Lab Session: 05

Problem Statement:
For the balcony truss shown in figure below, determine the deflection of each joint, stress in each element and
reaction forces. All members are made from douglas-fir wood with a modulus of elasticity of E= 1.90*10^6 lb/in2
and a cross-section area of 8in2. Determine all the unknowns.

Given Data:
modulus of elasticity=E=1.90*10^6 lb/in2

Poisson ratio=0.3

Discretization:
Divided the given truss into 5 links elements.

Basic Steps in FEA:

There are three basic steps in FEA

i. Pre-Processing

ii. Solution

iii. Post-Processing
Procedure:
Opened ansys on desktop computer and enter the Job name.
Started the problem by selecting structural in preferences menu.

Pre-Processing:

i. Defined element type by clicking Add/Edit/Delete-Add-link,3D finit stn 180 .

Added cross sectional area for real constant set numbers.

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 ii. Selected the material and added the exponential and poison ratio values.

iii. Selected the option Modeling-Create Nodes-In Active Cs- Node Number 1-Location in active Cs X=0,
Y=0, Apply (First Node is Created) similarly repeat the Procedure for Node 2 as X=36, Y=0, for node
3 as X=0, Y=36, for node 4 as X=36, Y=36 and for node 5 as X=72, Y=36.

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 iv. Picked nodes Modeling- Create-Elements- Auto Numbered-Thru Nodes-Pick Node 1 and 2 .(Element
1 is created).repeat the proceedings for 2nd and third element.

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 Repeat the same procedure for element 2, 3, 4 and 5.

v. Plotted size and shape of the elements.

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 After plotting it comes out like this.

vi. Applied loads on fixed ends by controlling their degree of freedom.

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 vii. Applied the force and moment values on concerned nodes-Force moment Value-500(-ve value).

Solution:

The solution was displayed on the screen as the following.

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Post-processing:

Deformation in the truss was displayed in the following way.

i. Displacement in x, y and z direction was displayed on each Node.

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 ii. Stresses displayed for each element were following.

Results of reaction calculation were being displayed like.

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 Animated the bar problem through plot-ctrls>animate >deformed results.

iii. x stress selection was displayed by the Element table-Define table-add-user label for item “Axstress”-
By sequence number-LS-LS 1- ok- closed.

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 Axial stresses were displayed like.

iv. Element tables were displayed through Plot Element table-Select “Axstress”-ok.

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 v. Graphical visualization of deflection were displayed like.

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Results for Joint deformation:

Node# Deformation in Deformation in Deformation Deformation

Ux (in) Uy (in) in Uz (in) vector sum (in)
1 0 0 0 0
2 -0.355*10^-2 -0.1025*10^-1 0 0.1085*10^-1
3 0 0 0 0
4 0.1184*10^-2 -0.1143 *10^-1 0 0.1149 *10^-1
5 0.236810^-2 -0.1952 *10^-1 0 0.1966 *10^-1

Results for Support Reactions:

Node Fx (lb) Fy (lb) Fz (lb)
No
1 1500 0 0
2 0 0 0
3 -1500 1000 0
4 0 0 0
5 0 0 0

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Results for Stress in each member of truss:

Element No Stress along X Stress along Y Stress along Z

(lb/in2) (lb/in2) (lb/in2)
1 -187.58 0 0

2 176.78 0 0

3 -62.500 0 0

4 62.500 0 0

5 62.500 0 0

6 -88.388 0 0

Comments:
 Develop understanding about Ansys and how to use it for the calculation of Joint deformation.
 Understanding about calculating Stress in each member of truss and support reactions.
 While choosing the X and Y part of stress it showed stress on various points separately.

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