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AMPLIFICATIONj ATTENUATION SELECTOR

ANational Semiconductor application

A TYPE TL081 opamp and same passive

components are sufficient to construct
a small amplifier whose amplification can
be varied between +1 and -1 with a poten-
tiometer-see the diagram.
The input signal is applied to both inputs
of the opamp: to the inverting input via CI
and R11 and to the non-inverfing input via
CI and PI- The amplification of the amplifier
is R2:R1=1. However, the level of the signal
at the +input is determined by the position
of the wiper of Pj. When the wiper is at the
centre of its travel, the two input signals can-
amplifier with unity gain.
The input impedance of the circuit is about
50 kQ. With a value of Cj as shown, the am-
plifier can handle frequencies from 30 Hz up~
wards.
The circuit requires apower supply of
±5-15 V and draws a current of only a few
mA. If such a supply is not available, it may
be produced from a single 10-30 V supply
,
as shown in the diagram. • 5 •.. 15V 10 •..30V
• +}-~--;---jr--{+ (I *
r

.
*ne text
cel each other, so that there is no output. IC,
When the wiper is at the 'high' end of the
potentiometer, the signal at the +input i5
•
largerthan thatat the invertinginputand this 5 ... 15V
is then available, amplified by 1, at the out- -)------"'''''------~
914098-11
put. When the wiper is at earth potential,
the opamp functions as anormal inverting

SLAVE MAINS ON-OFF CONTROL

by J. Ruffell

T HIS is an improved version of the slave

mains on-off control published in the
July 1990 issue of Elektor Electronics. The cir-
cuit has been substantially changed and of-
fers much better control of inductive loads.
The control switches mains-powered equip-
ment on and off simultaneously with a rnas-
ter urut. One particularly useful application
of the control is in audio racks where the sig-
nal sources (cassette deck, CD player, tape
recorder, tuner; etc.) are switched on and off
together with the power amplifier.
Theci.rcuitmonitors thecurrentconsumption
of the master unit (connected to K2) with the
aid of an optocoupler. Ie}_ When P1 is set to
maximum sensitivity (corresponding to the
highest resistance value), a few milliamperes
are sufficient for the control to switch on the

K' 1"1 5A3T

K2

'"'
..!,. ct oa ca
"v

~
'"' 4 x 1N5408
"v

Q
•
:S500W
D'
c"
~
'"
9V/166mA

..
,
•
K3

"v
..!,.
"v

914072·11 :S7.50W

ELEKTOR ELECTRONICS DECEMBER 1991

 SLAVE MAINS ON-OFF CONTROL. BI
slave(s), which are connected to K3. The max-
imum sensitivity will rarely be used, however,
since allowance should be made for leakage
and quiescent currents of the master unit.
When the current consum ption of the mas-
ter uni t exceeds the preset trigger level, the
transistor in leI starts to conduct, causing
the outputof oparnp JC, to golow. Consequently,
transistor Tl conducts and actuates the load
(the 'slave') via relay Rej.
After the master unit has been switched
off, C2 is charged via Rs. At a certain voltage
J
on C21 the comparator toggles and switches
off theslavevia Tl and Rel.1hishappens after
500 ms CI so.
The state of the contral is indicated by
two LEDs, one, °
51 as an on/off indicator
for the control proper, and another, D61 for
the on-off state of the slave, The maximum
loads at the master and slave outputs are
500 W and 750 W respectively,
Thecontrol isbestconstructed on theprinted
2 circuit board shown in Fig. 2. The rnains con-
nections to the board are made with three 3-
way peB terminal blocks. For safety reasons
theearth track on the boardshould bestrength-
ened by a ptece of copper wire of 2.5 rnmz
cross-secrional area or larger.
WARNING. Since the circuit carries danger-
aus voltages at e number of poi.nts, it is es-
sential that proper electrical insulation is ap-
plied. Never work on the circuit when the
mains is connected to it. Make sure that no
part of the circuit can be touched when it is
being adjusted or used. •

