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N 22
14-1 d = = = 3.667 in
P 6
N 18
14-2 d = = = 1.8 in
P 10
Table 14-2: Y = 0.309
π dn π (1.8)(600)
Eq. (13-34): V = = = 282.7 ft/min
12 12
1200 + 282.7
Eq. (14-4b): K v = = 1.236
1200
H 2
Eq. (13-35) : W t = 33 000 = 33 000 = 233.5 lbf
V 282.7
K W t P 1.236(233.5)(10)
Eq. (14-7): σ = v = = 9340 psi = 9.34 kpsi Ans.
FY 1.0(0.309)
________________________________________________________________________
14-5 d = mN = 1(16) = 16 mm
Table 14-2: Y = 0.296
π dn π (16)(10−3 )(400)
V = = = 0.335 m/s
60 60
6.1 + 0.335
Eq. (14-6b): Kv = = 1.055
6.1
60 000H 60 000(0.15)
Eq. (13-36): Wt = = = 0.4476 kN = 447.6 N
π dn π (16)(400)
K vW t 1.055(447.6)
Eq. (14-8): F = = = 10.6 mm
σ mY 150(1)(0.296)
14-6 d = mN = 2(20) = 40 mm
Table 14-2: Y = 0.322
π dn π (40)(10−3 )(200)
V = = = 0.419 m/s
60 60
6.1 + 0.419
Eq. (14-6b): Kv = = 1.069
6.1
60 000 H 60 000(0.5)
Eq. (13-36): Wt = = = 1.194 kN = 1194 N
π dn π (40)(200)
K vW t 1.069(1194)
Eq. (14-8): F = = = 26.4 mm
σ mY 75(2.0)(0.322)
N 16
14-8 d = = = 4.0 in
P 4
Table 14-2: Y = 0.296
π dn π (4.0)(400)
Eq. (13-34): V = = = 418.9 ft/min
12 12
1200 + 418.9
Eq. (14-4b): K v = = 1.349
1200
H 20
Eq. (13-35) : W t = 33 000 = 33 000 = 1575.6 lbf
V 418.9
K W t P 1.349(1575.6)(4)
Eq. (14-7): F = v = = 2.39 in
σY 12(103 )(0.296)
Use F = 2.5 in Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
π dn π (2.25)(600)
Eq. (13-34): V = = = 353.4 ft/min
12 12
1200 + 353.4
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.295
1200
H 2.5
Eq. (13-35): W t = 33 000 = 33 000 = 233.4 lbf
V 353.4
K W t P 1.295(233.4)(8)
Eq. (14-7): F = v = = 0.783 in
σY 10(103 )(0.309)
Using coarse integer pitches from Table 13-2, the following table is formed.
π dn π (36)(10−3 )(900)
V = = = 1.696 m/s
60 60
6.1 + 1.696
Eq. (14-6b): K v = = 1.278
6.1
60 000H 60 000(1.5)
Eq. (13-36): W t = = = 0.884 kN = 884 N
π dn π (36)(900)
1.278(884)
Eq. (14-8): F = = 24.4 mm
75(2)(0.309)
Using the preferred module sizes from Table 13-2:
m d V Kv Wt F
1.00 18.0 0.848 1.139 1768.388 86.917
1.25 22.5 1.060 1.174 1414.711 57.324
1.50 27.0 1.272 1.209 1178.926 40.987
2.00 36.0 1.696 1.278 884.194 24.382
3.00 54.0 2.545 1.417 589.463 12.015
4.00 72.0 3.393 1.556 442.097 7.422
5.00 90.0 4.241 1.695 353.678 5.174
6.00 108.0 5.089 1.834 294.731 3.888
8.00 144.0 6.786 2.112 221.049 2.519
10.00 180.0 8.482 2.391 176.839 1.824
12.00 216.0 10.179 2.669 147.366 1.414
16.00 288.0 13.572 3.225 110.524 0.961
20.00 360.0 16.965 3.781 88.419 0.721
25.00 450.0 21.206 4.476 70.736 0.547
32.00 576.0 27.143 5.450 55.262 0.406
40.00 720.0 33.929 6.562 44.210 0.313
50.00 900.0 42.412 7.953 35.368 0.243
14-11
NP 20 N 50
dP = = = 2.5 in, d G = G = = 6.25 in
P 8 P 8
π (2.5)(1200)
V = = 785.4 ft/min
12
1200 + 785.4
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.655
1200
H 12
Eq. (13-36): W t = 33 000 = 33 000 = 504.2 lbf
V 785.4
Table 14-8: C p = 2100 psi [Note: Using Eq. (14-13) can result in wide variation in
Cp due to wide variation in cast iron properties.]
