Where the Wild

Things Go
Trico Elementary School’s Wildlife
Garden

A Guide for Creating Your Own

Backyard Wildlife Habitat
Written by Mrs. Hepp’s Fourth
Grade Class
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 Where the Wild Things Go
Trico Elementary School’s Wildlife Garden

A Guide for Creating Your Own Backyard Wildlife Habitat

Please note: All student names have been removed for privacy and security.

Published by Trico Elementary School, Campbell Hill, Illinois 62916

Copyright © 2010 by Mrs. Hepp’s 4th Grade Class

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Before – The courtyard of the school definitely needs something!

~ Fourth Grade to the Rescue! ~

Mrs. Hepp’s students & Mrs. Tope are ready to break ground!

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Above: Mrs. Lodge, Mrs. Hepp, & Class Below: Ms. Speith, Mrs. Estel & Class

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 Haiku Poems

By Mrs. Morber’s Class

Singing

The flowers are there. Gardens

The rose was singing a song. Gardens are pretty.

The rows sing along! Mrs. Hepp’s class made a garden.

Name Removed for Privacy Gardens are awesome!
Name Removed for Privacy
Trees

Trees are very cool.

Gardens
A calm tree stands silently.
Gardens are pretty.
Trees are colorful.
They make homes look better.
Name Removed for Privacy
Gardens are dirty.
Gardens Name Removed for Privacy

Gardens are helpful.

Gardens are so delightful.

Rose
Gardens are awesome!
When I see a rose,
Name Removed for Privacy
I feel the need to touch it.

It is vivid – ouch!
Flowers
Name Removed for Privacy
People like flowers

Flowers are sweet and smell nice.

Do you like flowers?

Name Removed for Privacy
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

GARDENING PLANNING COMMITTEES...................................................................6

WHY WE CREATED OUR GARDEN.....................................................................7
HAIKU..........................................................................................................10
HOW TO CREATE A GARDEN............................................................................11
ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY GARDENING........................................................19
Water Conservation.................................................................................19
Weed Control...........................................................................................20
Managing Pests.......................................................................................20
The 5 R’s..................................................................................................23

HAIKU..........................................................................................................24
WILDLIFE GARDEN CERTIFICATIONS..................................................................25
HOW TO ATTRACT WILDLIFE TO THE GARDEN....................................................26
Butterflies................................................................................................26
Birds........................................................................................................28
Bees, Ladybugs, & Earthworms..............................................................28
Toads & Frogs.........................................................................................30
HOW TO ATTRACT PEOPLE TO THE GARDEN.......................................................31

GARDEN ART PHOTOS.....................................................................................32

THE FINAL RESULT........................................................................................41
THANK YOU!.................................................................................................45
INTERNET RESOURCES FOR GARDENING..............................................................47
GLOSSARY OF GARDENING & ENVIRONMENTAL TERMS........................................50
RESOURCES WE USED.....................................................................................52

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 Student Planning Committees

Garden Space Planning & Design Layout

Names Removed for Privacy

Plant Research & Shopping List

Names Removed for Privacy

Environmentally-Friendly Pest & Weed Control Research

Names Removed for Privacy

Artistic Garden Additions

Names Removed for Privacy

Tools, Supplies, & Budget Committee

Names Removed for Privacy

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 Creating Our Garden

By the Class

We thought it would be a good idea to have a garden area at our school. We

learned the skills needed to plant a garden. We learned a lot about plants, wildlife,

and the environment. Creating a garden gives us the chance to share what we

learned with others. Working on a project like this helped us bond with our

friends, while we learned to work together. The beautiful garden area also makes

our school look nicer. That’s why we worked so hard on this fun and educational

project.

To plant a garden, you use many of the skills that you learn in school. We

learned how to find area, perimeter, and volume in our math class. When we

planned and carried out our garden project, we had to use those skills to create our

planting beds. In math, we also learn to use money amounts in different situations.

