What is Set of Books ? What are the four conditions when you change your SOBs?

Chart of Accounts

Currency

Calendar

It is similar to the bank passbook, used to record all the financial transactions. There could be
one primary set of books and many reporting set of books. Defining COA, currency and calendar
are pre-requisite to define the SOB.

What is an Invoice? How many types of invoices ar...

There are 9 types of Invoices in AP: Standard, Credit Memo, Debit Memo, Prepayment,
Withholding Tax, Mixed Invoice, Expense Report, PO default and Quick Match.

There are 6 types of Invoice in AR : Invoice, Credit Memo, Debit Memo, Charge back, Deposit
and Guarantee.

What is the difference between data conversion and data migration?

Data Migration is upgrading from one version to another version fro e.g. from 11.5.9 to 11.5.10..
Data Conversion is receiving data from a legacy system or receiving data from another module
( e.g. PA), validating it and converting it to ur our the target module using the standard import
program.

Set ups need to approve invoice in AP?

For approving an invoice in AP we have to raise one invoice for raising an invoice we have some
mandatory fields like supplier, supplier number, Payment terms, distribution sets, date, payment
method, bank, payment document etc. After defining all the above we can raise a invoice,
There's no need of defining the approval group it s not a mandatory,

What is a profile option? What are the types?

The profile options are available to every product in Oracle Applications. For each profile option,
we give a brief overview of how Oracle Application Object Library uses the profile's setting.

1) User Level
2) Responsibility Level

3) Application Level

4) Site Level.

What are _ALL tables in Oracle Apps?

_ALL tables in oracle applications give the info about multiple organizations info about these
tables.

What is descriptive flex field and what is the use?

Descriptive Flex fields r used to add additional information, and these values r stored to the
column attributes. Go to sysadmin application-flex fields-descriptive-segments.

What is a Flex Field? What are Descriptive and Key flex fields?

A flexfield is made up of sub-fields or segments.. A flexfield appers on ur form as a pop-up

window that contains a prompt for each segment. Each segment has a name and a set of valid
values..

Two types of Flex field..

Key Flex field: Key flex field are flexible enough to let any organization use the code scheme they
want without programming.Key flex field can be used to represent codes that is made up of
meaningful segment to identify GL a/c Part no. and other business entities..Oracle app store
these codes in key flex fields..

Descriptive Flex field: They provide customizable "expansion space" on ur forms. You can use
descriptive flex fields to tract additional information important and unique to ur business that
would not otherwise be captured by the form.

What Credit memo / Debit Memo?

Credit and Debit Memo are used for adjusting the suppliers balance and both is a negative
amount. Debit Memo is created by you and send to the supplier and credit memo is received
from the supplier and record it.

What is a request Sets? how to create a request Set?

Request set is a group of requests.It is made to perform the request in a certain

sequence.Request set can be created from System administrator responsibility.

What are the types of Concurrent Managers?

There are many concurrent managers, each monitoring the flow within each apps area.

but there are 3 MASTER CONCURRENT MANAGERS:

1. Internal Concurrent Manager (ICM): This is the one which monitors all other CM's

2. Standard Manager (SM) : This takes care of report running and batch jobs

3. Conflict Resolution Manager (CRM): checks concurrent program definitions for incompatability
checks.

We cannot delete a concurrent manager... but we can disable it... but it's not recommended.

What is Multiple Organization technical architecture?

Multi Organization :

Using a single installation of any oracle application product , to support any number of an
organization even it has different Set Of Books Business Level(It Secures Human Transaction
Information) Set Of Books(It secures all Transaction Information In Oracle (General Ledger) Legal
Entry(All legal Information in the Organization) Operating Unit(It Uses Order management, Cash
management,AR,AP...it may be Sales Office , Division,Department) Inventory
Organization(Inventory Details)

