USB

Logo - based Universal Serial Bus USB

date of production
Compaq, DEC, IBM, Intel, Microsoft,
Designer NEC and Nortel
Design History January 1996; since 20 years
[1]
date of production May 1996 Since
Port Serial , parallel port , game
port , theApple Desktop Bus , and PS /
Replace 2 connector
General specifications
2.5 m (6 ft 7 inches -16 feet 5 inches )
Length (By category)

 In mm 12 (type-A) [2]
 8.45 mm (type-B)

 6.8 mm (mini / micro)

Display  8.25 mm (type-C)

 In mm 4.5 (type-A) [2]

 7.26 mm (type-B)

 10.44 mm (type-B
SuperSpeed)

 1.8 - 3 mm (mini /
micro )
Height  2.4 mm (type-C)
Hot pluggable Yes
external Yes

 4 wires plus shield

 9 wires plus shield

cable (SuperSpeed)
  4: 1 power, 2 data, 1
ground
 5 (On-the-Go)

 9 (SuperSpeed)

 11 (Powered-B
SuperSpeed)

Years  24 (type-C)
Mosul Unique
Electrically
Signal V 5 DC

 0.5 A (USB 2.0)

 0.9 A (USB 3.0)

 5 A (BC 1.2)

The maximum  3 A (type-C)

electric current  Up to 5 A (PD)

Data
Data signal Packet data, defined by specifications
Display data todecide 1 bit
1.5, 12, 480, 5 000, 10,000 Mbit /
Rate decision(Bitrate) s(DEPENDING on by mode)
The maximum
number of devices 127
protocol Serial
Years Kharj (Pin out)

The type-A plug (left) and type-B plug (right)

Age 1 Pin V BUS (+5 V)

Age 2 Pin Data-

Age 3 Pin Data +
Age 4 Pin Ground
Bus
USB port logo

USB socket Class A

Many types of USB port

Universal Serial Bus or serial transmission in ( English : Universal Serial Bus) and
abbreviated to USB , a vector data communications certified and Energy of the kind installed and
filled ( in English : Plug and Play) allow you to attach most peripheral accessories and devices
associated with the computer to transfer information between them sequentially is this port
months Connecting data yet outlets.

It is a special serial port to deal with the devices have USB designed USB to allow and to deal
with external devices (terminals) through a special port and also to deal with any device (almost)
immediately connected to any computer (any computer has the ability to deal with the devices
linked Yu Drives) without the need to restart the computer, and includes other features to provide
convenient low - power devices consumption without the need for external sources of energy and
also allowing for a number of devices to connect to the computer without the need for definitions
factory that come with most external devices (terminals) and is the perfect solution for all devices
that operate the branching and the sequence and the USB port can run many private external
devices such as the computer mouse , keyboard , digitalAlkamirat, printers modern digital
devices. You may several USB printers connect to the same machine at the same
time. USB Lock programs can lock and stop the external memory work nonstop action peripheral
devices Alokhry.hat it is especially designed for computers [pc] but is used in most devices
these days , such as gaming devices and PDAs, according to statistics in 2004 , there are one
billion devices in the world.

Developed
Oversees the development of techniques organization USB Implementers Forum USB (USB
Implementers Forum) is an independent not-for - profit where many major technology
companies specialized in computers , smart phones and peripherals manufacturing shares.

Date
USB 1.0 made in November 1994 , when promoted by the company , Intel , Microsoft , Phelps
and company USRobotics where he intended main purpose of his presence to get rid of the links
on the PC as well as simplify dealing with external devices without the need to define the most
part with the system operating there were several of Nmozjat

 USB 0.7: B launched in November 1994.

 USB 0.8: launched by December 1994.
 9. USB 0: b launched in April 1995.
 USB 0. 99: launched by August 1995.
 USB 1. 0: launched by October 1995.
 USB 1.0: a free publication for January 1995.
 usb 2.0: B launched in 2000
 usb 3.0 : B launched in 2008
 usb 3.1 : B launched in 2013

And devoted to this form to transfer the modified Aldata:


 The first slow - speed and an average of 1.5 Mbit / s (Low-Speed ).
 The second full - speed and an average of 12 Mbit / s. (Full-Speed)

This model does not pay him prior to maturity and a few tools actually sold by the markets. 2.
USB 1.1: free him by publishing in September 1998 , which corresponds to the USB
1.0 is installed on the one hand and repeat the problems and often communicate with
the HUBs. A revised edition (Revision) and the older edition has taken more broadly.

