1. .1 A force is a push or a pull that tends to change the state of motion of a body.

2. 2.2 A force is completely described by four quantities: (a) magnitude, (b)

direction, (c) sense, and (d) point of application.
3. 2.3 The unit of force is the pound (lb) in the U.S. Customary System and the
newton (N) in the SI. Also used are kip, ton, and kilonewton.
4. 2.4 A distributed load has a large area of application with respect to the total
surface area. A concentrated load has a small area of application with respect to
the total surface area. An external resisting force is called a reaction.
5. 2.5 A force is a vector quantity. A vector is a graphical representation of a vector
quantity. A force is usually denoted with an uppercase letter and sometimes
subscripted.

and the inclination of the force P with the X axis is expressed as

(2.2)

Conversely, a single force may be replaced by two or more forces called components
that will produce the same effect as the single force they replace. The rectangular
components of a single force F, in terms of the angle at which it is inclined with
the X axis, are expressed by
(2.3)

and the inclination of the force P with the X axis is expressed as

(2.2)

Conversely, a single force may be replaced by two or more forces called components
that will produce the same effect as the single force they replace. The rectangular
components of a single force F, in terms of the angle at which it is inclined with
the X axis, are expressed by
 (2.3)

Computer Problems
For the following computer problems, any appropriate software may be used. Input
prompts should fully explain what is required of the user (the program should be user-
friendly). The resulting output should be well labeled and self-explanatory.

1. 2.8 Write a program that will calculate the rectangular components of a force.
User input is to be the magnitude of the force (lb) and its inclination with the
positive X axis, as defined in Figure 2.12.
2. 2.9 Write a program that will calculate the magnitude of a resultant force, given
the X and Y rectangular components of the force. Also include the calculation
of the inclination of the resultant force with the positive X axis.
3. 2.10 Calculate and display the vertical and horizontal components for a given
force (user input). The angle of the force with the positive X axis is to vary
from 0° to 90° in steps of 2°.