before multi-org existed, we could have only one business group,set of books, legal entity,
operating unit in one installation of oracle E-business suite, and now with the multi-organization
structure in place, we can have multiple business groups, set of books, legal entity and operating
unit and the best part is once these are set up inter company accounting is automatically taken
care of, say for example i have Two inventory organization, and these use a common set of
books(to start with) , now if we have sales order on one inventory organization A1 and if that
item is not available in A1, and we have inventory for the item in Inventory org A2, we need to
take the order in A1 as internal order and run the order import concurrent program and for the
item in inventory A1(org assignment) we need to set up the source(purchase tab) as inventory
organization A2,and also specify shipping network between A1 and A2, and once we have run
the order import program and Oracle applications now imports the order to organization A2,
with the ship to address as A1 location. and after you perform pick release and pick confirm
process, and run auto invoice in A2, it automatically sends invoice to inventory organization A1
and now we can receive the item in Inventory organization A1 from organization A2.

and all transactions are taken care of, courtesy multi organization structure.

What are different period types ?

Year Quarter Month Week

What are the different types of files used in SQL Loader?

Different types of files are Data File,Control File,Discard File,Bad file

What is Oracle Financials?

Oracle Financials products provide organizations with solutions to a wide range of long- and
short-term accounting system issues. Regardless of the size of the business, Oracle Financials can
meet accounting management demands with:

Oracle Assets: Ensures that an organization's property and equipment investment is accurate
and that the correct asset tax accounting strategies are chosen.

Oracle General Ledger: Offers a complete solution to journal entry, budgeting, allocations,
consolidation, and financial reporting needs.

Oracle Inventory: Helps an organization make better inventory decisions by minimizing stock and
maximizing cash flow.

Oracle Order Entry: Provides organizations with a sophisticated order entry system for managing
customer commitments.
Oracle Payables: Lets an organization process more invoices with fewer staff members and
tighter controls. Helps save money through maximum discounts, bank float, and prevention of
duplicate payment.

Oracle Personnel: Improves the management of employee- related issues by retaining and
making available every form of personnel data.

Oracle Purchasing: Improves buying power, helps negotiate bigger discounts, eliminates paper
flow, increases financial controls, and increases productivity.

Oracle Receivables:. Improves cash flow by letting an organization process more payments faster,
without off-line research. Helps correctly account for cash, reduce outstanding receivables, and
improve collection effectiveness.

Oracle Revenue Accounting: Gives an organization timely and accurate revenue and flexible
commissions reporting.

Oracle Sales Analysis: Allows for better forecasting, planning. and reporting of sales information.

What is the difference between Fields and Flex Fields?

A field is a position on a form that one uses to enter, view, update, or delete information. A field
prompt describes each field by telling what kind of information appears in the field, or
alternatively, what kind of information should be entered in the field.

A flex field is an Oracle Applications field made up of segments. Each segment has an assigned
name and a set of valid values. Oracle Applications uses flex fields to capture information about
your organization. There are two types of flex fields: key flex fields and descriptive flex fields.

Difference between Conversions and Interfaces?

Conversion is to bring the data from other (non-Ora Apps) system to Oracle-Application system.
This is one time activity (bring account details, transactions, orders, receipts and so on. So
conversion itself is a project.

Interfaces are Concurrent Programs/Program sets (pl/sql, pro*C, unix scripts, executables) .
Interfaces are basically of two types (Oracle supplied (vanila programs eg: Auto invoice in AR)
and created by developer).

Hope this clarifies the concepts.

Conversion means one time activity interface means periodic activity.

example:- to transfer the data old version to new version it is called conversion to transfer the
data from staging table to interface table it is called interface , it is process on every day or every
hour ........

Which module is not a multi org?

General Ledger and CRM Foundation Modules

What are the types of Concurrent Managers?Can we delete a Concurrent Manager?

There are many concurrent managers, each monitoring the flow within each apps area.

but there are 3 MASTER CONCURRENT MANAGERS:

1. Internal Concurent Manager (ICM): This is the one which monitors all other CMs

2. Standard Manager (SM) : This takes care of report running and batch jobs

3. Conflict Resolution Manager (CRM): checks concurrent program definitions for incompatability
checks.

We cannot delete a concurrent manager... but we can disable it... but it's not recommended.

