LEXAL

Consumables
for welding
duplex steels.
 The SAF answer
LEXAL
to welding duplex steels.
Duplex steels are easy to weld
P/5003

provided that certain metallurgical

rules are observed.
The specific combination
of a welding heat cycle
and a chemical analysis
of the deposited metal
is what produces a duplex
deposited metal.

METALLURGY OF THE WELD INFLUENCE

A duplex steel solidifies resistance and excellent OF THE WELDING
in the ferrite phase (α) following mechanical properties. HEAT CYCLE
which some of the ferrite (α) This is why the consumable In combination with a specific
is converted to austenite (γ). products are usually enriched analysis of the molten metal,
Although the chemical analysis with elements favouring the welding heat input
is identical to that of the base the austenitic phase (Ni, N2). must be high enough to obtain
metal, the welding heat cycle sufficient conversion of ferrite (α)
is too quick to enable to austenite (γ). However,
sufficient austenite (γ) to form the chemical analysis of duplex
with its attendant corrosion and super duplex steels
including various elements
DIAGRAM WRC 92 which tend to form unwanted
phases, including nitrides,
18 intermetallic phases,
A-F F-A
Austénite FN 6 10 18 22 26 30
17 0 2 4 8 12
14
16 20 24 28 35 etc if the welding heat input
Nieq = Ni + 35C + 20N + 0.25Cu

40 45 is too high. This imposes

16 % 0 2 50
55 an appropriate range of heat
6
15 4 10
60 input, which, given the chemical
65
8 14 70 balance of our range,
14 18
12
16
75
80
is as great as possible.
13 20 25 85 The applicable range
90
35
LEXAL*
95
can run from 8 to 22 kJ/cm.
12 30
100
40 48
11
55 60
10
63 Ferrite
9
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Creq = Cr + Mo + 0.7Nb

EXAMPLES OF PROCESS APPLICATIONS

Applications Process
first pass on tube TIG
filler passes on tube TIG-MIG-coated electrode
plate coated electrode - submerged arc
hardsurfacing-repair coated electrodes
 THE ADVANTAGES
OF DUPLEX STEELS
DUPLEX steels are being used more and more in industrial sectors such as
petroleum production, chemicals, petrochemicals, and energy supply and are
beginning to make inroads into the construction and agriculture/foodstuffs
industries. Their success is due to the combination of good corrosion resistance
and high mechanical specifications.

METALLURGY CORROSION PHYSICAL

OF DUPLEX AND SUPER
DUPLEX STEELS
The term "duplex" comes from
the microstructure of this steel,
which is made up of two phases :
ferrite and austenite,
in proportions by volume
of close to 50/50 %.
This equilibrium is obtained
by analysis of the steel.
The corrosion resistance
characteristics and mechanical
properties are closely related
to this equilibrium of the ferrite (α)
and austenite (γ) phases
and to the chemical analysis :
• Chromium (22% - 25%),
Molybdenum (0-4%)
Silicon
favour the ferrite phase (α),
• Nickel (6% - 8%),
Nitrogen (0.10% - 0.25%)
Copper (0 - 0.2%)
favour the austenite phase (γ).
RESISTANCE
As well as their high resistance
to generalized corrosion,
these steels are frequently
used to solve the problem
of pitting corrosion.
Their resistance to pitting
corrosion is given
by their Pitting Resistance
Equivalent Number
PREN = % Cr + 3.3% Mo
+ 16% N.
The higher the PREN,
the greater the resistance
to corrosion.
The distinction between duplex
and super duplex steels lies
in their PREN :
DUPLEX : PREN = 25 - 40
SUPER DUPLEX : PREN > 40.
AND MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES
In the -50°C to +250°C
temperature range, duplex steels
have better characteristics
than standard stainless steels :
• high mechanical strength,
• low coefficient of thermal
expansion,
• higher thermal conductivity
than austenitic steel,
• ferromagnetic properties,
• resistance to fatigue
and corrosion fatigue.
 THE LEXAL RANGE FOR W
COATED FLUX CORED SUBMERGED ARC
ELECTRODES WIRE WIRE/FLUX COMBINATION
2570/35