14-12
16 48
dP = = 1.333 in, dG = = 4 in
12 12
π (1.333)(700)
V = = 244.3 ft/min
12
1200 + 244.3
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.204
1200
H 1.5
Eq. (13-36): Wt = 33 000 = 33 000 = 202.6 lbf
V 244.3
Table 14-8: C p = 2100 psi [Note: Using Eq. (14-13) can result in wide variation
in Cp due to wide variation in cast iron properties.]
Table 14-8: C p = 163 MPa [Note: Using Eq. (14-13) can result in wide variation in
Cp due to wide variation in cast iron properties].
120 sin 20° 240 sin 20°
Eq. (14-12): r1 = = 20.52 mm, r2 = = 41.04 mm
2 2
1.103(3.183) (103 ) H 1
1/ 2
1
Eq. (14-14): −690 = −163 +
60 cos 20o 20.52 41.04
H = 3.94 kW Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
14-14
d P = 4(20) = 80 mm, dG = 4(32) = 128 mm
π (80)(10−3 )(1000)
V = = 4.189 m/s
60
3.05 + 4.189
Eq. (14-6a): Kv = = 2.373
3.05
60(10)(103 )
Wt = = 2.387 kN = 2387 N
π (80)(1000)
Table 14-8: C p = 163 MPa [Note: Using Eq. (14-13) can result in wide variation in
Cp due to wide variation in cast iron properties.]
17 30
dP = = 1.417 in, dG = = 2.500 in
12 12
π d P n π (1.417)(525)
V = = = 194.8 ft/min
12 12
1200 + 194.8
Eq. (14-4b): K v = = 1.162
1200
Eq. (6-8), p. 290: Se′ = 0.5(76) = 38.0 kpsi
Eq. (6-19), p. 295: ka = 2.70(76)–0.265 = 0.857
2.25 2.25
l = = = 0.1875 in
Pd 12
3Y 3(0.303)
Eq. (14-3): x= P = = 0.0379 in
2P 2(12)
Eq. (b), p. 729: t = 4lx = 4(0.1875)(0.0379) = 0.1686 in
Eq. (6-25), p. 297: de = 0.808 hb = 0.808 0.875(0.1686) = 0.310 in
−0.107
0.310
Eq. (6-20), p. 296: kb = = 0.996
0.3
kc = kd = ke = 1
Account for one-way bending with kf = 1.66. (See Ex. 14-2.)
For stress concentration, find the radius of the root fillet (See Ex. 14-2).
0.300 0.300
rf = = = 0.025 in
P 12
From Fig. A-15-6,
r r 0.025
= f = = 0.148
d t 0.1686
Wear
ν 1 = ν 2 = 0.292, E1 = E2 = 30(106) psi
1/ 2
1
Eq. (14-13): Cp = = 2285 psi
1 − 0.292
2
2π 30 (106 )
dP 1.417
Eq. (14-12): r1 = sin φ = sin 20° = 0.242 in
2 2
d 2.500
r2 = G sin φ = sin 20° = 0.428 in
2 2
1 1 1 1
+ = + = 6.469 in −1
r1 r2 0.242 0.428
Eq. (6-68), p. 337: (SC )108 = 0.4H B − 10 kpsi = [0.4(149) − 10](103 ) = 49 600 psi
From the discussion and equation developed on the bottom of p. 337,
( S ) 8 −49 600
σ C ,all = − C 10 = = −33 067 psi
n 2.25
−33 067 0.875cos 20°
2
H1 = 1.89 hp
H2 = 0.133 hp
Wear
1/ 2
1
Eq. (14-13): Cp = = 2285 psi
1 − 0.292
2
2π 30 (106 )
H1 = 140 hp
H 2 = 52.0 hp
H rated = min(140, 52.0) = 52.0 hp Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
Pinion bending
d P = mN P = 6(16) = 96 mm
dG = 6(30) = 180 mm