USB 2.0 released by April 2000 and devoted her top and a maximum speed of 480 Mbit / s and
is called the High - Speed b (now called Hi-Speed). • Here were added amendments
to the specifications of the USBby engineering change notes: (ECN: Engineering Change
Notices) . • Most importantly , by the ECN is to enter in the specifications of the USB 2.0 legal
package available from the USB.org and have had several branches , including:

 : Mini-B Connector ECN released by October 2000 and specifications of the Mini-
B fills the pot or curb socket (plug and receptacle) and this does not confuse or
disturb the work of the Mini-B.
 : Errata as of December 2000 , a schedule of such mistakes and called for
January.
 Pull-up / Pull-down Resistors ECN grab or pull resistors: B launched in May. 2002.
  : Errata as of May 2002 agenda mis launched by May 2002.
 Interface Associations ECN connected to the unions ECN device: launched
by May 2003 , a measure or a new level depicts and describes the ECN and is considered
the interface or connected to multiple or multi - device combines with a single continued
 : Rounded Chamfer ECN launched by October 2003 , which is more acceptable
(counseled him) and is compatible with the changes the plug Mini-B and this result keeps
bonding or contact longer.
 : Unicode ECN launched by February 2005 and devoted to him encrypted strings
using the UTF-16LE.
 : Inter-Chip USB Supplement launched by March 2006.
 : On-The-Go Supplement 1.3 launched by December 2006. It is possible to make
it and put it between two tools of the USB ON-the-GO To communicate with each other
without Nbaeid between the USB host and life practical tool one of the USB is
representing the host of other tool.
 Battery Charging Specification 1.0 specification battery: released by March
2007 have been added to support the shipping specially (energy equipment with the USB
connectors caller) and charger computer(chargers (host and here we can represent
computer charger with USB and inadequate and reserve battery which allocates tools
pass stream 100 MA after that issue if the USB gadgets contacted dedicated computer or
charger is the highest current charger tool passes can be higher than 1.5 A.
 : Micro-USB Cables and Connectors Specification 1.01 b launched in April 2007.
 Link Power Management Addendum ECN management linking energy: launched
by July 2007 , and here was added the case of new energy among the possible situation
and the state of the pause and thetool this case does not require energy or consumption
decrease However switch or Alkahrababan possible situation
and the state of sleep the key to a more rapid conversion key among the possible situation
and the state of pause , which devotes a tool to sleep if they become ineffective or lazy.
 USB 3.0: was announced on November 17, 2008. [3] represents a promising future
open characteristics make it easier for developers gear inflict future products. It was
announced the first product from theUSB Type 3.0 in the January 5, 2010 in Las Vegas,
including two types of motherboards from ASUS and Gigabyte . [4] [5]

One of the advantages of this type that HP carrier "high - speed", with up to 5.0 Gbit / s. Allowing
data transfer rate of up to 400 megabytes per second. [6]
Host Controller
Computers that have the ability to host or sub - control devices

Subdivisions devices
Corridor connected to information devices can be divided into a comprehensive
hardware. These divisions determine how devices deal with the surrounding medium
and the driver is supposed to deal with theperipheral devices can be divided as
in the following table:

Class Alastkhaddm the description Examples

00h Device undefined

01h Interface Voice Alsot.krot audio amplifiers

Network card, modem,

02h Both Telecommunications
serial port

Devices to deal with

03h Interface Keyboard, mouse
humans

05h Interface Physical control Joystick

06h Interface Pictures Digital beam

07h Interface Printers l laser inkjet printers

08h Interface Storage devices Memory cards reader ,

09h Device USB hub High transfer speed

0Ah Interface communications

0Bh Interface Smart cards Smart Card Reader

0Dh Interface For safety

0Eh Interface Video Beams Web

0Fh Interface Healthcare

E0h Interface wireless Wi-Fi device , Bluetooth

EFh Both Miscellaneous Exchange devices

FEh Interface Specific applications Bridges infrared

Storage devices USB mass-storage

Or portable storage devices called flash is a good example of portable storage devices. Is
the USB plug many of the storage devices using a set of foundations, intended to magnetic and
optical storage devices ,but it has developed and evolved to include a variety of
devices , particularly flash devices replaced the flash drive as most computers capable of
dealing with the flash devices and the most important advantage enjoyed out of these
devices that they can be installed without having to open the computer and dealing
with the corridor directly and deal with external devices.
Dealing with foreign circles Human-interface devices (HIDs)
Control Panel and mouse often reach for USB through, but since most devices Alkmpiotrthoi PS
/ 2, leading to the tactful use PS / 2 in the process of communicating with the outside middle.