To make sure we did not go over budget, we had to calculate how much money we

had, and keep track of how much we were spending. We also had to keep our

budget in mind when we were planning what we could buy. We put our reading

skills to good use when we did research to find out what kinds of plants would

grow well in our zone, and what kinds of wildlife we could try to attract. The extra

reading helped us learn lots of new vocabulary words. Our earth science unit

helped us understand soil and helped us decide how to make our soil better. What

9
we learned about life science helped us select plants to attract different species of

wildlife. We have also studied a lot in Social Studies about how to protect the

environment by reducing, reusing, recycling, rethinking, and rebuying. As we

planned our garden, we kept these “5R’s” in mind. The language and writing skills

that we have learned, allowed us to write this awesome book. While we made the

beautiful art pieces for the garden, we learned about design and mosaics, and were

able to be very creative. The garden project let us put all of our school subjects to

good use!

Because we wanted our garden to attract lots of different wildlife, we needed

to do a lot of research and learn many facts about plants, wildlife, and our local

environment. We learned that we are in agricultural zone 6a, so we researched

what plants would grow well here. We tried to use native plants as much as we

could. Native plants are those plants that have always been found in our area.

They did not come from another part of the United States or from another country.

As we researched, we gathered information about lots of different insects, birds,

toads and frogs, spiders, and reptiles that might eat and make their homes in the

garden. Our garden is designed to be safe for the environment, so we learned as

much as we could about environmentally friendly methods to keep out weeds and

garden pests. We improved our top soil by adding newspaper, cow manure, and

wood mulch, which is called the lasagna gardening method. A garden that is

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friendly to the environment uses water in the most efficient method. We learned

that using water cones to drip water to the roots, and covering the garden with a

thick layer of mulch would let us use less water. Our environmentally friendly

garden is a welcoming place for local wildlife.

We plan to share our garden with others. Our garden was designed to be a

peaceful, beautiful, place to learn about nature. Our class will take other grades on

tours to share what we learned about plants and wildlife. That way, they will get a

chance to learn about gardening. As we worked on this project, we were able to

share what we learned with others in our class, and learned to work in harmony as

teams. It was fun to share our gardening and art projects with each other, and we

will enjoy sharing what we made with others.

Our school belongs to all of us, so it is important that we take responsibility

for keeping it in good shape. We do this by keeping our classroom in nice

condition and doing community service around the school grounds to keep it clean.

Our garden improves the appearance of our school, so new kids may be motivated

to want to come to school here. The kids that are already here will have an area to

be proud of.

We have learned a lot from doing this project. We hope that after reading

this, you are inspired to make your own wildlife garden area at home!

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 Haiku Poems

By Mrs. Morber’s Class

Gardens

Gardens are graceful. Flowers

Gardens grow food and flowers. Flowers are splendid.
Gardens are pretty! Flowers help cheer up the day.
Name Removed for Privacy Do you like flowers?
Name Removed for Privacy

Flowers

I love the flowers. Flowers

They need rain and sunshine too. Flowers make me brag.

I love the flowers. They move back and forth and night.

Name Removed for Privacy Flowers are so neat!

Name Removed for Privacy

Gardens

Gardens are awesome! Flowers

They make tomatoes and squash. Flowers are pretty.

They are really great! Flowers are magnificent!

Name Removed for Privacy Do you have flowers?
Name Removed for Privacy

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 Before You Begin - How to Plan Your Garden

By: Name Removed for Privacy

It is a good idea to plan the size of your garden before you purchase plants

and other materials. First, you measure the perimeter so you can calculate the area.

To measure the perimeter you measure the outside of your garden area.

When you have done that, you are ready to calculate the area. You do

this by multiplying the length x width. You need to know the area

because it tells you how many plants will fit and the perimeter

tells you how much edging to buy.

You also need to know the volume in cubic feet (feet 3) or cubic (yards3).

You calculate it by doing length x width x height. It is important to know this

because if you do not, you might buy too much or not enough soil, compost, and

mulch. This is how you plan this part of your garden.

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Above: Recording information about plant heights, widths, and sun requirements

Above: Step One – Place the edging of the garden beds.

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 How to Start Your Garden
By Names Removed for Privacy

If you want to plant a new garden, you need the right tools

and supplies. You will need a hoe, shovel, tiller, hand trowel, rake

and all the seeds or plants that you are going to plant. You will also

need to buy topsoil and mulch.

