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Arcing
Fault Current
Selective
S
XFMR-UTILS
Coordination 3
3-MSWBD MAIN
SWBD
5-Fdr to ATS-E
2
E N
ATS 260 Amp
6-PNL-A MAIN
1
PNL-A - 250 A
Goal #2 - Maximum Equipment
Protection and Reduction in Arc
Flash Energy
Correct fuse sizes and device settings will
quickly interrupt the fault current for a
short circuit downstream.
Shorter device delays = decreased
equipment damage = less Incident Energy
P
Maximum
2- XFMR-UTILS
S
XFMR-UTILS
5-Fdr to ATS-E
1
(No Selective Coordination)
E N
ATS 260 Amp
6-PNL-A MAIN
1
PNL-A - 250 A
Must balance these two conflicting goals
based upon the type of facility.
PDC Vocabulary
Time Current Curve (TCC)
Log-log graph of time versus current
Every breaker, fuse, and relay has a
time current characteristic curve.
PDC Vocabulary
Selective Device Coordination
– The devices plotted on the time current
curves are coordinated for all levels of fault
current and time.
Fuse
TCC
@15 kA
This Fuse
is Current
3-6 Sec Limiting –
Clearing
time is
0.004
seconds
5 kA
Thermal
Magnetic
Trip Unit
Thermal
Unit is
Fixed
Instant-
aneous
– Fixed
– Adjustable
Thermal
Magnetic
Breaker
20-50 Sec
4 kA
0.01-0.025 Sec 20 kA
Solid
Current Sensors
State Trip Rating Plugs
Current Setting
Unit
SQ D NW
40H
4000 Amp
Micrologic
Solid
Long Time Pickup (LTPU)
State Trip
Unit Long Time Delay (LTD)
Varies for
each Trip
Unit! Short Time Pickup (STPU)
Some
Short Time
Functions Delay I2T-IN
(I2T)
are Not Short Time Delay (STD)
Adjustable!
Instantaneous (I)
Solid
State Trip 170-210 Sec
SQ D NW 6 kA
40H
4000 Amp
Micrologic
0.08-0.12 Sec 30 kA
100 kA
0.01-0.06 Sec
Time Current Curves
An example
of a TCC with
Coordinated
Devices
4
In c i d e n t E n e r g y
3
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Fault Current
30
20
10
3 3 3 4
0 1 1 1 2 2
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Device Operating Time
50
In c id e n t E n e rg y
40
30 2 1
4+ 4 3
20
10 0
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Distance (Inches)
Energy Class
Arc Flash Warning Labels
What does it mean?
Limited Approach Boundary:
An approach limit at a distance from an
exposed live part within which a shock
hazard exists. This value is determined by
NFPA 70E (2004) Table 130.2(B).
Qualified Persons
Unqualified if accompanied by a Qualified
Persons
PPE not required if AF Boundary is not in
Limited Approach Boundary
Restricted Approach Boundary
An approach limit at a distance from an
exposed live part within which there is an
increased risk of shock, due to electrical
arc over combined with inadvertent
movement, for personnel working in close
proximity to the live part.
Determined by NFPA 70E (2004) Table
130.2(B)
Restricted Approach Boundary
Qualified Persons Only
Must wear PPE
Prohibited Approach Boundary
An approach limit at a distance from an
exposed live part within which work is
considered the same as making contact
with the live part.
Determined by NFPA 70E (2004) Table
130.2(B).
Qualified Persons Only
PPE Required as if in direct contact
Flash
Protection
Boundary
Equipment
Limited Approach Restricted Boundary Prohibited Boundary
Boundary (Fixed by Voltage) (Fixed by Voltage)
(Fixed by Voltage)
Prohibited Boundary: Qualified Persons Only. PPE required as if direct contact with
energized part
Arc Flash Label Installation
Always clean the surface with detergent to
remove all grease and dirt. Wipe surface
dry before applying the label.
Some locations will have a Line Side Label.
They should be installed at locations
where maintenance staff could be exposed
to energized parts on the line side of a
fuse or circuit breaker. Examples of this
are Main Breakers in Switchboards and
Switchgear.
Arc Flash Label Installation
Transformer Labels are for small
distribution transformers (480/208 V)
where both the 480 and 208 Volts
terminals are exposed.
Locations where the label will be exposed
to direct sun light should be brought to
the attention of PowerStudies, Inc. We
will provide labels with a special UV
protective covering to protect the label
from fading.
Line Side vs Bus AF Labels
Need more Information
www.powerstudies.com
– Articles
– Links
– Specifications for Power System Studies
Short Circuit
Protective Device Coordination
Arc Flash Hazard
Phone: 253-639-8535
Email: fuhr@powerstudies.com
Your Report
Thank you for your time!
Questions?????