2570/36

2570/30

1881/79
2570/07

1877/27
The electrode Flux cored wire The
coating with automatic slag SUBMERGED ARC
is a rutile-basic covering. removal and very good weld bead process is used
The core is homogeneous appearence with no requirement for automatic flat
(duplex steel), enabling of finition. downhand welding
the technical aspects Welding in all positions of thick plate
of the product to be taken including vertical down in high productivity
into account. Weldability is ideal for the type T 22.9.3 N applications.
for welding in all positions. and special bead appeareance The flux for use with
The molten metal has been of the filet in flat position a homogeneous DUPLEX wire
characterized by ASTM corrosion for the type TA 22.9.3 N. is a basic flux.
test G 48 A. Weld deposit satisfies to The molten metal passes
With SAFDRY version (SV) corrosion test G 48 A of ASTM. ASTM corrosion test G 48 A.
electrodes can be used For penetration runs,
without drying. we recommand ceramic PRODUCT NAME :
wire : LEXAL S 22.9.3 N
support KERASAF flux : LEXAL F 500
PRODUCT NAME : (see leaflet 1515-7606).
LEXAL E 22.9.3 N
LEXAL E 22.9.3 N SV STANDARDS :
LEXAL E 22.9.3 N HR SV PRODUCT NAME : wire : W. Nr 1-4462 AWS A 5.9 ER 2209
LEXAL T 22.9.3 N flux : DIN 32 522 BFB 6 64445 Ac 9K
COVERING TYPE : LEXAL TA 22.9.3 N
basic rutile MECHANICAL PROPERTIES :
TYPE : typical values for the wire/flux combination
flux cored wire with slag (A81 324)
STANDARDS : Ys 0,002 Uts E5d CVN - 50° C
NFA 81 343 DIN 8556 W. Nr AWS A 5.4*
Mpa Mpa % J
EZ 22 93 LR 26 E 2293 n CR 26 1-4462 E 22 09.16 STANDARDS :
W. Nr 710 820 26 60
1-4462
WELDING CURRENT :
alternating current Uo ≥ 60 V CHEMICAL ANALYSIS :
direct current +ve to l’électrode ASSOCIATED GAS : typical values on metal excluding dilution
Ar+CO2 (M21), ATAL 5A (A 81 324)
C Si Mn P S
WELDING POSITION : 0,014 0,5 1,6 0,020 0,010
all positions WELDING CURRENT :
flat and filet for HR version DC + to wire Ni Cr Mo N Ferrite % vol
8,1 22,8 3,2 0,16 45
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES : WELDING POSITION :
typical all welded values (A81 344) LEXAL T 22.9.3 N : all positions APPROVALS :
Ys Uts E5d CVN + 20° C CVN - 40° C LEXAL TA 22.9.3 N : special flat position DNV - LRS - GL
Mpa Mpa % J J
700 810 22 55 50 - 35 (HR) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES :
typical as welded values
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS : Ys Uts E5d CVN - 20° C
typical values on deposit (NF EN 266847) Mpa Mpa % J
C Si Mn P S 620 825 30 40
0,016 1 1,6 0,020 0,010
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS :
Ni Cr Mo N Ferrite % vol typical values (NFEN 26847)
9,5 22,8 3,2 0,16 40 C Si Mn P S
0,025 1 1,6 0,020 0,010
APPROVALS :
DNV - LRS - GL Ni Cr Mo N Ferrite % vol
9,2 22,7 3,0 0,16 35
* Due to certain differences
with the corresponding standard, APPROVALS :
the proposed classification does not have DNV - LRS - GL
any absolute nature.
WELDING DUPLEX STEELS
TIG FILLER MIG WIRE
METAL
1415/53

1415/08

1877/01
2570/21

1877/48
TIG filler products MIG filler can
are used also use a specific
in particular for first passes gas containing nitrogen.
on tubes. The nitrogen from the gas
The grades are usually compensates for the loss
homogeneous with the DUPLEX of nitrogen from the weld pool.
products to be welded. The molten metal passes
The molten metal passes ASTM ASTM corrosion test G 48 A.
corrosion test G 48 A.
A specific associated gas DESIGNATION :
(ARCAL 39) contains nitrogen, LEXAL G 22.9.3 N
which compensates for the loss
STANDARDS :
of nitrogen from the weld pool DIN 8556 W. Nr AWS A 5,9
can be used with this product. SG X 2Cr Ni Mo 23.9.3 1.44 62 ER 2209