You can make a lasagna garden if you do not want to till or remove the

grass. The lasagna way is to put down some old newspaper (5 to 7 layers) on top of

the grass to keep out the weeds. Then put some grass clippings and some aged

cow poop. The manure has to be a year old or it will burn

your plants. Then add topsoil, plant your plants, and then

add wood mulch. That is how you make a lasagna garden.

Below: We dug holes, and planted the bushes, annuals, and perennials in the
existing top soil.

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Below: We put thick (5 – 7) layers of wet newspaper down over the grass to keep
it from growing through the layers of the garden. The newspaper will break down
after about a year, and will help enrich the soil. Earthworms will also help eat it.

Below: Next comes the layer of cow manure…the “Poo Patrol” is ready for action!

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Right: After hauling MANY tubs of aged manure,
the gardens had a good thick layer that was about
four inches deep.

Left & Below: After we added about

four inches of shredded bark mulch to
the gardens, Ms. Speith’s class planted
some of the seedlings they started in
their classroom. We should have lots of
beautiful sunflowers by the time school
starts in the fall!

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Below: Planting sunflowers, daylilies, and cosmos

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 ….

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 Environmentally-Friendly Gardening
Water Conservation

It is important to conserve water, so you should plan your

garden wisely. You want to have a healthy garden without
using lots and lots of water. Here are some ideas for
conserving water.

• Choose plants that need little water to grow.

• Mulch will hold in a lot of water, and keeps moisture in the soil.

• You can put water in a two liter bottle and use a water drip cone to let water
drip right to the roots.

• If you use sprinklers, adjust them so only the garden is being watered. You
do not want to water the sidewalk, side of the house, or the
street.

• Plant in the fall when the weather is cooler and there is more
rainfall.

• Water your garden in the morning or evening when the

temperature is cooler. Then water won’t evaporate as fast.

• When you rinse fruits or vegetables, collect that water and reuse it to water
your plants.

• Water slowly so the water has time to soak into the garden instead of
running away.

• Before you water, check the root zone of your garden. Dig down two inches
with a spade or trowel. If the soil is moist, you do not need to water.

• Collect water from your roof to water your garden, or turn gutters toward
your garden.

• Water your plants very slowly so the water soaks deep into the soil. You
won’t have to water so often.

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 Organic Weed Control

By Names Removed for Privacy

Here are some environmentally friendly ways to control weeds, so you do

not have to use harmful chemicals. These are very good

ways to keep your garden from having weeds. You need

to have a three inch layer of mulch. This keeps the weeds

from growing in the garden. Use organic vinegar (the strong 20% kind) to kill the

weeds. It is safe for the soil, but it will kill all plants, so be careful w here you put

it. Another way to have a weed free garden is to clip the top of the weed, go to the

stove and boil some hot water, and then pour the water over the weed. Your weed

problem will be gone. Thanks for reading this paragraph. We hope this helps your

weed problems.

Managing Garden Pests

By Names Removed for Privacy

You must be careful about what methods you use to control pests in the

garden. Here are some ways to control pests. If there is a body of water nearby,

but mosquito control dunks in it to keep mosquito eggs from turning into

mosquitoes there. If you have any of these pests – rabbits, shrews, deer, skunks,

gophers, mice, rats, chipmunks – you can buy garden repellents to keep them
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away. You can buy beetle trap bags to kill Japanese beetles that eat your plants.

There are also mole repellents that keep moles away, and are also safe for kids and

pets to be around.

There are also some organic sprays you can make. These

recipes came from this website:

www.no-dig-vegetablegarden.com.

Garlic Fire Spray

• 2-3 garlic bulbs

• 6 large or 12 small hot chili peppers (or 1-2 tablespoons of hot chili powder)

• 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil

• 3 squirts of liquid detergent (about 1 teaspoonful)

• 7 cups of water (Put 2-3 cups of water in the blender, then add the rest later.)

