EC410505

Project Management

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering
Indus University
 Project life cycle
 Organizational culture
 Management structures
 Functional and Projectized structures
 Project Matrices
The process the PM
follows during the
life of a project
There is a “need” Project life cycle connects
the beginning of the project
to the end
Project is “born”

Project life cycle

(4 phases)
Initiation

Closure Planning

Execution
 Project phases are carried out generally in sequence
 Sometimes the phases may overlap

 What work to do in each phase of the project

 When the deliverables are to be generated in each phase
 How each deliverable is reviewed, verified and validated
 Who is involved in each phase
 How to control and approve each phase
 Transition from one phase to the next involves technical
transfer or handoff
 Cost and staffing are low in initial phase and peak during
intermediate stage and then drop off rapidly at the end
 Request for Interest in Feasibility Proposal
Proposal Proposing Study Document

 Feasibility study may include a Prototype development

 Written in response to an RFP (Request For Proposal)
 Written to get approval and funds from the management
 Written as a Business Proposal
 Answers following questions
 Who is the proposer and who are the beneficiaries?
 Why is the project planned?
 What is expected to be achieved?
 Where will the project be carried out?
 When will be the project carried out?
 How will it be carried out?
 Title
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Scope
 Method
 Time
 Budget
 Work plan
 Milestones
 Outcome
a document that formally authorizes a project

Statement of Output
work

Business
case Organization Project
culture, Human Charter
Environment resource pool, PM
Inputs factors Information
System
Contract
Policies,
Organizational procedures,
Process standards,
guidelines
 Culture
 Communication
 Structures
 Matrix
 Assets
 Knowledge database
 An organization is a systematic arrangement of
departments and persons to achieve a purpose
 The culture and style of an organization affects how it
conducts the projects
 Culture is shaped by common experience of members
 Shared vision, mission, values, beliefs, and expectations
 Regulations, policies, methods and procedures
 Risk tolerance
 View of leadership, hierarchy and authority relationships
 Code of conduct, work ethics, and work hours
 Operating environment
Project success is highly Information communicated
dependent on effective
communication style of the  Vision and mission
organization  Tasks and schedules
Member  Requirements
Functional
Manager  Monitoring
Member
 Changes
CEO
Member
Project
Manager Member

Member
 Functional, Projectized and Matrix structured
 Affects the utilization of resources
Example: ISRO
 Process assets are plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases
These are for conducting project work and include
Executing, Monitoring and
Initiating and planning
controlling
 Guidelines and criteria for tailoring
 Change control procedures
standard processes and procedures  Financial control procedures
 Standards such as HR policy,  Issue and defect
Health and Safety policy, PM management procedures
 Organizational
policy, Quality policy communication procedures
 Risk control, approval, work
Closing authorization
 Closure guidelines
(lessons learned, final audit,
project evaluation, product
validation and acceptance criteria)
 Configuration knowledge base
 Financial database
 Historical information
 Issue and defect management database
 Process measurement database
 Project files of previous projects
 Conditions influencing project but not under the control of
project team
 Organizational culture, structure and governance
 Geographical distribution of facilities and resources
 Government /industry standards
 Infrastructure (existing facility and capital equipment)
 Existing human resources (skills, disciplines, and knowledge)
 Personnel administration
 Marketplace conditions
 Stakeholder risk tolerances
 Political climate
 Project management information system
 All members of project team and all interested entities
(internal/external to organization)
 Project Manager: Person responsible for managing the project
 Customer/User: All those who directly use the product or associated
with it
 Performing organization: Enterprise whose employees directly
involved in the project
 Project team members: Group working on the project
 Project management team: Members of the team involved in project
management
 Sponsor: Person or group providing financial resource
 Influencers: People not directly involved, but can influence positively
or negatively
 Project Management Office (PMO): Can have direct or indirect
responsibility for the outcome of the project
 Project life cycle is the process followed by the PM during the
life of a project
 PLC has 4 cycles; Initiation, planning, execution and closure
 PM knowledge areas are used in all phases of project in
different proportions
 Feasibility study is part of initiation and may involve
prototype development
 The outcome of initialization activities is documented in
project charter
 An organization comprises of departments and people and its
culture is shaped by the common experience of the people
 Organizational communication is the flow of various
information between different members
 An organization may be structured around projects,
functions or the mix of two in different ways
 Role of project manager and functional manager varies
depending on the structure of the organization, which in
turn, decides the strength of the matrix
 In a strong matrix organization a project manager from a
dedicated PMO manages the people from different
functional groups
 Organizational process assets are plans, processes, policies,
procedures, and knowledge bases used in different phases
 Stakeholders are the people who are directly or indirectly
involved and affect a project
 Enterprise environmental factors and stakeholders influence
a project
1. What is a project life cycle? What does it define at each phase of the
project?
2. What knowledge areas are required at each phase of project life
cycle?
3. What is covered in the initialization of a project and what is the
outcome?
4. What is an organization and what is meant by its culture?
5. What type of information is communicated in an organization?
6. What are the different structures used in an organization?
7. Which is the weak and which is the strong matrix?
8. Which are the organizational process assets?
9. What are the enterprise environmental factors affecting a project?
10. Who are the key stakeholders in a project?