Trading community Architecture(TCA)

ICA (Internet Computing Architecture)

What are AP setup steps ?

setup---->suppliers....>invoices..>payments.....>reports......>periods.....>transfer to GL

What does US mean in appl_top/au/11.5.0/reports/US?

US is the language directory specifying that the source files to be placed under this dir is for
English/American Language.

This is the standard of apps directory structure that for very language you implement oracle apps
there should be a language specific folder

What are SQL CODE and SQL ERRM and why are they important for PL/SQL developers?

SQL CODE returns the value of the error number for the last error encountered. The SQLERRM
returns the actual error message for the last error encountered. They can be used in exception
handling to report, or, store in an error log table, the error that occurred in the code. These are
especially useful for the WHEN OTHERS exception.

What are the Back ground processes in Oracle and what are they?

There are basically 9 Processes.They do the house keeping activities for the Oracle and are
common in any system.The various background processes in oracle are:

a) Data Base Writer(DBWR) :: Data Base Writer Writes Modified blocks from Database buffer
cache to Data Files.This is required since the data is not written whenever a transaction is
committed.

b) LogWriter(LGWR) :: Log Writer writes the redo log entries to disk. Redo Log data is generated
in redo log buffer of SGA. As transaction commits and log buffer fills, LGWR writes log entries
into a online redo log file.

c) System Monitor(SMON) :: The System Monitor performs instance recovery at instance start
up.This is useful for recovery from system failure.
d) Process Monitor(PMON) :: The Process Monitor peforms process recovery when user Process
fails. Pmon Clears and Frees resources that process was using.

e) CheckPoint(CKPT) :: At Specified times, all modified database buffers in SGA are written to
data files by DBWR at Checkpoints and Updating all data files and control files of database to
indicate the most recent checkpoint.

f) Archieves(ARCH) :: The Archiver copies online redo log files to archival storal when they are
busy.

g) Recoveror(RECO) :: The Recoveror is used to resolve the distributed transaction in network.

h) Dispatcher (Dnnn) :: The Dispatcher is useful in Multi Threaded Architecture.

i) Lckn :: We can have upto 10 lock processes for inter instance locking in parallel sql.

How many types of Sql Statements are there in Oracle?

There are basically 6 types of sql statments.They are

a) Data Definition Language(DDL) :: The DDL statments define and maintain objects and drop
objects.

b) Data Manipulation Language(DML) :: The DML statements manipulate database data.

c) Transaction Control Statements :: Manage change by DML

d) Session Control :: Used to control the properties of current session enabling and disabling
roles and changing .e.g, Alter Statements,Set Role
e) System Control Statements :: Change Properties of Oracle Instance .e.g, Alter System.

f) Embedded Sql :: Incorporate DDL, DML and T.C.S in Programming Language.e.g, Using the Sql
Statements in languages such as 'C', Open,Fetch, execute and close

What is a Transaction in Oracle?

A transaction is a Logical unit of work that compromises one or more SQL Statements executed
by a single User. According to ANSI, a transaction begins with first executable statement and
ends when it is explicitly committed or rolled back.

Key Words Used in Oracle?

The Key words that are used in Oracle are ::

a) Commiting :: A transaction is said to be commited when the transaction makes permanent

changes resulting from the SQL statements.

b) Rollback :: A transaction that retracts any of the changes resulting from SQL statements in
Transaction.

c) SavePoint :: For long transactions that contain many SQL statements, intermediate markers or
savepoints are declared. Savepoints can be used to divide a transactino into smaller points.

d) Rolling Forward :: Process of applying redo log during recovery is called rolling forward.

e) Cursor :: A cursor is a handle ( name or a pointer) for the memory associated with a specific
stament. A cursor is basically an area allocated by Oracle for executing the Sql Statement. Oracle
uses an implicit cursor statement for Single row query and Uses Explcit cursor for a multi row
query.
f) System Global Area(SGA) :: The SGA is a shared memory region allocated by the Oracle that
contains Data and control information for one Oracle Instance.It consists of Database Buffer
Cache and Redo log Buffer.