Put all of this in the blender and blend well. Then strain through muslin or a coffee

filter. Pour what you need into a spray bottle to use, and keep the rest in jars with

lids, well-labeled. Spray this on your plants. It is always a good idea to test it on a

plant first before spraying everything. If it does not affect the pests, make it a little

stronger. You will need to respray frequently, such as after a rain. Use it every few

days until the pests are gone, then about every week to ten days until any eggs on

the plants will have hatched out. Remember, this will also kill caterpillars,

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ladybugs, and bees, so only use it to rid your plants of harmful pests that

might kill the plants.

Herbal Insect Repellent

Gather leaves from tansy, lavender, and sage. These repel insects. Take an

ounce of leaves from each plant. Put the herbs in a 1 quart jar and fill it with

boiling water. Let it set until it cools. Or put the herbs in a jar of water and let it sit

in the sun outdoors. Drain the liquid and set the solution aside. Dissolve 1

teaspoon of soap flakes in 2 cups of water. Add 1/8 cup of the herb solution and

mix well. Coat all parts of your plant with this mixture to keep insects away.

Bug Juice

You can use bug juice to fight pests. Collect at least 1/2 cup of pest

insects and place them in an old blender with enough water to make a thick

solution. Blend on high and strain out the pulp with cheesecloth or a fine sieve.

Dilute ¼ cup of bug juice to 1 cup of water and pour into a spray bottle. Spray this

on the plants. Some scientists think that pheromones from the blended insects send

a warning to their living relatives.

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 The 5 R’s
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Rethink, & Rebuy
Written by the whole class

We thought it was important to include the 5 R’s when we planned our

garden area. There are several different ways that we did this. The list below
describes how we reduced, reused, recycled, rethought, and
rebought.

• We recycled old flowerpots into toad abodes (houses).

• We reused stained glass scraps from Mrs. Tope’s glass

shop. Instead of throwing them away, we made
beautiful new art from them. (See photos on p.37)

• We recycled two liter soda bottles into water drippers for

the plants.

• We rebought recycled materials. Our water dripper cones

are made of recycled plastic.

• We reused old newspapers as mulch. The old newspapers

keep the weeds from growing, conserve water by holding moisture in the
soil, and will break down into earthworm food to improve our soil.

• We reused the cow manure as fertilizer for our gardens.

• The seating in our garden (two benches) is made of recycled milk jugs.

• The stepping stone mosaics are made of old, broken pottery and decorative
rock that was left from a construction site. (See Photos on p.32)

• The wood mulch is recycled from trees that were cut down and chipped into
small pieces.

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 Haiku Poems
By Mrs. Morber’s Class
Gardens
Gardens are pretty.
Cool gardens are really neat.
They are beautiful.
Name Removed for Privacy
Gardens
Gardens are great fun!
Plant and watch it growing fast.
Gardens are awesome!
Name Removed for Privacy
Colorful
I like pink flowers.
I like purple flowers, too.
They are colorful!
Name Removed for Privacy
Splendid
Flowers are splendid.
Flowers smell so amazing.
Do you like flowers?
Name Removed for Privacy
Iris
I grow irises.
I love to see them growing.
They are great to see!
Name Removed for Privacy
Gardens
There can be insects.
I like gardens very much.
They are very cool.
Name Removed for Privacy
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Our Wildlife Garden Certifications

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 Attracting Wildlife to Your Garden

Part of the fun of gardening is watching all the wild visitors it brings.

Butterflies, moths, ladybugs, bees, frogs, toads, lizards, turtles, and a variety of

birds love to visit the garden if it has what they like. Butterflies, moths, bees, and

hummingbirds are all helpful because they pollinate plants. Ladybugs, toads and

frogs, and salamanders and lizards keep the numbers of harmful pests down. Plus,

they are interesting to watch!

How to Attract Butterflies to Your Garden

By Names Removed for Privacy

Two types of plants should be included in a butterfly garden. Butterflies

need food from nectar plants. Caterpillars eat caterpillar food plants, called host

plants. Nectar plants and caterpillar food plants should be included in a butterfly

garden.

The location of the garden is very important. A sunny location where the

butterfly can stay warm is best. Provide shelter from the wind for butterflies by

planting lots of plants. Butterflies need both sun and shelter from wind.

