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EXAMINATION
Mathematics Extension 2
2630
Section I
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section
1 What are the values of a, b and c for which the following identity is true?
5x 2 − x + 1 a bx + c
= +
( )
x x 2 + 1 x x2 + 1
(A) a = 1, b = 6, c = 1
(B) a = 1, b = 4, c = 1
(C) a = 1, b = 6, c = −1
(D) a = 1, b = 4, c = −1
(A) z 2 − 4z + 5
(B) z 2 + 4z + 5
(C) z 2 − 4z + 3
(D) z 2 + 4z + 3
7
(A)
16
(B)
4
15
(C)
4
(D)
4
– 2 –
⎛ π π⎞
Given z = 2 ⎜ cos + i sin ⎟ , which expression is equal to ( z ) ?
−1
4
⎝ 3 3 ⎠
1⎛ π π ⎞
⎛ π π ⎞
1⎛ π π ⎞
⎛ π π ⎞
y y
(A) (B)
O x O x
2 2
(C) y (D) y
O x O x
2 2
– 3 –
6 The region bounded by the curve y 2 = 8x and the line x = 2 is rotated about the
line x = 2 to form a solid.
y
y 2 = 8x
O 2 x
4 2
⌠
⎛
y 2 ⎞
(A)
π ⎮ 2
− ⎜ ⎟ dy
2
⎮ ⎝ 8
⎠
⌡0
4 2
⌠
⎛
y 2 ⎞
(B)
2π ⎮ 2
2 − ⎜ ⎟ dy
⎮ ⎝ 8
⎠
⌡0
4
⌠
⎛
y 2 ⎞
2
(C)
π ⎮ ⎜ 2
−
⎟ dy
⎮ ⎝
8
⎠
⌡0
4 2
⌠
⎛
y 2 ⎞
(D)
2π ⎮ ⎜ 2
−
⎟ dyy
⎮ ⎝
8
⎠
⌡0
– 4 –
⌠ 1
7 Which expression is equal to ⎮ dx ?
⌡ 1 − sin x
(C) loge
(1 − sin x ) + c
loge (1 − sin x )
(D)) +c
− cos x
8 The Argand diagram shows the complex numbers w, z and u, where w lies in the first
quadrant, z lies in the second quadrant and u lies on the negative real axis.
z w
u O
(A) u = zw and u = z + w
(B) u = zw and u = z – w
(C) z = uw and u = z + w
(D) z = uw and u = z – w
9 A particle is moving along a straight line so that initially its displacement is x = 1, its
velocity is v = 2, and its acceleration is a = 4.
(A) v = 2sin (x − 1) + 2
(B) v = 2 + 4loge x
(C) v 2 = 4 (x 2 − 2)
(D) v = x 2 + 2 x + 4
– 5 –
a
⌠
10 Which integral is necessarily equal to ⎮ ƒ ( x ) dx ?
⌡−a
a
⌠
(A) ⎮ ƒ ( x ) − ƒ ( −x ) dx
⌡0
a
⌠
(B) ⎮
ƒ ( x ) − ƒ ( a − x ) d x
⌡0
a
⌠
(C) ⎮ ƒ ( x − a ) + ƒ ( −x ) dx
⌡0
a
⌠
(D) ⎮
ƒ ( x − a ) + ƒ ( a − x ) dx
⌡0
– 6 –
Section II
90 marks
Attempt Questions 11–16
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section
Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.
In Questions 11–16, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations.
z
(ii) Express in the form x + iy, where x and y are real numbers. 2
w
1
⌠2
(b) Evaluate ⎮ (3 x − 1) cos(π x ) dx. 3
⌡0
1
(d) Without the use of calculus, sketch the graph y = x 2 − 2 , showing all 2
intercepts. x
(e) The region enclosed by the curve x = y (6 − y) and the y-axis is rotated about 3
the x-axis to form a solid.
Using the method of cylindrical shells, or otherwise, find the volume of the solid.
– 7 –
–1 O x
1
2
Draw a separate half-page graph for each of the following functions, showing all
asymptotes and intercepts.
1
(ii) y= 2
ƒ (x)
(b) It can be shown that 4cos3 θ − 3cos θ = cos3θ . (Do NOT prove this.)
3
(i) Show that cos3θ = . 1
2
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find the three real solutions of x 3 − 3 x = 3 . 2
– 8 –
Question 12 (continued)
Prove that the tangents to these curves at P are perpendicular to one another.
1
⌠ x 2n
(d) Let I n = ⎮ 2 dx , where n is an integer and n ≥ 0.
⌡0 x + 1
π
(i) Show that I 0 = . 1
4
1
(ii) Show that I n + I n −1 = . 2
2n − 1
1
⌠ x4
(iii) Hence, or otherwise, find ⎮ 2 dx . 2
⌡0 x + 1
End of Question 12
– 9 –
x
(a) Using the substitution t = tan , or otherwise, evaluate 3
2
π
⌠2 1
π 3sin x − 4 cos x + 5 dx .
⌡
3
y x2
2
x
y = –x 2
– 10 –
Question 13 (continued)
x2 y2
(c) The point S ( ae, 0 ) is the focus of the hyperbola − = 1 on the positive
a2 b2
x-axis.
⎛a b⎞
The points P ( a t, bt ) and Q ⎜ , − ⎟ lie on the asymptotes of the hyperbola,
⎝t t⎠
where t > 0.
