Republic of the Philippines

University of Southeastern Philippines

Tagum-Mabini Campus

BS AGRICULTURAL AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING

TENSILE STRENGTH OF DIFFERENT HOUSEHOLD MATERIALS

Proponents:
Deloso, Jucely Laurente
Maniclay, Jhonna Mae
Qiodet, April Rose
BSABE 1-A

ENGR. RONIE LUSARES

Instructor
Physics for Engineers

November 26, 2018

 ABSTRACT

An experiment was carried out to determine the tensile strength of three

(3) different household materials: garter, polyrope, and galvanized iron wire.
Tensile strength was evaluated using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM).
Polyrope was determined to have the highest tensile strength, followed in
decreasing order by galvanized iron wire and garter.

INTRODUCTION

The mechanical properties of common materials are extremely important

to their application. These mechanical properties encompass what might be
colloquially thought of as the strength of the material, though in reality strength is
too one-dimensional a word, since under different types of stress most materials
respond differently. As a result, the compressional, shear, bending, and tensional
strength of the material must all be examined separately. Each of these stresses
corresponds to a type of force application. Compression represents a pushing
force on the material, where the material fails perpendicular to the direction of
applied force. Tension is the opposite of compression, in that it corresponds to a
pulling force on the material. Shearing occurs when the failure is in the direction
parallel to the applied force, while bending occurs when the material is
subjected to a force that bends it. The strength of a given object in terms of
each of these forces can predict how the object will respond to different
situations and loads, and it is very essential to understand the limitations of a
material when using it to build structures or to perform another function that will
put it under stress.

The ultimate tensile strength is a measure of how strongly or an object

holds together when subjected to a tensile force. Ultimate tensile strength is
mathematically defined by the formula
 𝑃𝑐
𝑇=
𝐴

where is the critical loading force under which the object fails catastrophically,
and is the cross-sectional area of the failure zone.

Moreover, a universal testing machine (UTM),is used to test the tensile

strength and compressive strength of materials. The "universal" part of the name
reflects that it can perform many standard tensile and compression tests on
materials, components, and structures.

In this experiment, the proponents tested three (3) different household

materials: garter, polyrope, and galvanized iron wire using the Universal Testing
Machine (UTM).

Objectives of the Study

The study aims to determine the tensile strength of the three different

materials: garter, polyrope, and galvanized iron wire using the Universal Testing

Machine (UTM).

Statement of the Problem

The researchers attempt to answer the following question:

1. What is the tensile strength of the three different materials: garter,

polyrope, and galvanized iron wire?

2. What material has the highest tensile strength?

3. What material has lowest tensile strength?

 METHODOLOGY

The materials that were tested were garter, polyrope, and galvanized iron
wire. Each material was measured for its thickness and area. Then, the sample
was loaded into the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) by using the hydraulic Grip
until it suffered a catastrophic failure. This catastrophic failure was defined as
being the total separation of the two halves of the material broken along the
score line.

UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE

 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Presented in this chapter are the results of the interpretation of the data
that was gathered and its discussion of the experiment.

Table 1.1 Raw data collected from the experiment.

Type of Material Type Size Cross-sectional Length Tensile Strength

(mm) Area (mm^2) (mm)

1. Garter Flat 0.75x2 1.5 17 0.088 kN/43

MPa

2. Polyrope Tubal 1 0.785 14.6 0.589kN/674

MPa

3. Galvanized Iron Wire Tubal 3 2.355 140 0.532kN/226

MPa

The table above shows that each of the different materials has different

tensile strength. The garter has a tensile strength of 0.088 kN or 43 MPa., the

polyrope has 0.589kN/674 MPa while the galvanized iron wire has a tensile

strength of 0.532kN/226 MPa.

 CONCLUSION

Given with the general findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. Different materials have different tensile strength. In this experiment. The

garter has a tensile strength of garter has a tensile strength of 0.088 kN or

43 MPa., the polyrope has 0.589kN/674 MPa while the galvanized iron wire

has a tensile strength of 0.532kN/226 MPa.

2. Polyrope have the highest tensile strength, followed in decreasing order

by galvanized iron wire and garter.