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 Besides plants, there are a few other things that you can include in the

garden to attract butterflies. Butterfly feeders attract butterflies, and are easy to

make. All you need to make a butterfly

feeder is a few materials. Rotting fruit has

good minerals for butterflies, so butterflies

will be attracted to it. Some butterflies like

wet edges of mud puddles and sandy areas.

Make a mud puddle in a corner of the garden,

or fill a bowl with wet sand and sink it in the

ground. They get nutrients and minerals from

it.

…
Above, clockwise from
bottom left: cosmos for
nectar plants, swamp
milkweed for monarch host
plants and native mallow for
painted ladies host plants,
butterfly bush for nectar-rich
blooms and dill for black 30
swallowtail host plants
 Attracting Birds to Your Garden

By Names Removed for Privacy

You can attract many types of birds to your garden. If you like

hummingbirds, you can attract them by including red tube-, vase-, and

cone-shaped flowers. If you buy a bird bath, you can put water in it and

attract some other birds. Make the birds a house or shelter. Cardinals

like to get nesting material out of some gardens, if you

have the right material. Try to add bird feed. Try to buy flowers with

a lot of seeds, like a marigold, or sunflower, coneflower, or millet.

You can also add a bird feeder. If you put out different food, you will

attract different kinds of birds. This is how you bring birds to your garden.

Attracting Bees, Ladybugs, and Earthworms

By Names Removed for Privacy

Bees, ladybugs, and earthworms are helpful to gardens, too. Bees are

helpful to gardens because they pollinate and that helps make flowers produce new

seeds. If bees were not on earth, all the flowers would die. Flowers are needed

because they help make more oxygen. Bees also pollinate crops that we use for

food. You can attract bees by planting a lot of flowers that have a lot of pollen in

them. That is how bees are good for your garden.

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 Ladybugs are good for your garden because they eat the insects that hurt

plants. You can attract ladybugs by planting flowers and plants

close together because that helps make humidity.

Earthworms are good for your garden because they help the soil. They help

the soil by eating your dirt and pooping it out. It comes out of the worm better for

your plants than it was before. You can attract earthworms by having lots of plant

matter in your soil, and putting newspaper on top of the grass. If you put topsoil

on top of the newspaper, the paper breaks down and the worms will eat it. This is

how you attract bees, ladybugs, and earthworms!

Good News! Earthworms!

That’s a sign that they like our
soil.

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Below, left to right: Bees love the blooms of the anise hyssop plant. They also
love the blooms of the fuzzy lambs ear that will spread throughout the garden.

Inviting Toads & Frogs to Your Garden

By Names Removed for Privacy

Toads and frogs are good

for the garden. Toads and frogs are good because they

eat some of the pests that are predators to your plants.

They eat flies and insects that harm your garden. They
Above: Toad eat ants, slugs, crickets, beetles, and snails. They will
Abodes made by
Mrs. Hepp’s help you stop spending money on insect repellent. You
class, using old
recycled clay can attract them by using safe, organic fertilizers and
pots. Our first
toad looks right at
insect controls. You can attract toads and frogs by
home!
creating a nice habitat. The habitat needs to be in the

garden where lots of insects and flies live. Toads and

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 frogs both like shaded, moist areas. Adding water and

moist areas will bring them in. They like sheltered places

to hide during the day.

Right: Toad Town?

Frogville? No matter what
you call it, it really looks cute!
We’re ready for them to move
in!
Toad Town? Frogville?
No matter what you call it,
it really looks cute!

Attracting People to Your Garden

By Names Removed for Privacy

Now that you have a beautiful garden to attract wildlife, think about ways

you can make it inviting for people, too. Stepping stones are very beautiful and

they will invite people to step through your garden. The stain glass is so pretty they

will invite people too so they can get a closer look at your art. The sun will shine

on the garden so people will want some shade to relax. You can add some chairs or

benches so people can sit in the shade and relax while they look at the garden and

watch the wildlife. That is how we made our garden so beautiful!