Compatibility
The devices for USB result in a small percentage of the hype
and the percentage of acceptable tolerance and reduce the percentage of non - compatibility
between different devices , despite the multiplicity of these devices are USB select a specific
number of peripheral devices connected to the device with this method is used to prevent
interference between devices
Cable
The maximum length of the link is 5 meters ie 16.5 feet main reason for this length is a delay that
is approximately equal to 1500 nanoseconds if he did not host the request of the USB during this
period , you losethe information sent in the USB 2.0 delay equal to 5.2 nanoseconds per this
means 5 meters Amtr is the maximum length in any case can lengthen the link until it reaches 50
meters , 160 feet If we use theclassification of the fifth or CAT5 cables to 10 km if we used optical
fiber

The internal parties

Parties ranging usb cable the interior between 2 and 4 and 5 wires

There are the first party and the fourth (red and black) and two suppliers of energy and often
Astkhaddma in shipping operations. Where flanking both sides (white and green) private
exchange of data .. The fifth party is a Slovan silver - colored tape surrounds a group parties
from within the outer cable sheath where up metal box (+) the box of metal (-) both parties
as an example to secure mobile phones the next shipment of excess computer

Pin Name Cable color Description

1 VCC Red + 5V

2 D- White Data -

3 D+ Green Data +

4 GND Black Ground




Ability
USB system provides some of the terminals needed the ability to work because we have said
some of this has a certain point where privacy owns No. 1 in the sockets effort given the average
value of about +5 Vof this effort is moving up to the value of 5.25 V in the case of Allahml and
decreases the amount of 4.75 V when the consumption of super - current values. We can virtually
secure stream of up to about 100 mAAstjer of the hole through the USB cable to the terminals. If
the value of consumption greater than 100 mA, the nutrition will be cut by fuse Mnsrh.nota now to
some privacy, some of USB peripherals You need anindependent foreign feed because they
consume more than the value that provides the socket of USB with a current so as to manage and
move the instruments for which either a continuous stream engines or engines
are stepping These devices require a relatively large stream so note the presence of cable
independent feed in printers and scanners that work on the ascension of USB. You are currently
some modern devices secure stream of up to about 500 MA which means that we can now
dispense extensively for more independent nutrition.

Comparison between FireWire and USB

FireWire or IEEE 1394 is the ascension of an external serial high - speed to
connect the equipment with computer supports interfaces and operating Plug & Play and hot
switch devices of any no need to restart thesystem to install or remove hardware, and is
designed to feed - connected devices developed at the beginning of Apple and supplied organs
by the train conductor arrived external equipment and undergone several improvements
and has become a standard and is now available in many personal
computers of modern PC there is a kind of competition between
Almsriyn USB and FireWire, especially after the issuanceof USB2 version , which approached
the high - speed transport , which was unique to the IEEE1394, the most important differences
between them :

 USB hub supports up to 127 devices, while IEEE 1394 only supports 63 devices,
the number of devices are using spreaders Hubs
 The USB port can be connected to provide the devices with stream Azami 500
mA when the voltage regulator 5 V ± 0.25V, while the IEEE 1394 can provide a much
larger up to 45 W usually hard unstructured completely
 Great speed transport on the IEEE 1394 electrode theoretically in another trader
about 400 Mb / s version and is thus faster than version 1.1 of the electrode USB 12 Mb
/ s, but a little slower than USB 2 480 Mb / s

However , is said to be the practical application shows that FireWire is still faster than USB2

 Connected devices can the FireWire communicate with each other without a host
computer as part of Maaarath ( for example , a printer and a scanner ), while not available
in USB was launched standardUSB GO recently as an addition to the USB standards to
achieve it, too IEEE 1394 can connect two computers with a cable only to prepare Asgari
 Each specific specification of cables , including Great lengths are allowed.