π d P n π (96)(10−3 )(1145)
V = = = 5.76 m/s
60 (60)
6.1 + 5.76
Kv = = 1.944
6.1
Se′ = 0.5(900) = 450 MPa
ka = 4.51(900) −0.265 = 0.744
l = 2.25m = 2.25(6) = 13.5 mm
x = 3Ym / 2 = 3(0.296)6 / 2 = 2.664 mm
t = 4lx = 4(13.5)(2.664) = 12.0 mm
de = 0.808 75(12.0) = 24.23 mm
−0.107
24.23
kb = = 0.884
7.62
kc = k d = ke = 1
kf = 1.66 (See Ex. 14-2)
Se = 0.744(0.884)(1)(1)(1)(1.66)(450) = 491.3 MPa
rf = 0.300m = 0.300(6) = 1.8 mm
r/d = rf /t = 1.8/12 = 0.15, Kt = 1.68, q = 0.86, Kf = 1.58
1/ 2
1
Eq. (14-13): C p = = 190 MPa
1 − 0.292 2
2π 207 (103 )
Eq. (6-68), p. 337: SC = 6.89[0.4(260) – 10] = 647.7 MPa
−647.7
σ C ,all = −SC / nd = = −568 MPa
1.3
2
σ F cos φ 1
Eq. (14-14): W = C ,all
t
Cp K v 1 / r1 + 1 / r2
−568 75cos 20
2
o
1
= = 3469 N
190 1.944 1 / 16.42 + 1 / 30.78
W tπ dn 3.469π (96)(1145)
Eq. (13-36): H = = = 20.0 kW
60 000 60 000
Thus, wear controls the gearset power rating; H = 20.0 kW. Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
Bending
Eq. (2-21), p. 52: Sut = 0.5 HB = 0.5(232) = 116 kpsi
Eq. (6-8), p. 290: Se′ = 0.5Sut = 0.5(116) = 58 kpsi
Eq. (6-19), p. 295: ka = 2.70(116)−0.265 = 0.766
3YP 3(0.303)
Eq. (14-3): x = = = 0.0758 in
2P 2(6)
Eq. (b), p. 729: t = 4lx = 4(0.375)(0.0758) = 0.337 in
Eq. (6-25), p. 297: de = 0.808 F t = 0.808 2(0.337) = 0.663 in
−0.107
0.663
Eq. (6-20), p. 296: kb = = 0.919
0.30
kc = kd = ke = 1
For stress concentration, find the radius of the root fillet (See Ex. 14-2).
0.300 0.300
rf = = = 0.050 in
P 6
r r 0.05
Fig. A-15-6: = f = = 0.148
d t 0.338
Wear
1/ 2
1
Eq. (14-13): Cp = 6
= 2285 psi
2π[(1 - 0.292 ) / 30(10 )]
2
dP 2.833
Eq. (14-12): r1 = sin φ = sin 20 o = 0.485 in
2 2
dG 8.500
r2 = sin φ = sin 20 o = 1.454 in
2 2
1 1 1 1
+ = + = 2.750 in
r1 r2 0.485 1.454
We will introduce the design factor of nd = 2 and because it is a contact stress apply it
to the load Wt by dividing by nd = 2 . (See p. 337.)
σc 82 800
σ C ,all = − =− = −58 548 psi
2 2
Bending
3YG 3(0.4103)
Eq. (14-3): x= = = 0.1026 in
2P 2(6)
Eq. (b), p. 729: t = 4 lx = 4(0.375)(0.1026) = 0.392 in ±
Eq. (6-25): de = 0.808 F t = 0.808 2(0.392) = 0.715 in
−0.107
0.715
Eq. (6-20): kb = = 0.911
0.30
kc = kd = ke = 1
kf = 1.66. (See Ex. 14-2.)
Eq. (6-18): Se = 0.766(0.911)(1)(1)(1)(1.66)(58) = 67.2 kpsi
r r 0.050
= f = = 0.128
d t 0.392
Wear
Since the material of the pinion and the gear are the same, and the contact stresses are
the same, the allowable power transmission of both is the same. Thus, Hall = 6.67 hp
for 108 revolutions of each. As yet, we have no way to establish SC for 108/3
revolutions.