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 Photos of Our Garden Art Projects

Mosaic Stepping Stones

Stepping stones are very easy to make. You can use them to walk on in your

garden, so you do not compact the soil. You can also place them in the garden for

artwork. The photos below show Mrs. Hepp’s class and Ms. Speith’s class

designing and making stepping stones. Our three extra helpers, Mr. Speith, Mrs.

Tope, and Mr. Martin are in the first picture. We really appreciate their help!

35
36
 .

37
The finished products are real
works of art. What creative
kids! These were made by
Ms. Speith’s class.

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Below: Stepping stones made by Mrs. Hepp’s students

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Stained Glass Mosaics

By Mrs. Hepp’s Class

Below: Artists at work!

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……

41
…..

42
 …..

…..

……

Below: The finished products…amazing!

43
 …

44
……… .

…...
45
 ….

The Final Results – Now we have a beautiful spot where we

can relax, observe, and enjoy the gardens.

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47
48
 The End? No, it’s probably just

the beginning…more to come next

year!

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 Thank You!
Our garden would not have been possible without the help of many people.

We would like to thank everyone below for the help and contributions that made

our garden a reality.

Mr. Ohlau – Thanks for giving us the okay to carry out this project and for letting

us use the school grounds. We have learned a lot through this project. Now we

have an area that can grow with our students and teach them so much about

ecology, recycling, and caring for the environment.

Mrs. Lodge – Thanks for coming up with the original idea to make a garden area

in the courtyard of the school. You have done so much to help our recycling

program through the years, which helped provide our recycled benches and helped

get funding for much of our garden project. We also appreciate the time you took

to shop for the plants we put out. Your suggestion for our garden name was so

popular that we adopted it!

Mrs. Tope – Thanks for all of your stained glass donations and the time you spent

helping us get ready for the mosaic pieces. Thanks also for helping us plant and

for giving us daylilies that we put in the garden area.

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 Thank You!
The Fisher Family – Thank you (and your cows) for donating the trailer-full of

aged cow manure. We appreciate you loading it, bringing the trailer, and picking it

back up. Our plants will be beautiful thanks to you!

Lisa Garver/Modern Woodmen – Your assistance with our funding has helped

so much. We would not have been able to do nearly as much without your help.

We really appreciate it!

Abbe Gally & Jackson County Health Department – Your involvement in our

school’s recycling efforts is what gave Mrs. Lodge the original idea to begin this

garden area…the great bench made of recycled milk jugs just needed a great home.

As we planned and carried out this garden, we kept the 5R’s (Reduce, Reuse,

Recycle, Rethink, Rebuy) in mind the whole time, and were as environmentally-

friendly as possible. You have helped us so much over the years, providing

recycling education and funding for our recycling projects!

Mr. Martin – Even though you are retired, you have been such a dedicated art

teacher to us. We appreciate the help you provided as Ms. Speith’s and Mrs.

Hepp’s classes made the mosaic garden stepping stones. Be sure to come back and

visit the garden now that it is finished!

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 Thank You!
Mr. Speith – Thank you for coming to school and helping our two classes work on

our stepping stones. Your time and help were very much appreciated. We hope

you will also come back to school to see the finished garden area.

Mr. Myers – Thank you for the wonderful squirrel sculpture. He will be perfectly

at home in our garden, and is such a nice piece of art to display with our plants!

Resources that You Might Find Helpful

By Names Removed for Privacy

We hope that our garden has inspired you to want to plant your own wildlife

garden. The information in our book will be helpful in getting you started, and

here are some more internet resources that will give you even more information.

Enjoy!

Internet Resources for Gardening

Butterfly Gardening
University of Minnesota - Creating a butterfly garden
www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/components/dg6711e.html

The butterfly site

www.thebutterflysite.com/gardening.shtml

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Lots of butterfly gardening articles
http://butterflywebsite.com/

How to attract butterflies

http://www.birds-n-garden.com/butterfly_gardening.html

How to attract butterflies

http://www.wikihow.com/Attract-Butterflies

List of plants that attract butterflies

http://www.floridata.com/lists/butterfly_plants.cfm

How to attract butterflies to your garden

http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/gardening/videos/5089279.html

