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Self Switching Power Supply
Introduction
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Self Switching Power Supply
Block Diagram
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Self Switching Power Supply
Hardware Requirements
Transformer
Rectifier
Filter
Regulator
Relay
Transistor (BC 547 & BC 557)
Resistor
Capacitor
1n 4007
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Self Switching Power Supply
Power Supply
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Self Switching Power Supply
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Self Switching Power Supply
Rectifier
A bridge rectifier is an arrangement of four or more diodes in a bridge
circuit configuration which provides the same output polarity for either
input polarity. It is used for converting an alternating current (AC) input
into a direct current (DC) output.
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Self Switching Power Supply
Filters
These are signals that are very close to 0Hz in frequency value.
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Self Switching Power Supply
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Self Switching Power Supply
Relay
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Self Switching Power Supply
Working Principle
A regulated power supply circuit that though a fixed-voltage regulator U1-
LM7805 not only gives a variable but also auto switch off features This is
achieved by connecting a potentiometer between common terminal of
regulator IC and ground. For every 100-ohm increment in the in- circuit
value of the resistance of potentiometer RV1, the output voltage increases
by 1 volt.
Thus, the output varies from 3.7V to 8.7V (taking into account 1.3-volt drop
across diodes D7 and D8).
Another important feature of the supply is that it switches itself off when
no load is connected across its output terminals.
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Self Switching Power Supply
Working Principle
This is achieved with the help of transistors Q1 and Q2, diodes D7 and
D8, and capacitor C2. When a load is connected at the output, potential
drop across diodes D7 and D8 (approximately 1.3V) is sufficient for
transistors Q2 and Q1 to conduct.
As a result, the relay gets energized and remains in that state as long as
the load remains connected. At the same time, capacitor C2 gets
charged to around 7-8 volt potential through transistor Q2. But when
the load( a lamp here in series with S2 ) is disconnected, transistor Q2
is cut off. However, capacitor C2 is still charged and it starts discharging
through base of transistor Q1.
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Self Switching Power Supply
Working Principle
After some time (which is basically determined by value of C2), relay RL1 is
de-energized, which switches off the mains input to primary of transformer
TR1.
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Self Switching Power Supply
Working Principle
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Self Switching Power Supply
Advantages
Less costly
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Self Switching Power Supply
Disadvantages
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Self Switching Power Supply
Applications
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Self Switching Power Supply
Conclusion
Almost all electronic equipements include a circuit that converts AC
voltage of main supply into DC voltage. This part of the equipments is called
power supply. In General, at the input of the power supply, there is a power
transformer. A diode circuit called rectifier follows it. The output of the
rectifier goes to a smoothing filter and then to a voltage regulator circuit.
The rectifier is the heart of the power supply.
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