(d)
Pinion bending: H1 = 32.3 hp
Pinion wear: H2 = 6.67 hp
Gear bending: H3 = 41.1 hp
Gear wear: H4 = 6.67 hp
Power rating of the gear set is thus
Hrated = min(32.3, 6.67, 41.1, 6.67) = 6.67 hp Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
mG = NG/NP = 48/16 = 3
With N (pinion) = 108 cycles and N (gear) = 108/3, Fig. 14-14 provides the relations:
(YN ) P = 1.3558(108 ) −0.0178 = 0.977
(YN )G = 1.3558(108 / 3)−0.0178 = 0.996
S Y / ( KT K R )
Eq. (14-41): (S F ) P = t N
σ
28 260(0.977) / [(1)(0.85)]
= = 2.47 Ans.
13 170
1/ 2
1.156 1
= 2300 787.8(1)(1.196)(1.088)
2.667(2) 0.1205
= 98 760 psi Ans.
Eq. (14-42):
S Z /( KT K R ) 93 500(0.948) /[(1)(0.85)]
(S H ) P = c N = = 1.06 Ans.
σc P 98 760
KB = Ko = Yθ = ZR = 1
1
( )
0.0535
Ks = = 0.8433 mF Y
kb
0.0535
( K s ) P = 0.8433 2.5(18) 0.322 = 1.003 use 1
0.0535
( K s )G = 0.8433 2.5(18) 0.3775 =1.007 use 1
Cmc = Ce = C pm = 1
18
F = 18 / 25.4 = 0.709 in, C pf = − 0.025 = 0.011
10(50)
Cma = 0.247 + 0.0167(0.709) − 0.765(10−4 )(0.7092 ) = 0.259
K H = 1 + 1[0.011(1) + 0.259(1)] = 1.27
14-21
Pt = Pn cosψ = 6 cos 30° = 5.196 teeth/in
16 48
dP = = 3.079 in, dG = (3.079) = 9.238 in
5.196 16
π (3.079)(300)
V = = 241.8 ft/min
12
0.8255
33 000(5) 59.77 + 241.8
W =t
= 682.3 lbf , K v = = 1.210
241.8 59.77
YP = 0.296, YG = 0.4056
( K s ) P = 1.088, ( K s )G = 1.097, K B = 1
mG = 3, (YN ) P = 0.977, (YN )G = 0.996, K R = 0.85
(St ) P = (St )G = 28 260 psi, CH = 1, (Sc ) P = (Sc )G = 93 500 psi
(Z N ) P = 0.948, (Z N )G = 0.973, C p = 2300 psi
Eq. (14-25):
1/ 2 1/ 2
3.079
2
9.238
2
Z = + 0.167 − 1.419 +
2
+ 0.167 − 4.2582
2 2
3.079 9.238
− + sin 22.8°
2 2
= 0.9479 + 2.1852 − 2.3865 = 0.7466 Conditions O.K . for use
π
p N = pn cos φ n = cos 20° = 0.4920 in
6
pN 0.492
Eq. (14-21): mN = = = 0.6937
0.95Z 0.95(0.7466)
1/ 2
1.097
(σ c )G = (67 700) = 67 980 psi Ans.
1.088
93 500(0.973) /[(1)(0.85)]
( S H )G = = 1.57 Ans.
67 980
________________________________________________________________________
14-22 Given: R = 0.99 at 108 cycles, HB = 232 through-hardening Grade 1, core and case, both
gears. NP = 17T, NG = 51T,
Table 14-2: YP = 0.303, YG = 0.4103
Pinion bending
From Fig. 14-2:
0.99 (St )107 = 77.3H B + 12 800
= 77.3(232) + 12 800 = 30 734 psi
Pinion wear
2.25 3Y 3.674
t = 4 lx = 4 = Y
Pd 2Pd Pd
3.674 F Y
de = 0.808 F t = 0.808 F Y = 1.5487
Pd Pd
−0.107
−0.0535
1.5487 F Y / P F Y
kb = d
= 0.8389
0.30 Pd
0.0535
1 F Y
Ks = = 1.192 Ans.
kb Pd
________________________________________________________________________
14-24 YP = 0.331, YG = 0.422, JP = 0.345, JG = 0.410, Ko = 1.25. The service conditions are
adequately described by Ko. Set SF = SH = 1.
