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HEAT CALCULATIONS #2

Solve the following problems. Complete this assignment on a SEPARATE PIECE OF PAPER Show all your work.
Remember to include the correct units.

Substance Aluminum Copper Iron Lead Water

Specific heat (J/g x C°) 0.90 0.39 0.45 0.13 4.18


1. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 3.5 grams of water from 12°C to
35°C?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 3.5 g
ΔT = 23 C
C = 4.18 J/g x C
ΔQ = (3.5 g)(23 C)(4.18 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 336.5 J

2. How much heat is needed to heat 20 grams of lead from 20°C to 150°C?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 20 g
ΔT = 130 C
C = 0.13 J/g x C
ΔQ = (20 g)(130 C)(0.13 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 338 J

3. A 300-gram bar of aluminum has to be heated from 25°C to 75°C. How many Joules are
needed to achieve this temperature increase?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 300 g
ΔT = 50 C
C = 0.90 J/g x C
ΔQ = (300 g)(50 C)(0.90 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 13,500 J

4. If 100 grams of iron loses 770 Joules during a temperature drop, by how many Celsius
degrees does the temperature drop?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = 770 J
m = 100 g
ΔT = ? C
C = 0.45 J/g x C
770 J = (100 g)(? C)(0.45 J/g x C)
ΔT = 17.1 C

5. The temperature of a 100-gram piece of copper is reduced from 103°C to 3°C. How much
heat is lost?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 100 g
ΔT = 100 C
C = 0.39 J/g x C
ΔQ = (100 g)(100 C)(0.39 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 3900 J

6. If 150 grams of water at 30°C are mixed with 200 grams of water at 100°C. What is the final
temperature of the water?

The heat lost of the hot water will equal the heat gained of the cold water. So we set up
the equation as follows:
m x ΔT x C = m x ΔT x C
Hot H2O:
m = 200 g
T = 100 C
Cold H2O:
m = 150 g
T = 30 C

The equation is as follows (I leave out C because both substances are water and they
cancel each other out in the equation.
200g x (100 C – T) = 150 g x (T – 30 C)
Distribute:
20,000 – 200T = 150T – 4500
+ 200T + 200T
20,000 = 350T – 4500
+ 4500 = + 4500
24,500 = 350T
Final Temp = 70 C

7. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5.6 g of water from
15 oC to 47 oC?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 5.6 g
ΔT = 32 C
C = 4.18 J/g x C
ΔQ = (5.6 g)(10 C)(4.18 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 749.1 J

8. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 14.6 g of lead from
36 oC to 58 oC?
ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 14.6 g
ΔT = 22 C
C = 0.13 J/g x C
ΔQ = (14.6 g)(22 C)(0.13 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 41.8 J

9. Calculate the heat lost by 10 g of copper if it is cooled from 35oC to 21oC.

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 10 g
ΔT = 14 C
C = 0.39 J/g x C
ΔQ = (10 g)(14 C)(0.39 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 54.6 J

10. Suppose that 10 grams of a certain substance gained 67.5 Joules of heat when the temperature increased
from 70oC to 85oC. What would be the specific heat of the substance? What is the name of the substance?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = 67.5 J
m = 10 g
ΔT = 15 C
C = ? J/g x C
67.5 J = (10 g)(15 C)(? J/g x C)
C = 0.45 J/g x C

The substance is iron.

11. How much did the temperature increase if 6 g of iron is heated and release 124 Joules of heat?

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = 124 J
m=6g
ΔT = ? C
C = 0.45 J/g x C
124 J = (6 g)(? C)(0.45 J/g x C)
ΔT = 46 C

12. Which would require more heat energy --- raising the temperature of 100 grams of water from 40oC to
100oC or raising the temperature of 1000 grams of water from 80oC to 90oC? Show your calculations.

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 100 g
ΔT = 60 C
C = 4.18 J/g x C
ΔQ = (100 g)(60 C)(4.18 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 25,080 J

ΔQ = m x ΔT x C
ΔQ = ? J
m = 1000 g
ΔT = 10 C
C = 4.18 J/g x C
ΔQ = (1000 g)(10 C)(4.18 J/g x C)
ΔQ = 41,800 J

Heating 1,000 g of water 10 C would require more heat energy.

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