DESIGNATION : ASSOCIATED GAS :

LEXAL W 22.9.3 N Ar + CO2 + H2 (M11), NOXALIC 12,
Ar + He + CO2 + N2, ARCAL 129
STANDARDS :
DIN 8556 W. Nr AWS A 5,9 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES :
SG X 2Cr Ni Mo 23.9.3 1.4462 ER 2209 typical all welded values (A81 314)
Ys 0,002 Uts E5d CVN + 20° C CVN - 50° C
ASSOCIATED GAS : Mpa Mpa % J J
Ar (I1), ARCAL 1, Ar + N2, ARCAL 39 670 810 22 95 65

WELDING POSITION : CHEMICAL ANALYSIS :

all positions typical values on deposit A 81 313/314
C Si Mn P S
0,02 0,5 1,5 0,010 0,010
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES :
typical values on metal excluding dilution Ni Cr Mo N Ferrite % vol
Ys 0,002 Uts E5d CVN + 20° C CVN - 50° C
8 22,7 3,2 0,17 35
Mpa Mpa % J J
700 810 34 210 180

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS :
typical values on deposit NFEN 26847
C Si Mn P S
0,015 0,5 1,6 0,010 0,010

Ni Cr Mo N Ferrite % vol
8,5 22,5 3,3 0,2 35

APPROVALS :
DNV (with ARCAL 39)
Ordering information Standard version SV version
Diameter mm Length mm mini vacuum packet
References Quantity of 1 kg
per packet in a carton.
PRODUCT References
Coated electrodes LEXAL E 22.9.3 N 2,5 300 1081-1600 210 1081-1610
3,2 350 1081-1601 145 1081-1611
4 350 1081-1602 80 1081-1612
LEXAL E 22.9.3 N HR 4 450 - - 1081-1606

PRODUCT Diameter mm Length mm Packaging Reference

Flux cored wire LEXAL TA 22.9.3 N 1,2 - BE* 12 kg (other packaging with demand) 1090-5200
LEXAL T 22.9.3 N 1,2 - BE* 12 kg (other packaging with demand) 1090-5201
Submerged LEXAL F 500 - - Sack : 25 kg 1096-1341
arc welding bonded flux
wire/flux combination LEXAL S 22.9.3 N 1,6 - BE* 15 kg 1095-2498
2,4 - GBE** 25 kg 1095-2500
3,2 - GBE** 25 kg 1095-2501

"SAF reserve the right to modify its products without prior notice. The information contained in this document is designed to help the user in this choice of product.
TIG filler metal LEXAL W 22.9.3 N 2 1000 Packet : 5 kg 1076-5200
2,4 1000 Packet : 5 kg 1076-5206
3,2 1000 Packet : 5 kg 1076-5207
MIG wire LEXAL G 22.9.3 N 1,0 - BE* 15 kg 1090-0263
1,2 - BE* 15 kg 1090-0264
Ceramic support KERASAF 07 - - 20 meter length 1090-4907
KERASAF 08 - - 20 meter length 1090-4908
KERASAF 09 - - 20 meter length 1090-4909
* Metallic spool K 300 type (with adaptator 1090-4556)
** Metallic spool K 415 type

SAF is certificated
by international organizations :
The German TÜV

The user should chek that the product chosen by him is suited to the application he envisages for it".
and the British Standards Institution (BSI),
under standards including
the European reference standard ISO 9002.
With regular audits of our procedures,
these organizations recognize
the consistent quality and reliability
of each and every electrode we ship.
These rigorous inspection
procedures are your guarantee
of consistent high quality
when you purchase SAF products.
S. Rosello et ELF

DISTRIBUTOR'S STAMP
Photos SAF : G. Rocskay
© SAF 1515-7501

SAF - 13, RUE D'EPLUCHES - SAINT-OUEN L'AUMÔNE

97 05 S 01 Ed. 2

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