dP = 22 / 4 = 5.500 in
dG = 60 / 4 = 15.000 in
32 125(0.832)
Eq. (14-17): (σ all ) P = = 26 728 psi
1(1)(1)
B = 0.25(12 − 6)2 / 3 = 0.8255
A = 50 + 56(1 − 0.8255) = 59.77
0.8255
59.77 + 1649
K v = = 1.534
59.77
K s = 1, Cm = 1
F
Cmc = − 0.0375 + 0.0125 F
10d
3.25
= − 0.0375 + 0.0125(3.25) = 0.0622
10(5.5)
Cma = 0.127 + 0.0158(3.25) − 0.093(10−4 )(3.252 ) = 0.178
Ce = 1
K m = Cm f = 1 + (1)[0.0622(1) + 0.178(1)] = 1.240
K B = 1, KT = 1
26 728(3.25)(0.345)
Eq. (14-15): W1t = = 3151 lbf
1.25(1.534)(1)(4)(1.240)
3151(1649)
H1 = = 157.5 hp
33 000
Pinion wear
mG = 60 / 22 = 2.727
cos 20o sin 20o 2.727
I = = 0.1176
2 1 + 2.727
0.99 ( Sc )107 = 322(250) + 29 100 = 109 600 psi
Gear wear
Similarly, W4t = 1182 lbf , H 4 = 59.0 hp
Rating
H rated = min( H1, H 2 , H 3, H 4 )
= min(157.5, 192.9, 53, 59) = 53 hp Ans.
W1t 3151
(S F ) P = = = 3.15 Ans.
1000 1000
W2t 3861
( S F )G = = = 3.86 Ans.
1000 1000
Pinion wear
W3t 1061
based on load: n3 = = = 1.06
1000 1000
based on stress: (S H ) P = 1.06 = 1.03 Ans.
Gear wear
W4t 1182
based on load: n4 = = = 1.18
1000 1000
Factors of safety are used to assess the relative threat of loss of function 3.15, 3.86, 1.06,
1.18 where the threat is from pinion wear. By comparison, the AGMA safety factors
(SF)P, (SF)G, (SH)P, (SH)G
are
3.15, 3.86, 1.03, 1.09 or 3.15, 3.86, 1.061/2, 1.181/2
and the threat is again from pinion wear. Depending on the magnitude of the numbers,
using SF and SH as defined by AGMA, does not necessarily lead to the same conclusion
concerning threat. Therefore be cautious.
________________________________________________________________________
14-26 Solution summary from Prob. 14-24: n = 1145 rev/min, Ko = 1.25, Grade 1 materials,
NP = 22T, NG = 60T, mG = 2.727, YP = 0.331,YG = 0.422, JP = 0.345, JG = 0.410, Pd =
4T /in, F = 3.25 in, Qv = 6, (Nc)P = 3(109), R = 0.99, Km = 1.240, KT = 1, KB = 1,
dP = 5.500 in, dG = 15.000 in, V = 1649 ft/min, Kv = 1.534, (Ks )P = (Ks )G = 1, (YN )P =
0.832, (YN )G = 0.859, KR = 1
Bending
(σ all ) P = 26 728 psi (St ) P = 32 125 psi
(σ all )G = 27 546 psi (St )G = 32 125 psi
W1t = 3151 lbf , H1 = 157.5 hp
W2t = 3861 lbf , H 2 = 192.9 hp
Wear
φ = 20o , I = 0.1176, (Z N ) P = 0.727
(Z N )G = 0.769, CP = 2300 psi
(Sc ) P = Sc = 322(390) + 29 100 = 154 680 psi
154 680(0.727)
(σ c,all ) P = = 112 450 psi
1(1)(1)
154 680(0.769)
(σ c,all )G = = 118 950 psi
1(1)(1)
2
112 450 2113(1649)
W3t = (1061) = 2113 lbf , H3 = = 105.6 hp
79 679 33 000
2
118 950 2354(1649)
W =
4
t
(1182) = 2354 lbf , H4 = = 117.6 hp
109 600(0.769) 33 000
Prob. 14-24:
Hrated = min(157.5, 192.9, 53.0, 59.0) = 53 hp
14-27 The gear and the pinion are 9310 grade 1, carburized and case-hardened to obtain Brinell
285 core and Brinell 580–600 case.
Modification of Sc by YN produces
Rating
Hrated = min(228, 283, 124, 138) = 124 hp Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
Summary:
Table 14-3: 0.99 (St )107 = 65 000 psi
(σ all ) P = 53 959 psi
(σ all )G = 55 736 psi
Consequently,
W3t = 4801 lbf , H 3 = 240 hp
W4t = 5337 lbf , H 4 = 267 hp
Rating
Hrated = min(270, 335, 240, 267) = 240 hp. Ans.