How to get started on a butterfly garden

http://www.mygreathome.com/outdoors/garden_butterfly.htm

Gardening Ideas to Attract Birds

How to Attract Birds

www.howtoattractbirds.com

How to Attract Birds to Your Garden

www.allaboutbirds.org

How to Attract Birds to Your Garden

www.ehow.com/how_2304066_attract-birds-garden.html

How to Attract Birds

www.wikihow.com/Attract-Birds

How to Attract Birds in Your Garden

www.associatedcontent.com/article/159850/how_to_attract_birds_to_your_garden.
html?cat=32

Attracting Birds and Wildlife in Your Garden

www.avianweb.com/attractingwildlife.htm
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Designing a Bird Garden
www.helpfulgardener.com/design/2003/bird.html

How to Attract Wildlife to Your Garden

www.overthegardengate.net/wildlife/wild10.asp

Wings in Flight
http://www.wingsinflight.com/

How to Attract Birds

www.howtoattractbirds.com

How to Attract Birds to Your Garden

www.allaboutbirds.org

Why Birds are Good for a Garden

http://www.greeninformation.co.uk/garden/

How you Can Attract Wild Birds to Your Garden

http://www.a-home-for-wild-birds.com/

How to Get Birds to Come to Your Garden

http://www.ypte.org.uk/environmental/feeding-garden-birds/18

Beginning Gardeners

Gardening with Kids

www.gardeningwithkids.org

My First Garden
http://urbanext.illinois.edu/firstgarden/

54
 Garden Glossary
By: Names Removed for Privacy

annual- a plant that completes its entire life cycle within the space of the

year

area- a surface measured by multiplying the width x the length

beneficial- promoting or enhancing well-being

compost- a mixture of decaying vegetation and manure; used as a fertilizer

fertilizer- any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to

make soil more fertile

herbicide- a chemical agent that destroys plants or inhibits their growth

host plant- a plant that a caterpillar eats

manure- any animal or plant material used to fertilize land especially animal

excreta, usually with litter material

mulch- a protective covering of rotting vegetable spread to reduce

evaporation and soil erosion

nectar plant- butterflies and hummingbirds drink from it; bulbs have lots of

nectar

organic matter- any material or debris that is derived from plants

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perennial- a plant that grows from seed, developing a plant the first year,

and flowering and producing fruit and seeds each year thereafter

perimeter- the size of something as given by the distance around it

pesticide- a chemical used to kill pest and rodents and insects

pollen- the yellow, powdery grains in the center of a flower a plant’s sex

cells they are transferred to the female plant parts by means of wind or

animal pollinators to fertilize them and create seeds

pollinator- insects and animals that pollinate

puddling- several butterflies gathered in one place

rebuy- buying something made of recycled materials; to buy again

recycle- turn something into something else so it can be used again

reduce- to use less of something

rethink – thinking again about a choice previously made

reuse- use again after processing to avoid using a new one

soil- a mix of decayed organic matter, clay, silt, and sand

vermicompost – compost made from worm castings; used to improve soil

volume – the amount of material that a space can hold; length x width x

depth (height)

weed – a plant that is considered troublesome or useless and grows where it

is not wanted

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 Resources We Used to Write this Book

Bourgeois, P, & Wyatt, V. (1990). The Amazing dirt book. Toronto, CA: Addison -

Wesley Publishing Company.

Fizzell, J. (2002). Illinois gardener's guide . Nashville, TN: Cool Springs Press

Hawthorne, L. (2000). Perennials. New York, NY: Dorling Kindersly Publishing,

Inc.

Megan, M. (n.d.). Clean, green, and chemical free. Retrieved from www.no-dig-
vegetablegarden.com
Moreno, P. (2009, June). Border Patrol. Organic Gardening, 56(5), 48-51

Rodale, R. (1999). Wild bees in the organic garden. Emmaus, PA: Rodale Books,

Inc.

Stokes, D, & Stokes, L. (1991). The Butterfly Book. Boston, MA: Little, Brown

and Company.

Toads in the Garden: How to Attract Toads, Retrieved from

www.gardeningknowhow.com/gardening-how-to/how-to-attract-toads.htm

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