchgear at Thopan Powari has been kept which is
capable of handling the power likely to be injected in to Thopan Powari after
the commissioning of up stream power projects. Due to space constraints, 400
kV Gas Insulated Switchgear has been proposed and shall be housed on a floor
located just above the transformers in the transformer cavern. Single breaker
double bus bar arrangement has been proposed after giving due consideration to
its reliability, stability, easy maintenance and accessibility. The GIS switchyard
has 3 generator transformer bays, one bus coupler bay and four feeder bays. The
connection of the Pot yard with the underground GIS switchyards shall be made
via 400 kV, 4000 A GI ducts which shall be routed through separate bus duct
tunnel i.e. one for 2 Nos. 400 kV outgoing circuits and other for 2 Nos. 400 kV
circuits for up stream projects. Capacity of GI ducts has again been kept on
higher size for the reasons stated above.
6. Transmission of Power:-
Considering the amount of power to be evacuated and the distance
involved, it has been proposed to inject the power generated at Thopan Powari
power house in to 400 kV pooling point near Wangtoo. The proposed 400 kV
Pooling Point near Wangtoo shall be created by LILO of 400 kV Wangtoo-
Abdullapur line. For wheeling of power that shall be accumulated at this
pooling point, adequate number of feeders or HVDC link shall be established
between this pooling point and Northern Grid depending upon over all
evacuation requirement. The power from Thopan Powari HEP shall also form
part of this accumulated power.
7. Establishment:-
The electrical works of the project are proposed to be completed with
in 5 years time. Accordingly, the provision of regular establishment required for
to do electrical works in this time frame has been made in the estimate. The
design procurement, inspection, erection and commissioning of electrical works
of the project shall be done departmentally.
The provision of staff has been made as per the CEA’s norms
intimated from time to time.

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