________________________________________________________________________
14-29 Given: n = 1145 rev/min, Ko = 1.25, NP = 22T, NG = 60T, mG = 2.727, dP = 2.75 in, dG =
7.5 in, YP = 0.331,YG = 0.422, JP = 0.335, JG = 0.405, P = 8T /in, F = 1.625 in, HB = 250,
case and core, both gears. Cm = 1, F/dP = 0.0591, Cf = 0.0419, Cpm = 1, Cma = 0.152,
Ce = 1, Km = 1.1942, KT = 1, KB = 1, Ks = 1,V = 824 ft/min, (YN )P = 0.8318, (YN )G =
0.859, KR = 1, I = 0.117 58
Rating
Hrated = min(21.97, 27.4, 7.59, 8.50) = 7.59 hp
7.59 1 1
= 0.1432 = , not Ans.
53.0 6.98 8
t
Wrated = min(879.3, 1098, 304, 340) = 304 lbf
In Prob. 14-24
t
Wrated = 1061 lbf
Thus
304 1 1
= 0.2865 = , not Ans.
1061 3.49 4
________________________________________________________________________
Bending
Table 14-4: 0.99 (St )107 = 13 000 psi
13 000(1)
(σ all ) P = (σ all )G = = 13 000 psi
1(1)(1)
σ all FJ P 13 000(3.25)(0.345)
W1t = = = 1533 lbf
K o K v K s Pd K m K B 1.25(1.534)(1)(4)(1.24)(1)
1533(1649)
H1 = = 76.6 hp
33 000
W2t = W1t J G / J P = 1533(0.410) / 0.345 = 1822 lbf
H2 = H1J G / J P = 76.6(0.410) / 0.345 = 91.0 hp
Wear
Table 14-8: C p = 1960 psi
Table 14-7: 0.99 (Sc )107 = 75 000 psi = (σ c,all ) P = (σ c,all )G
Rating
Notice that the balance between bending and wear power is improved due to CI’s more
favorable Sc/St ratio. Also note that the life is 107 pinion revolutions which is (1/300) of
3(109). Longer life goals require power de-rating.
________________________________________________________________________
1.4(81)
SC = = 51 693 psi
2sin14.5° / [11.8(106 )]
For φ = 20°
1.4(112)
SC = = 52 008 psi
2sin 20° / [11.8(106 )]
SC = 0.32(156) = 49.9 kpsi
The first two calculations were approximately 4 percent higher.
________________________________________________________________________
We will obtain all of the needed factors, roughly in the order presented in the textbook.
To estimate a size factor, get the Lewis Form Factor from Table 14-2, Y = 0.296.
From Eq. (a), Sec. 14-10,
0.0535 0.0535
F Y 2π 0.296
K s = 1.192 = 1.192 = 1.23
P 2
The load distribution factor is applicable for straddle-mounted gears, which is not the
case here since the gear is mounted outboard of the bearings. Lacking anything better,
we will use the load distribution factor as a rough estimate.
For the stress-cycle factors, we need the desired number of load cycles.
Tooth bending
Pd K m K B
Eq. (14-15): σ = W t KoKvKs
F J
2 (1.36)(1)
= 705(1)(1.65)(1.23) = 2294 psi
2π 0.27
S Y / ( KT K R )
Eq. (14-41): SF = t N
σ
47 000(0.9) / [(1)(0.885)]
= = 20.8 Ans.
2294
Sc Z N / ( KT K R )
SH =
σc
139 000(0.8) / [(1)(0.885)]
= = 2.9 Ans
43 750
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To estimate a size factor, get the Lewis Form Factor from Table 14-2, Y = 0.296.
1
( )
0.0535
Ks = = 0.8433 mF Y
kb
0.0535
K s = 0.8433 18.75(236) 0.296 = 1.28
Convert the diameter and facewidth to inches for use in the load-distribution factor
equations. d = 300/25.4 = 11.81 in, F = 236/25.4 = 9.29 in
For the stress-cycle factors, we need the desired number of load cycles.
Tooth bending
1 KH KB
Eq. (14-15): σ = W t KoKvKs
bmt YJ
1 (1.44)(1)
= 20 670(1)(1.69)(1.28) = 53.9 MPa
236(18.75) 0.27
S Y / ( KT K R )
Eq. (14-41): SF = t N
σ
324(0.9) / [(1)(0.955)]
= = 5.66 Ans.