PARTS LIST
I Reststors.
RI = 120Q
R2,R5,RII=lOkQ
R3,RI0= I kQ
R4= 33 Q
R6= 68 kQ

10 Is~c~rel
R7 = 270kQ
R8, R9=47 kQ
RI2 =2,2 kQ
RI3=220Q, IW

~!tj1;~I~:
o
~~ C3
11----S-o=c:H R13 j.,o
Capacitors:
CI
C2
C3
C4
= 470 J.lF. 25
= 47 J.lF, 25 V
= 150 nF, 630 V
= 10 J.lF, 25 V
V

1
Semiconductors:
DI-D4 = IN5408
D5 =LED, red
D6 = LED, green
D7 = IN4148
BI = B4OCl500
Tl = BC327
JCI = CNY 17-2
JC2= LM74 I

MisceUaneous:
K I-K3 = 3-way PCB block, pitch 7.5 mm
FI = 6.3 A fuse with holder
K1
Tri = mains transformer 9 V. 160 mA sec.
Rel = SPST relay, 12 V, 330 Q. e.g.
Siemens V23127-B2-A201
ABS enclosure 190xIIOx74 mm, e.g.
,, Retex RG4

ELEKTOR ELECTRONICS DECEMBER 1991

 SLAVE MAINS ON-OFF CONTROL. m
slave(s), which are connected to K3. The max-
imumsensitivitywillrarelybeused,however,
since allowance should be made for leakage
and quiescent currents of the master unit.
When the currentconsumption of the mas-
ter unit exceeds the preset trigger level, the
transistor in ICt starts to conduct, causing
the output ofopamp IC2to go low.Consequently,
transistor Tt conducts and actuates the load
(the 'slave') via relay Rej.
After the master unit has been switched
off, C2 is charged via Rs. At a certain voltage
on C2, the comparator toggles and switches
off the slave via Ti and Re-. This happens after
500 ms or so.
The state of the control is indicated by
two LEDs, one, Ds, as an on/off indicator
for the control proper, and another, D6, for
the on-off state of the slave. The maximum
loads at the master and slave outputs are
500 Wand 750 W respectively.
The control isbest constructed on the printed
2 oircuit board shown in Fig. 2. The mains con-
nections to the board are made with three 3-
way PCB terminal blocks. For safety reasons
the earth track on the board should be strength-
ened by a piece of copper wire of 2.5 mm2
cross-sectional area or larger.
WARNING. Since the circuit carries danger-
ous voltages at a number of points, it is es-
sential that proper electrical insulation is ap-
plied. Never work on the circuit when the
mains is connected to it. Make sure that no
part of the circuit can be touched when it is
being adjusted or used. •

PARTS LIST
Resistors:
Rl =
120n
R2. R5. Rll = 10 kn
R3.RlO= 1 kQ
R4=33 n
R6=68 kQ
R7=270kn
Is~o,.rel R8, R9 =47 kQ
R12=2.2kn
R13 = 220 n.
1W

Capacitors:
Cl = 470 J.lF, 25 V
C2 = 47 J.lF. 25 V
C3 = 150 nF, 630 V
C4 = 10 J.lF, 25 V

Semiconductors:
Dl~D4 = IN5408
D5 =LED, red
D6 = LED, green
D7 = lN4148
BI = B4OCl500
Tl = BC327
ICI = CNY17-2
IC2=LM741

MisceUaneous:
KI-K3 = 3-way PCB block, pitch 7.5 mm
Fl = 6.3 A fuse with holder
Tri = mains transformer 9 V, 160 mA sec.
Rel = SPST relay, 12 V, 330 n, e.g.
Siemens V23127-B2-A201
ABS encIosure 190x1l0x74 mm, e.g.
RetexRG4

ELEKTOR ELECTRONICS DECEMBER 1991