g) Program Global Area (PGA) :: The PGA is a memory buffer that contains data and control
information for server process.

g) Database Buffer Cache :: Database Buffer of SGA stores the most recently used blocks of
database data.The set of database buffers in an instance is called Database Buffer Cache.

h) Redo log Buffer :: Redo log Buffer of SGA stores all the redo log entries.

i) Redo Log Files :: Redo log files are set of files that protect altered database data in memory
that has not been written to Data Files. They are basically used for backup when a database
crashes.

j) Process :: A Process is a 'thread of control' or mechansim in Operating System that executes

series of steps.

What are Procedure,functions and Packages?

* Procedures and functions consist of set of PL/SQL statements that are grouped together as a
unit to solve a specific problem or perform set of related tasks.

* Procedures do not Return values while Functions return one One Value

*Packages :: Packages Provide a method of encapsulating and storing related procedures,

functions, variables and other Package Contents

What are Database Triggers and Stored Procedures?

Database Triggers :: Database Triggers are Procedures that are automatically executed as a result
of insert in, update to, or delete from table. Database triggers have the values old and new to
denote the old value in the table before it is deleted and the new indicated the new value that
will be used. DT are useful for implementing complex business rules which cannot be enforced
using the integrity rules.We can have the trigger as Before trigger or After Trigger and at
Statement or Row level.

e.g:: operations insert,update ,delete 3

before ,after 3*2 A total of 6 combinations

At statement level(once for the trigger) or row level( for every execution ) 6 * 2 A total of 12.

Thus a total of 12 combinations are there and the restriction of usage of 12 triggers has been
lifted from Oracle 7.3 Onwards.

Stored Procedures :: Stored Procedures are Procedures that are stored in Compiled form in the
database.The advantage of using the stored procedures is that many users can use the same
procedure in compiled and ready to use format.

How many Integrity Rules are there and what are they?

There are Three Integrity Rules. They are as follows ::

a) Entity Integrity Rule :: The Entity Integrity Rule enforces that the Primary key cannot be Null

b) Foreign Key Integrity Rule :: The FKIR denotes that the relationship between the foreign key
and the primary key has to be enforced.When there is data in Child Tables the Master tables
cannot be deleted.

c) Business Integrity Rules :: The Third Intigrity rule is about the complex business processes
which cannot be implemented by the above 2 rules.

What are the Various Master and Detail Relation ships?

The various Master and Detail Relationship are

a) Non Isolated :: The Master cannot be deleted when a child is existing

b) Isolated :: The Master can be deleted when the child is existing

c) Cascading :: The child gets deleted when the Master is deleted.

What are the Various Block Coordination Properties?

The various Block Coordination Properties are

a) Immediate

Default Setting. The Detail records are shown when the Master Record are shown.

b) Defferred with Auto Query

Oracle Forms defer fetching the detail records until the operator navigates to the detail block.

c) Defferred with No Auto Query

The operator must navigate to the detail block and explicitly execute a query

What are the Different Optimization Techniques?

The Various Optimization techniques are

a) Execute Plan :: we can see the plan of the query and change it accordingly based on the
indexes

b) Optimizer_hint ::

set_item_property('DeptBlock',OPTIMIZER_HINT,'FIRST_ROWS');

Select /*+ First_Rows */ Deptno,Dname,Loc,Rowid from dept

where (Deptno > 25)

c) Optimize_Sql ::

By setting the Optimize_Sql = No, Oracle Forms assigns a single cursor for all SQL statements.This
slow downs the processing because for evertime the SQL must be parsed whenever they are
executed.

f45run module = my_firstform userid = scott/tiger optimize_sql = No

d) Optimize_Tp ::

By setting the Optimize_Tp= No, Oracle Forms assigns seperate cursor only for each query
SELECT statement. All other SQL statements reuse the cursor.

f45run module = my_firstform userid = scott/tiger optimize_Tp = No

Restrict '&' in Sql*Plus

sql> set define off

This will restrict the use of '&' in the sql*plus for that particular session