53.9
Tooth wear
1/ 2
K Z
Eq. (14-16): σ c = Z E W t KoKvKs H R
d w1b Z I
Since gear B is a pinion, CH is not used in Eq. (14-42) (see p. 757), where
Sc Z N / ( KT K R )
SH =
σc
960(0.85) / [(1)(0.955)]
= = 1.72 Ans
498
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14-38 From the solution to Prob. 13-40, n = 191 rev/min, Wt = 1600 N, d = 125 mm,
N = 15 teeth, m = 8.33 mm/tooth.
F = b = 4 p = 4 (π m ) = 4π ( 8.33) = 105 mm
π dn π (0.125)(191)
V = = = 1.25 m/s
60 60
We will obtain all of the needed factors, roughly in the order presented in the textbook.
To estimate a size factor, get the Lewis Form Factor from Table 14-2, Y = 0.290.
Similar to Eq. (a) of Sec. 14-10 but for SI units:
1
( )
0.0535
Ks = = 0.8433 mF Y
kb
0.0535
K s = 0.8433 8.33(105) 0.290 = 1.17
Convert the diameter and facewidth to inches for use in the load-distribution factor
For the stress-cycle factors, we need the desired number of load cycles.
N = 12 000 h (191 rev/min)(60 min/h) = 1.4 (108) rev
Fig. 14-14: YN = 0.95
Fig. 14-15: ZN = 0.88
Eq. 14-38: K R = 0.658 − 0.0759 ln (1 − R ) = 0.658 − 0.0759ln (1 − 0.95) = 0.885
Tooth bending
1 KH KB
Eq. (14-15): σ = W t KoKvKs
bmt YJ
1 (1.42)(1)
= 1600(1)(1.21)(1.17) = 14.7 MPa
105(8.33) 0.25
Since gear is a pinion, CH is not used in Eq. (14-42) (see p. 753), where
S Y / ( KT K R )
SF = t N
σ
448(0.95) / [(1)(0.885)]
= = 32.7 Ans.
14.7
Tooth wear
1/ 2
K Z
Eq. (14-16): σ c = Z E W t KoKvKs H R
d w1b Z I
1/ 2
1.42 1
= 191 1600(1)(1.21)(1.17)
125(105) 0.107
= 289 MPa
S Z / ( KT K R )
SH = c N
Eq. (14-42):
σc
1550(0.88) / [(1)(0.885)]
= = 5.33 Ans
289
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We will obtain all of the needed factors, roughly in the order presented in the textbook.
To estimate a size factor, get the Lewis Form Factor from Table 14-2, Y = 0.290.
From Eq. (a), Sec. 14-10,
0.0535 0.0535
F Y 4.2 0.290
K s = 1.192 = 1.192 = 1.17
P 3
Eq. (14-31): Cmc = 1 (uncrowned teeth)
4.2
Eq. (14-32): C pf = − 0.0375 + 0.0125(4.2) = 0.099
10(5)
Eq. (14-33): Cpm = 1
Fig. 14-11: Cma = 0.32 (Open gearing)
Eq. (14-35): Ce = 1
Eq. (14-30): K m = 1 + 1[0.099(1) + 0.32(1)] = 1.42
For the stress-cycle factors, we need the desired number of load cycles.
N = 14 000 h (140 rev/min)(60 min/h) = 1.2 (108) rev
Fig. 14-14: YN = 0.95
Fig. 14-15: ZN = 0.88
Eq. 14-38: K R = 0.658 − 0.0759 ln (1 − R ) = 0.658 − 0.0759ln (1 − 0.98) = 0.955
With no specific information given to indicate otherwise, assume Ko = KB = KT = Cf = 1.
S Y / ( KT K R )
Eq. (14-41): SF = t N
σ
65 000(0.95) / [(1)(0.955)]
= = 64.0 Ans.
1010
Tooth wear
1/ 2
K C
Eq. (14-16): σ c = C p W t Ko Kv Ks m f
dPF I
1/ 2
1.42 1
= 2300 180(1)(1.18)(1.17)
5(4.2) 0.107
= 28 800 psi
Since gear B is a pinion, CH is not used in Eq. (14-42) (see p. 753), where
S Z / ( KT K R )
SH = c N
σc
225 000(0.88) / [(1)(0.955)]
= = 7.28 Ans
28 800
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