( ) (
⎛ a t2 + 1 b t2 − 1 ⎞
The point M ⎜ ,
)
⎟ is the midpoint of PQ.
⎝ 2t 2t ⎠
y
P ( at , bt )
( ) (
⎛ a t2 + 1 b t2 − 1 ⎞
M⎜ , ⎟
)
⎝ 2t 2t ⎠
O S ( ae, 0 ) x
⎛a b⎞
Q⎜ , − ⎟
⎝t t⎠
(ii) Prove that the line through P and Q is a tangent to the hyperbola at M. 3
(iv) If P and S have the same x-coordinate, show that MS is parallel to one of 2
the asymptotes of the hyperbola.
End of Question 13
– 11 –
x2 y2
(b) The point P ( a cos θ , bsin θ ) lies on the ellipse + = 1 , where a > b.
a2 b2
b
P ( a cos θ , b sin θ )
f
O a x
⎛ a2 − b2 ⎞
(i) Show that tan φ = ⎜ ⎟ sin θ cos θ . 3
⎝ ab ⎠
– 12 –
Question 14 (continued)
(c) A high speed train of mass m starts from rest and moves along a straight track.
At time t hours, the distance travelled by the train from its starting point is x km,
and its velocity is v km/h.
The train is driven by a constant force F in the forward direction. The resistive
force in the opposite direction is Kv 2, where K is a positive constant. The
terminal velocity of the train is 300 km/h.
⎡ ⎛ v ⎞2⎤
mx = F ⎢1 − ⎜ ⎥.
⎢ ⎝ 300 ⎟⎠ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
(ii) Find, in terms of F and m, the time it takes the train to reach a velocity 4
of 200 km/h.
End of Question 14
– 13 –
(a) Three positive real numbers a, b and c are such that a + b + c = 1 and a ≤ b ≤ c. 2
(b) (i) Using de Moivre’s theorem, or otherwise, show that for every positive 2
integer n,
(1 + i )n + (1 – i )n = 2 ( 2 ) cos n π .
n
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that for every positive integer n divisible by 4, 3
n
⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞
( )
n
− + −
⎜⎝ 0 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 6 ⎟⎠ + + ⎜⎝ n⎟⎠ = ( − 1) 4
2 .
– 14 –
Question 15 (continued)
kv 2
r P
mg
T
�
f
O
The forces acting on the aeroplane are the gravitational force mg, the tension
force T in the string and a vertical lifting force kv 2, where k is a positive
constant.
(i) By resolving the forces on the aeroplane in the horizontal and the vertical 3
sin φ k g
directions, show that = − .
cos 2 φ m v2
sin φ k
(ii) Part (i) implies that < . (Do NOT prove this.) 2
cos 2 φ m
m 2 + 4 2 k 2 − m
sin φ < .
2 k
sin φ π π
(iii) Show that is an increasing function of φ for − <φ < . 2
cos φ
2 2 2
End of Question 15
– 15 –
(a) The diagram shows two circles 1 and 2. The point P is one of their points of
intersection. The tangent to 2 at P meets 1 at Q, and the tangent to 1 at P
meets 2 at R.
The points X and Y lie on the tangents PR and PQ, respectively, as shown in the
diagram.
C
P
A
X B
Y 2
– 16 –
Question 16 (continued)
− ⎛ 1 − x 2 + x 4 − x 6 + + ( − 1) x 2 n − 2 ⎞ ≤ x 2 n .
1 n −1
− x 2n ≤
1+ x 2 ⎝ ⎠
π ⎛ 1 ⎞
− ⎜ 1 − + − + ( − 1)
1 1 1 n −1 1
− ≤ ⎟ ≤ .
2n + 1 4 ⎝ 3 5 2n − 1 ⎠ 2n + 1
π 1 1 1
(iii) Explain why = 1 − + − + . 1
4 3 5 7
⌠ ln x
(c) Find ⎮ dx . 3
⎮
⌡( ) 2
1 + ln x
End of paper
– 17 –
BLANK PAGE
– 18 –
BLANK PAGE
– 19 –
STANDARD INTEGRALS
⌠ n 1 n+1
⎮ x dx = x , n ≠ −1; x ≠ 0, if n < 0
⌡ n +1
⌠ 1
⎮ x dx = ln x , x > 0
⌡
⌠ ax 1 ax
⎮ e dx = e , a≠0
⌡ a
⌠ 1
⎮ cos ax dx = sin ax , a ≠ 0
⌡ a
⌠ 1
⎮ sin ax d x = − cos ax , a ≠ 0
⌡ a
⌠ 1
2
⎮ sec ax dx = tan ax , a ≠ 0
⌡ a
⌠ 1
⎮ sec ax tan ax dx = a sec ax , a ≠ 0
⌡
⌠ 1 1 x
⎮ 2 dx = tan −1 , a ≠ 0
⌡ a + x2 a a
⌠ 1 x
⎮ dx = sin −1 , a > 0 , − a < x < a
a
⌡ a2 − x 2
⌠
⎮
⌡
1
x 2 − a2
dx ( )
= ln x + x 2 − a 2 , x > a > 0
⌠
⎮
⌡
1
x 2 + a2
dx (
= ln x + x 2 + a 2 )
NOTE : ln x = loge x , x > 0
– 20 –
© 2014 Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards NSW